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無料CWNP CWISA-102試験問題と解答
CWNP CWISA-102 認定試験の出題範囲：
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質問 # 35
What user authentication method is commonly used in guest Wi-Fi networks in the hospitality industry?
- A. SIM cards
- B. Captive portal
- C. NTLM
- D. Kerberos
正解：B
解説：
Captive Portals for Guest Access: These are web pages that intercept users' requests before granting full internet access. They often require agreeing to terms, entering basic information, or viewing ads.
Hospitality Fit: Captive portals are simple to deploy, require minimal user setup, and provide control for the hospitality provider (e.g., usage limits).
Why Other Options Are Less Common:
NTLM: Microsoft authentication, mainly for corporate networks, too complex for casual guest use.
Kerberos: Complex authentication for enterprise, overkill for guest Wi-Fi SIM Cards: Used in cellular devices, not for general Wi-Fi access.
References:
Captive Portals: References of how they work and their use cases.
Guest Wi-Fi in Hospitality: Best practices highlight the prevalence of captive portals in this industry.
質問 # 36
Key performance indicators and business requirements are most relevant to what operational activity for an existing wireless IoT solution?
- A. Implementation
- B. Removal
- C. Monitoring
- D. Upgrading
正解：C
解説：
KPI alignment: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) define success metrics for the wireless IoT solution (e.g., uptime, device responsiveness, data accuracy). Continuous monitoring tracks performance against these KPIs.
Meeting Business Needs: Monitoring ensures the solution delivers the intended value. Are response times fast enough? Are business processes supported effectively?
Proactive maintenance: Monitoring can reveal performance issues before they become critical failures, allowing for proactive fixes.
Optimization: Monitoring data over time helps identify areas for fine-tuning the solution to further align with business requirements.
References
Wireless IoT monitoring tools: Vendor documentation or articles on specific tools and the KPIs they can track.
ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library): Frameworks emphasizing monitoring and continuous improvement.
質問 # 37
What is the benefit of using SINR as opposed to SNR to reference signal quality at a receiver?
- A. SNR includes interference measurements that skew the results
- B. SNR excludes the noise floor, which skews the results
- C. SINR excludes interference and only measures the noise floor
- D. SINR includes interference as well as the noise floor
正解：D
解説：
SINR vs. SNR:
SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio): Measures the power of the desired signal relative to background noise.
SINR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio): Considers both background noise and interference from other signals operating on the same frequency.
Practical Importance: SINR is a more realistic indicator of real-world signal quality in wireless environments where interference is a significant factor.
References
SINR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-interference-plus-noise_ratio SNR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio
質問 # 38
You are deploying a ZigBee network based on the frequency band available for ZigBee deployment worldwide. What allowable action will do the most to minimize ZigBee and 802.11 interference?
- A. Use the 5 GHz band for all 802.11 communications
- B. Use the 5 GHz band for all ZigBee communications
- C. Use the 6 GHz band for all ZigBee communications
- D. Use the 2.4 GHz band for all 802.11 communications
正解：A
解説：
Wi-Fi and Zigbee Interference: Both can operate in the 2.4 GHz band, leading to potential interference that degrades performance for both networks.
5 GHz Advantages:
Less crowded: Fewer devices operate in the 5 GHz band, reducing interference potential.
Wider Channels: 5 GHz supports wider channels, enabling higher data throughput for Wi-Fi.
質問 # 39
What does the number in the various Quadrature Amplitude Modulation levels, such as 16 in QAM-16 and 64 in QAM-64, indicate? (Choose the single best answer.)
- A. The speed of data transfer, which is four times the number in the QAM level
- B. The number of target points in the QAM constellation, which are equivalent to amplitude and phase combinations
- C. The channel width, which is stipulated in MHz
- D. The number of spatial streams, which is 1/4 the number in the QAM level
正解：B
解説：
QAM Constellations: QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) uses a constellation diagram where points represent unique combinations of amplitude and phase.
Bits per Symbol: The number in QAM-XX indicates the number of points:
QAM-16: 16 points = 2^4 = 4 bits per symbol
QAM-64: 64 points = 2^6 = 6 bits per symbol
Higher Data Rates: More points in the constellation enable transmitting more bits per symbol, leading to higher data rates at the same bandwidth.
References
QAM: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation
質問 # 40
You are implementing a smart office wireless solution for a small business. The business owner indicates that It is acceptable to use consumer-targeted wireless devices. What is a common negative attribute of consumer-targeted smart home or smart office devices?
- A. They often operate only in the 2.4 GHz frequency band used by 802.11 devices
- B. They typically only support FHSS modulation schemes
- C. They usually stop working after twelve months
- D. They rarely support features required for small business deployment
正解：A
解説：
Consumer Smart Devices Limitation: Many consumer-oriented smart devices are designed for simplicity and cost-effectiveness, leading to reliance on the crowded 2.4 GHz band.
Consequences:
High Interference: Increased potential for interference from Wi-Fi and other 2.4 GHz devices.
Limited scalability: Performance and reliability may degrade in busy wireless environments.
質問 # 41
When deploying devices in an indoor manufacturing environment, which IP rating is more likely to be required?
- A. IP47
- B. IP66
- C. IP46
- D. IP38
正解：B
解説：
IP Ratings & Manufacturing: IP66 provides:
Dust-tight: (First '6') Complete protection against dust ingress.
Powerful Water Jets: (Second '6') Protection against strong water jets from any direction.
Harsh Manufacturing Environments: IP66 is common due to dust, dirt, and potential exposure to liquids during cleaning or spills.
References
IP Ratings: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_Code
質問 # 42
What is a valid reason to continue using older wireless networking technologies?
- A. A requirement to support legacy devices
- B. The desire to use older encryption processes, which are faster regardless of the CPU implemented
- C. The desire to support internal antennas
- D. The desire for faster communications
正解：A
解説：
Legacy Support: The primary reason to continue using older wireless technologies is the need to connect with devices that don't support newer standards (e.g., old sensors or equipment).
Other Reasons (Not as Strong):
Cost: Replacing legacy devices can be expensive.
Reliability: Some legacy technologies might be well-proven in specific settings.
質問 # 43
How does OFDMA differ from OFDM?
- A. OFDMA allows multiple devices to transmit simultaneously on the same frequency
- B. Subcarriers of OFDMA can contain data destined for a different receiver
- C. OFDMA uses multiple radios to achieve higher throughput
- D. OFDMA offers greater range by using multiple channels at once
正解：A
解説：
OFDM vs. OFDMA:
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing): Divides a channel into multiple subcarriers for data transmission.
OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access): Extends OFDM by allowing multiple users to share subcarriers simultaneously, improving efficiency and spectral utilization.
References
OFDM: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonal_frequency-division_multiplexing OFDMA: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonal_frequency-division_multiple_access
質問 # 44
You are planning a wireless implementation. At what point should you begin to consider security requirements for the implementation?
- A. During hand-off to support
- B. In the planning phase
- C. In the implementation phase
- D. In the acceptance testing phase
正解：B
解説：
Security by Design: Security should be a fundamental consideration from the initial planning stages of any wireless implementation. This ensures:
Risk Assessment: Identifying potential vulnerabilities early on.
Security Controls: Choosing appropriate encryption, authentication, and access control mechanisms.
Integration: Security measures are seamlessly woven into the system's architecture, not retrofitted later, which can be less effective.
質問 # 45
What primary component is required to implement a wireless transceiver in a device?
- A. Flash memory
- B. SRAM
- C. GPIO pins
- D. Radio
正解：D
解説：
Wireless Transceiver: A transceiver is a combination of a transmitter and receiver used for wireless communication.
Radio: The radio is the primary component responsible for:
Modulation: Encoding data onto a carrier wave.
Demodulation: Extracting data from a received signal.
Transmission/Reception: Handling the actual sending and receiving of modulated signals over the air.
References
Transceiver: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transceiver
質問 # 46
What is the most common difference between a single board computer (SBC) and a controller board?
- A. SBCs typically have connectors for display and input devices while controller boards do not
- B. Controller boards have more powerful processors than most SBCs
- C. Controller boards have I/O headers and SBCs do not
- D. SBCs always have connectors for M2 devices and controller boards do not
正解：A
解説：
SBCs (Single Board Computers): Designed as standalone, small-form-factor computers. They often include:
Display Interfaces: HDMI, DisplayPort, etc.
Input Connections: USB for keyboards, mice, etc.
General Purpose Functionality: Can run a full operating system for wider applications.
Controller Boards: Focus on controlling specific hardware or systems.
Limited direct I/O: Limited connectors for displays/input devices.
Specialized tasks: Designed for embedded applications within larger systems.
References
SBC Examples: https://www.raspberrypi.org/, https://www.beagleboard.org/ Controller Board Examples: https://www.arduino.cc/
質問 # 47
What is a common characteristic of Industrial IoT (IIoT) devices that is not a characteristic of all IoT devices?
- A. Transmission of small amounts of data throughout the day
- B. Use of standardized protocols
- C. Ruggedized devices constructed for operating in harsh environments
- D. Use of proprietary protocols
正解：C
解説：
IIoT Environments: Industrial IoT (IIoT) often involves deployment in harsh environments (factories, plants, outdoor sites) with:
Extreme temperatures
Dust & Vibrations
Exposure to chemicals or moisture
Ruggedization: IIoT devices are designed to withstand these conditions, ensuring reliability and longevity.
References
IIoT: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Internet_of_things
Rugged Devices: Articles on ruggedized electronics will emphasize their importance in industrial settings.
質問 # 48
What is the primary difference between LoRa and LoRaWAN?
- A. LoRa uses RF and LoRaWAN uses light-based communications
- B. LoRa is the modulation method and LoRaWAN implements the higher network layers
- C. LoRa Is used for communicating across the Internet and LoRaWAN is used only on the local link
- D. LoRaWAN is the Physical Layer and LoRa is the Transport Layer
正解：B
解説：
LoRa: Refers to the physical layer chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation, enabling long-range, low-power communication.
LoRaWAN: An open MAC layer protocol that builds on LoRa, defining network architecture, device management, and data routing for large-scale LoRa networks.
質問 # 49
How is ASK modulation different from FSK modulation?
- A. FSK is more sensitive to noise than ASK
- B. ASK can carry more data than FSK
- C. ASK varies the amplitude of the signal while FSK shifts its frequency
- D. ASK does not work at high frequencies
正解：C
解説：
Key Modulation Differences:
ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying): Digital data is represented by changes in the amplitude (strength) of a carrier wave.
FSK (Frequency Shift Keying): Digital data is represented by changes in the frequency of a carrier wave.
References
ASK: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude-shift_keying
FSK: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying
質問 # 50
You are planning a wireless solution. Why should you consider an ongoing monitoring system for use after the solution is deployed?
- A. Implementation validation is never completed, it continues throughout the life of the system
- B. To ensure that the system continues to meet the original requirements, even if users later indicate poor performance
- C. The number of users and the use of the solution will change over time and monitoring allows for detection of these changes
- D. Monitoring the solution provides additional billable hours
正解：C
解説：
Ongoing Monitoring for Adaptability: Wireless networks are dynamic environments. Ongoing monitoring is essential because:
Changing Usage Patterns: User numbers and how they utilize the network evolve over time.
Capacity Adjustments: Monitoring reveals if the network needs scaling for more devices or changing use cases.
Security: Helps detect unauthorized access or anomalies.
References
Importance of Wireless Network Monitoring: Resources will detail its role in proactive management
質問 # 51
What is an important acceptance agreement to achieve in the final customer meeting for a wireless IoT deployment?
- A. Support for wearable IoT solutions
- B. Scope definition
- C. Power supply provisioning
- D. Stakeholder acceptance
正解：D
解説：
Successful Deployment Depends on Buy-In: A final customer meeting signifies the handover phase. Achieving stakeholder agreement ensures everyone impacted by the solution has a voice and feels their concerns are addressed.
Sign-Off and Formal Acceptance: Stakeholders often need to formally "sign-off" on a project's completion, indicating satisfaction and readiness for operational use.
Other Options: While Important, Not the Primary Goal:
Scope definition typically happens much earlier
Solutions may or may not include wearables
Power supply should already be planned
References:
Project Management Methodologies: Emphasis on stakeholder involvement & acceptance criteria.
ITIL (Change Management): Materials on getting approval before a system goes live.
質問 # 52
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