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質問 # 51
You are instructed to automate manual tasks and help software teams manage complex environments at scale using the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) services. Which THREE OCI services can be leveraged to securely store and version your application's source code, and automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications to the OCI platform? (Choose three.)
- A. Resource Manager
- B. Container Engine for Kubernetes
- C. Oracle APEX Application Development
- D. Oracle Cloud Logging Analytics
- E. DevOps
- F. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry
正解:B、E、F
解説:
The three OCI services that can be leveraged to securely store and version your application's source code, and automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications to the OCI platform are: DevOps: OCI provides a comprehensive set of DevOps services, including Oracle Developer Cloud Service, which allows you to manage source code repositories, automate builds and testing, and streamline the deployment process.
Container Engine for Kubernetes: OCI's Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) enables you to deploy and manage containerized applications using Kubernetes. It provides a scalable and reliable platform for automating the deployment of your applications. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry: OCI Registry is a fully managed, private container registry that allows you to securely store and manage Docker images. It integrates with other OCI services, such as Container Engine for Kubernetes, to facilitate seamless deployment and orchestration of containerized applications. These services combined provide the necessary tools and infrastructure to support continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) workflows, enabling efficient and automated application development and deployment processes in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure environment.
質問 # 52
You deployed a Python application to an Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) cluster. However, while testing you found a bug, which you rectified and then created a new Docker image. You now need to ensure that if this new image does not work once deployed, you should be able to roll back to the previous version. Using kubect1, which strategy should you use?
- A. Blue/Green Deployment
- B. A/B Testing
- C. Rolling Update
- D. Canary Deployment
正解:C
解説:
A rolling update is a deployment strategy that gradually replaces the old version of an application with the new version without any downtime4. OKE supports rolling updates by using the kubectl rollout command4. A rolling update allows you to roll back to the previous version if something goes wrong with the new version4.
Therefore, using a rolling update strategy with kubectl ensures that you can roll back to the previous version of your Python application if the new image does not work once deployed. Verified References: Deploy Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes
質問 # 53
Which open source engine is used by Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) to power Oracle Functions?
- A. Knative
- B. Apache OpenWhisk
- C. Kubeless
- D. Fn Project
正解:D
解説:
Fn Project is the open source engine that is used by OCI to power Oracle Functions1. Fn Project is an open source, container native, serverless platform that can be run anywhere - any cloud or on-premises1. Fn Project is easy to use, extensible, and performant. You can download and install the open source distribution of Fn Project, develop and test a function locally, and then use the same tooling to deploy that function to Oracle Functions1. Verified References: Overview of Functions
質問 # 54
You are a developing a microservices application that will be a consumer of the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Streaming service. Which API method should you use to read and process a stream?
- A. ProcessStream
- B. ReadMessages
- C. ReadStream
- D. GetStream
- E. GetMessages
正解:E
解説:
The correct API method to read and process a stream in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Streaming service is "GetMessages". When consuming messages from a stream in OCI Streaming, you use the
"GetMessages" API method. This method allows you to retrieve a batch of messages from the stream for processing. You can specify parameters such as the number of messages to retrieve, the maximum size of the messages, and the timeout for the request. By using the "GetMessages" API method, you can retrieve messages from the stream and then process them in your microservices application. This allows you to consume and handle the data in real-time as it becomes available in the stream. The "GetMessages" method provides flexibility in how you consume and process the messages, enabling you to implement custom logic and workflows based on your specific application requirements.
質問 # 55
You are creating an API deployment in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) API Gateway and you want to configure request policies to control access. Which is NOT available in OCI API Gateway?
- A. Providing authentication and authorization.
- B. Enabling Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) support.
- C. Limiting the number of requests sent to the backend services.
- D. Controlling access to the backend OCI resources.
正解:D
解説:
The correct answer is: Controlling access to the backend OCI resources. OCI API Gateway does not provide direct control over access to backend OCI resources. It primarily focuses on managing and securing access to APIs exposed through the gateway. The gateway acts as a front-end for APIs and provides features such as authentication, authorization, rate limiting, and CORS support. While you can configure authentication and authorization policies, limit the number of requests, and enable CORS support in OCI API Gateway, it does not directly control access to backend OCI resources. Access to backend resources is typically managed through other means, such as IAM policies, network security rules, or resource-specific access controls.
質問 # 56
Which two "Action Type" options are NOT available in an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Events rule definition? (Choose two.)
- A. Slack
- B. Streaming
- C. Notifications
- D. Functions
- E. Email
正解:A、E
解説:
The two "Action Type" options that are NOT available in an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Events rule definition are: Email (Correct) Slack (Correct) The available "Action Type" options in OCI Events rule definition include Functions, Notifications, and Streaming. However, email and Slack are not directly supported as action types in OCI Events. Instead, you can use Notifications to send notifications to various notification channels, including email and Slack, through the OCI Notifications service.
質問 # 57
You are tasked with developing an application that requires the use of Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) APIs to POST messages to a stream in the OCI Streaming service. Which statement is incorrect? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. The Content-Type header must be set to application/json
- B. An HTTP 401 will be returned if the client's clock is skewed more than 5 minutes from the server's.
- C. The request must include an authorization signing string including (but not limited to) x-content- sha256, content-type, and content-length headers.
- D. The request does not require an Authorization header.
正解:D
解説:
The statement that is incorrect is: "The request does not require an Authorization header." In order to POST messages to a stream in the OCI Streaming service using OCI APIs, the request does require an Authorization header. The Authorization header is used to provide authentication and ensure the request is authorized to access the stream. The correct approach is to include the Authorization header in the request, along with other required headers such as x-content-sha256, content-type, and content-length. Therefore, the incorrect statement is that the request does not require an Authorization header.\
質問 # 58
Which of the following TWO statements are TRUE about deleting a Kubernetes cluster? (Choose two.)
- A. Upon deleting a cluster, no other resources created during the cluster creation process or associated with the cluster (such as VCNS. Internet Gateways, NAT Gateways, Route Tables, Security Lists. Load Balancers, and Block Volumes) are deleted automatically.
- B. You cannot change the autogenerated names of the worker nodes in the format oke-c<part-of cluster- CCID>-<part-of-node-pool-OCID>-<part-of-subnet-OCID>-<slot> within a Kubernetes cluster.
- C. Upon deleting a cluster, other resources created during the cluster creation process or associated with the cluster (such as VCNS, Internet Gateways, NAT Gateways, Route Tables, Security Lists, B. Load Balancers, and Block Volumes) are deleted automatically.
- D. Changing the auto-generated name of a worker node does not affect the deletion of the worker node when the cluster in which it is created is deleted.
- E. If you change the auto-generated name of a worker node and then delete the cluster, the renamed worker node is not deleted.
正解:A、E
解説:
The correct statements about deleting a Kubernetes cluster are: If you change the auto-generated name of a worker node and then delete the cluster, the renamed worker node is not deleted. Changing the name of a worker node does not affect its deletion when the cluster is deleted. The cluster deletion process does not consider the renamed worker nodes and will delete all worker nodes associated with the cluster. Upon deleting a cluster, no other resources created during the cluster creation process or associated with the cluster (such as VCNs, Internet Gateways, NAT Gateways, Route Tables, Security Lists, Load Balancers, and Block Volumes) are deleted automatically. These additional resources are not automatically deleted when the cluster is deleted. You need to manage the deletion of these resources separately, if desired. Therefore, the correct statements are that the renamed worker nodes are not deleted when the cluster is deleted, and other associated resources are not automatically deleted when the cluster is deleted.
質問 # 59
Which TWO are required to access the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) cluster from the kubectl CLI? (Choose two.)
- A. An SSH key pair with the public key added to the cluster worker nodes.
- B. Tiller enabled on the OKE cluster.
- C. A configured OCI API signing key pair.
- D. OCI Identity and Access Management (IAM) Auth Token.
- E. Install and configure the OCI CLI.
正解:C、E
解説:
The correct options are: A configured OCI API signing key pair: The API signing key pair is used for authentication and authorization to access OCI resources, including the OKE cluster. The private key should be configured on your local machine to authenticate API requests. An SSH key pair with the public key added to the cluster worker nodes: This is required for secure SSH access to the worker nodes in the OKE cluster.
You need to generate an SSH key pair and add the public key to the cluster's worker node pool during cluster creation or update. Therefore, the correct options are having a configured OCI API signing key pair and an SSH key pair with the public key added to the cluster worker nodes.
質問 # 60
Which TWO are part of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) container runtime? (Choose two.)
- A. rkt-o
- B. containerd
- C. runc
- D. getcd
正解:B、C
解説:
The two components that are part of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) container runtime are:
containerd: containerd is an open-source container runtime that provides a runtime environment for containers, including managing container images, executing containers, and handling container lifecycle events. It is designed to be lightweight and extensible, providing the necessary functionality to run containers efficiently. runc: runc is a lightweight container runtime that serves as a reference implementation of the Open Container Initiative (OCI) runtime specification. It is responsible for launching and managing containers based on OCI specifications, including handling container isolation, namespaces, cgroups, and other low-level container operations. These two components, containerd and runc, are widely used in the container ecosystem and are part of the CNCF's efforts to promote and develop open-source technologies for cloud-native computing.
質問 # 61
A developer using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) API Gateway needs to authenticate the API requests to their web application. The authentication process must be implemented using a custom scheme which accepts string-based parameters from the API caller. Which approach should the developer use in this scenario?
- A. Create an authorizer function using request header authorization.
- B. Create an authorizer function using token-based authorization.
- C. Create an authorizer function using OCI Identity and Access Management 91AM) based authentication.
- D. Create a cross account functions authorizer.
正解:B
解説:
In the given scenario, the developer should use the approach of creating an authorizer function using token- based authorization. Token-based authorization is a commonly used approach for authenticating API requests.
It involves generating and issuing tokens to API callers, which they can then include in the requests they make to the API. The tokens serve as proof of authentication and are validated by the server to ensure the caller's identity and access rights. By creating an authorizer function using token-based authorization, the developer can implement a custom scheme that accepts string-based parameters from the API caller. This allows the developer to define their own authentication logic and validate the provided tokens according to their requirements. The authorizer function can be configured in the OCI API Gateway to be invoked before forwarding the request to the web application. It will perform the necessary token validation and authentication checks, allowing only authorized requests to access the protected resources of the web application.
質問 # 62
You are developing a real-time monitoring application for a fleet of vehicles, which will be deployed on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). You need to choose between using OCI Queue or OCI Streaming to handle the real-time data feeds from the vehicles. Based on the scenario described, which is the most appropriate choice for handling real-time data feeds?
- A. OCI Queue, because it provides at-least-once message delivery, which is critical for real-time monitoring applications
- B. OCI Streaming, because it is designed for high-volume, continuous ingestion and processing of data, making it the best choice for a fleet of vehicles
- C. OCI Queue, because it is optimized for low-latency messaging and ideal for real-time applications
- D. OCI Streaming, because it offers exactly-once message delivery, which is necessary for real-time applications
正解:B
解説:
OCI Streaming is a fully managed, scalable, and durable messaging solution for ingesting continuous, high- volume streams of data that you can consume and process in real-time1. Streaming is suitable for any use case in which data is produced and processed continually and sequentially in a publish-subscribe messaging model1. Streaming can handle millions of messages per second with low latency2. Therefore, OCI Streaming is the most appropriate choice for handling real-time data feeds from a fleet of vehicles. Verified References: Overview of Streaming, Container Engine for Kubernetes
質問 # 63
You need to push a new Docker container image to a repository in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Registry. Which mechanism must you use to provide authentication?
- A. Generate an API signing key to complete the authentication via the OCI CLI.
- B. Generate an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI.
- C. Generate an API signing key to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI.
- D. Generate an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the OCI CLI.
正解:B
解説:
To push a new Docker container image to a repository in OCI Registry, you need to use an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI1. An Auth Token is a secure, auto-generated password that you can use to authenticate with OCI services such as OCI Registry1. You can generate an Auth Token in the Console by following these steps1:
* In the top-right corner of the Console, open the Profile menu and then click User settings to view the details.
* On the Auth Tokens page, click Generate Token.
* Enter a friendly description for the auth token. Avoid entering confidential information.
* Click Generate Token. The new auth token is displayed.
* Copy the auth token immediately to a secure location from where you can retrieve it later, because you won't see the auth token again in the Console.
* Close the Generate Token dialog. After generating an Auth Token, you need to log in to OCI Registry by entering docker login <region-key>.ocir.io in a terminal window on the client machine running Docker, where <region-key> corresponds to the key for the OCI Registry region you're using1. When prompted for a username, enter your username in the format <tenancy-namespace>/<username>, where
<tenancy-namespace> is the auto-generated Object Storage namespace string of your tenancy1. When prompted for a password, enter the Auth Token you copied earlier1.
質問 # 64
You are instructed to automate manual tasks and help software teams manage complex environments at scale using the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) services. Which THREE OCI services can be leveraged to securely store and version your application's source code, and automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications to the OCI platform? (Choose three.)
- A. Resource Manager
- B. Container Engine for Kubernetes
- C. Oracle APEX Application Development
- D. Oracle Cloud Logging Analytics
- E. DevOps
- F. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry
正解:B、E、F
解説:
The three OCI services that can be leveraged to securely store and version your application's source code, and automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications to the OCI platform are: DevOps: OCI provides a comprehensive set of DevOps services, including Oracle Developer Cloud Service, which allows you to manage source code repositories, automate builds and testing, and streamline the deployment process.
Container Engine for Kubernetes: OCI's Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) enables you to deploy and manage containerized applications using Kubernetes. It provides a scalable and reliable platform for automating the deployment of your applications. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry: OCI Registry is a fully managed, private container registry that allows you to securely store and manage Docker images. It integrates with other OCI services, such as Container Engine for Kubernetes, to facilitate seamless deployment and orchestration of containerized applications. These services combined provide the necessary tools and infrastructure to support continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) workflows, enabling efficient and automated application development and deployment processes in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure environment.
質問 # 65
Which concept in OCI Queue is responsible for hiding a message from other consumers for a predefined amount of time after it has been delivered to a consumer?
- A. Polling timeout
- B. Maximum retention period
- C. Visibility timeout
- D. Delivery count
正解:C
解説:
Visibility timeout is the concept in OCI Queue that is responsible for hiding a message from other consumers for a predefined amount of time after it has been delivered to a consumer1. The visibility timeout can be set at the queue level when creating a queue, or it can be specified when consuming or updating messages1. If a consumer is having difficulty successfully processing a message, it can update the message to extend its invisibility1. If a message's visibility timeout is not extended, and the consumer does not delete the message, it returns to the queue1. Verified References: Overview of Queue
質問 # 66
You are using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Resource Manager to manage your infrastructure lifecycle and wish to receive an email each time a Terraform action begins. How should you use the OCI Events service to do this without writing any code?
- A. Create a rule in OCI Events service matching the "Resource Manager Stack - Update" condition. Then select "Action Type: Email" and provide the destination email address.
- B. Create an OCI Email Delivery configuration with the destination email address. Then create an OCI Events rule matching "Resource Manager Job - Create" condition, and select the email configuration for the corresponding action.
- C. Create an OCI Notifications topic and email subscription with the destination email address. Then create an OCI Events rule matching "Resource Manager Stack - Update" condition, and select the notification topic for the corresponding action.
- D. Create an OCI Notification topic and email subscription with the destination email address. Then create an OCI Events rule matching "Resource Manager Job - Create" condition, and select the notification topic for the corresponding action.
正解:D
解説:
The correct approach to receive an email each time a Terraform action begins in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Resource Manager without writing any code is as follows: Create an OCI Notification topic and email subscription with the destination email address. This will define the email delivery configuration. Create an OCI Events rule that matches the "Resource Manager Job - Create" condition. This rule will be triggered when a Resource Manager job is created. In the OCI Events rule, select the notification topic that was created in step 1 as the action for the corresponding event. This will ensure that the notification is sent to the specified email address. By following these steps, you can configure the OCI Events service to send an email notification whenever a Resource Manager job is created in OCI Resource Manager.
質問 # 67
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