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International Software Quality Institute（ISQI）認定テスター財団レベル（CTFL-Foundation）試験は、ソフトウェアテスターの広く認識されている認定です。この試験は、基本的なソフトウェアテストの原則と実践の知識と理解をテストするように設計されています。複数選択の質問を通じて、ソフトウェアテストにおける個人の能力を評価します。
ISQI CTFL-Foundation（ISTQB Certified Tester Foundationレベル）認定試験は、ソフトウェアテストの専門家向けの世界的に認められた認定プログラムです。認定試験は、テスト設計手法、ソフトウェア開発モデル、テスト管理の原則など、ソフトウェアテストの基本的な概念をカバーしています。 CTFL-Foundation認定は、候補者にソフトウェアテストの分野で優れているために必要な本質的な知識とスキルセットを提供するエントリーレベルのプログラムです。
ISQI CTFL-Foundation（ISTQB Certified Tester Foundationレベル）試験は、国際ソフトウェアテスト資格委員会（ISTQB）が提供する国際的に認められた認定です。この認定は、ソフトウェアテストでキャリアを確立したい個人向けに設計されており、この分野での知識とスキルを検証したいと考えています。この試験では、基本的な概念、テスト設計手法、および管理およびソフトウェア開発プロセスをテストするためのテストツールから、ソフトウェアテストのさまざまな側面をカバーしています。
質問 # 129
To which of the following test levels can regression testing be applied?
I. Component Testing
II. Integration Testing
III. System Testing
IV. Acceptance Testing
- A. I, II
- B. I, II, III
- C. I, II, III, IV
- D. II, III, IV
正解：D
質問 # 130
Part of the testing strategy indicates that you are going to be using systematic test design techniques. Your manager has asked that you present the main advantages of using these techniques at the next board meeting. Identify THREE main benefits of using systematic test design techniques within this company. 2 credits (for 2 out of 3 correct 1 credit)
- A. More enhanced documentation and therefore higher repeatability and reproducibility
- B. Provides a way to differentiate depth of testing based on product risks by using different techniques
- C. Easier to quickly adapt testing to changing requirements compared to experienced- based testing
- D. Will reduce the need for early reviews
- E. Targets certain types of faults
- F. Will guide experienced testers to find defects
- G. Will make non-systematic testing redundant
正解：A、B、E
質問 # 131
Which of the following is NOT a typical key challenge for testing in a RAD based development approach? 1 credit
- A. Re-usable test scripts for (automated) regression testing
- B. Time-boxing
- C. No complete requirements specification
- D. Project management and control
正解：D
解説：
Topic 19, Scenario 11 "Incident Management"
The following is the current incident handling process in used at the company.
Step 1: Incident is documented in the incident Tile with the following information:
- Software module or area where the fault occurred
- Who has reported the fault
- Hardware configuration used for the test that found the fault
- The sequential incident number (1 greater than the last one recorded) Step 2: Developer assigned to fix the fault Step 3: Developer fixes the fault Step 4: Developer signs off the incident as closed, and it is then removed from the incident file
質問 # 132
A company that created software for managing libraries won a contract to write an application for managing inventories in a large hospital pharmacy.
The test manager decided that the test policy and all work procedures must be reviewed and updates to meet this new challenge.
Which of the following is the best explanation for this decision?
- A. Different industries have different risks and quality requirements. This impacts the test process.
- B. Large organizations have bigger budgets and hence strict testing is required
- C. Revising the test policy and work procedures need not be done at the beginning of each project
- D. The size of the software for the new project is different than previous ones. This requires more testing.
正解：A
解説：
Section: (none)
質問 # 133
For which of the following would maintenance testing be used?
- A. Planned enhancements to an existing operational system.
- B. Complaints about system quality during user acceptance testing.
- C. Correction of defects during the development phase.
- D. Integrating functions during the development of a new system.
正解：A
質問 # 134
Which of the following are valid test objectives?
(i)Finding defects.
(ii)Gaining confidence about the level of quality and providing information.
(iii)Preventing defects.
(iv)Debugging the code.
- A. i, ii and iv
- B. i and iv
- C. ii and iii
- D. i, ii and iii
正解：D
解説：
Valid test objectives include finding defects (i), gaining confidence about the level of quality and providing information (ii), and preventing defects (iii). Debugging the code (iv) is not a valid test objective as it is a part of the development process rather than the testing process.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, version 4.0, lists the valid objectives of testing, which include finding defects, gaining confidence, and preventing defects.
質問 # 135
"Statement Testing" is part of:
- A. Specification Based testing
- B. Structured based testing
- C. Experience based testing
- D. Decision Testing
正解：B
質問 # 136
The following test cases for a Library Management System are available to test changes made to the functions and data structures associated with borrowers.
1. Add a new borrower to the system
2. Update a borrower's data
3. Remove a borrower from the system
4. Loan a book to a borrower
5. Return a book from a borrower
6. Reserve a book for a borrower
7. Send "reservation ready" message to a borrower
Which of the following test sequences represents a possible use case?
(a test sequence always start with test #1)
- A. 1-6-2-5-7-4-3
- B. 1-4-2-7-5-6-3
- C. 1-2-6-7-4-5-3
- D. 1-6-4-7-5-3-2
正解：C
解説：
Section: (none)
質問 # 137
Which of the following are aids to good communication, and which hinder it?
i. Try to understand how the other person feels.
ii. Communicate personal feelings, concentrating upon individuals.
iii. Confirm the other person has understood what you have said and vice versa.
iv. Emphasize the common goal of better quality.
v. Each discussion is a battle to be won.
- A. (iii), (iv) and (v) aid, (i) and (ii) hinder.
- B. (i), (ii) and (iii) aid, (iv) and (v) hinder.
- C. (i), (iii) and (iv) aid, (ii) and (v) hinder.
- D. (ii), (iii) and (iv) aid, (i) and (v) hinder.
正解：C
質問 # 138
Equivalence Partitioning is best defined as:
- A. A method to reduce test coverage.
- B. An analysis technique that divides inputs into groups that are expected to exhibit similar behaviors.
- C. Applying to time-related data classes only.
- D. A form of white-box testing.
正解：B
質問 # 139
A new system is about to be developed. Which of the following functions has the highest level of risk?
- A. Likelihood of failure = 1%; impact value = E500,000
- B. Likelihood of failure = 20%; impact value = E100,000
- C. Likelihood of failure = 2%; impact value = E200,000
- D. Likelihood of failure = 10%; impact value = E150,000
正解：B
解説：
In (B) the product of probability x impact has the value E15,000; in (C) the value is E5,000 and in (D) it is E4,000. The value of E20,000 in (A) is therefore the highest.
質問 # 140
Independent Verification & Validation is:
- A. Done by the Developer
- B. Done by the Test Engineers
- C. Done by an Entity Outside the Project's sphere of influence
- D. Done By Management
正解：C
質問 # 141
A test case starts at S1 and triggers 4 events in sequence: E1, E4, E5, E7. What will be the finishing state and the output(s) from the test case? [K3] Refer to the exhibit
- A. S4 and O4
- B. S4 and O2
- C. S2 and O4
- D. S2 and O2
正解：A
解説：
According to the state transition table and the sequence of events, starting from state S1 and triggering events E1, E4, E5, and E7 will lead the system to state S4 with the output O4. Each event transitions the system from one state to another, producing the specified output at each step until the final state and output are reached.
質問 # 142
Which of the following is a Black Box test design technique?
- A. Equivalence Partitioning
- B. Decision Coverage
- C. Error Guessing
- D. Statement Coverage
正解：A
解説：
Equivalence Partitioning is a black box test design technique used to divide input data into partitions that are expected to be treated the same by the system. It focuses on ensuring that each partition represents a set of valid or invalid states for the input, and one test case from each partition is enough to cover the entire set. This technique does not rely on the internal structure of the code but rather on the functionality and behavior as seen from the user's perspective.
質問 # 143
Which of the following could be a disadvantage of independent testing?
- A. Independent testers are too slow and delay the project schedule.
- B. Developer and independent testing will overlap and waste resources.
- C. Communication is limited between independent testers and developers.
- D. Developers can lose a sense of responsibility for quality.
正解：D
質問 # 144
Within the projects, a master test plan and phase test plan will be used. Following is a list of characteristics applicable for test plans:
a. Any deviation from the procedures described in the test strategy document b. The overall estimated costs, timescales and resource requirements c. A detailed schedule of testing activities d. The development deliverables to be tested e. Which test staff members (names) will be involved and when f. Level of requirements coverage achieved Which THREE of the above mentioned characteristics relate to the master test plan? 1 credit
- A. d
- B. f
- C. b
- D. c
- E. e
- F. a
正解：A、C、F
質問 # 145
A bank is developing a new service that will be delivered via the web. The user interactions are defined as a set of use cases and the service is designed to be available continuously 24/7. In view of the challenging characteristics of the service the test manager has decided that the code should be thoroughly tested at component level.
Which of the following test types will be required during the development? [K2]
- A. Functional testing to test security at the system level, load testing at the system level to ensure the system availability is acceptable, regression testing at all levels, structure based testing at the component level only
- B. Functional testing to test the use cases at component level, reliability testing to test availability at the integration level, regression testing at the system testing level only, structure based testing at all levels
- C. Functional testing to test security at the acceptance level, load testing at the acceptance test level to ensure availability is acceptable, regression testing at the acceptance level only to ensure late changes are made correctly, and structure based testing at the component level
- D. Functional testing of the use cases at system level, load testing at component level to ensure availability is acceptable, regression testing at the system and acceptance levels only, and structure based testing at the integration level only
正解：A
解説：
For a web-based service designed to be available 24/7, a comprehensive testing approach is necessary to ensure functionality, security, reliability, and performance. Functional testing at the system level will verify the security aspects. Load testing at the system level will ensure the system can handle expected loads and remain available. Regression testing across all levels will confirm that changes do not introduce new defects.
Structure-based testing at the component level will ensure the internal structure of components is robust. The ISTQB syllabus outlines these testing types and their importance in different contexts and levels.
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質問 # 146
Which of the following is most likely to be a benefit of using static techniques?
- A. Fewer performance defects.
- B. Quick return on investment in static analysis tools.
- C. Productivity improvements in the development process.
- D. More efficient regression testing.
正解：C
解説：
Although the other options might be seen as benefits they are not amongst the most likely benefits. Option (B) is the benefit that is most likely to be realized.
質問 # 147
A company wants to enforce use of coding standards.
Which type of test tool would you recommend for this purpose?
- A. Test execution tool
- B. Static analysis tool
- C. Configuration management tool
- D. Modeling tool
正解：D
質問 # 148
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