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質問 # 88
A counting chamber utilized in manual microscopic methods is called a
- A. hyamestometer
- B. hcmacountcr
- C. ccntraomctcr
- D. hemacytometer
正解：D
解説：
A hemacytometer is a device used in manual microscopic methods to count cells. It consists of a thick glass microscope slide with a grid etched into it. This grid allows for the counting of cells in a defined volume of fluid, making it possible to calculate the concentration of cells in a sample. The other options are not valid terms:
Hyamestometer: Not a recognized term.
Ccntraomctcr: Typographical error, not a valid term.
Hcmacountcr: Typographical error, not a valid term.
Reference:
"Hemacytometer." ScienceDirect, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/hemacytometer
質問 # 89
Drug agents that neutralize the hydrochloric acid in the stomach are called
- A. alcohol
- B. tranquilizers
- C. antacids
- D. analgesics
正解：C
解説：
Drug agents that neutralize the hydrochloric acid in the stomach are called antacids. Antacids are used to relieve symptoms of indigestion, heartburn, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). They work by neutralizing stomach acid to reduce irritation and discomfort.
Reference:
Pharmacology for Health Professionals by Bronwen Bryant and Kathleen Knights Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
質問 # 90
What is a chronic inflammatory disease that attacks joints and surrounding tissues, and is an intermittent disease with periods of remission?
- A. dysplagia
- B. rheumatoid ar thritis
- C. bursitis
- D. dislocation
正解：B
解説：
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that attacks joints and surrounding tissues. It is characterized by periods of remission and flare-ups. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, causing inflammation, pain, and potential joint damage. This disease commonly affects joints in the hands, wrists, and knees, leading to swelling and deformity over time.
質問 # 91
The collar bone, a slender bone, one on each side of the body, connecting the breastbone to each shoulder is called the:
- A. clavicle
- B. scapula
- C. none of the above
- D. acromion
正解：A
解説：
The clavicle, commonly known as the collar bone, is a slender bone that runs horizontally between the top of the breastbone (sternum) and the shoulder blade (scapula) on each side of the body. It serves as a strut to keep the scapula in place, allowing the arm to hang freely.
Scapula: Also known as the shoulder blade, located at the back.
Acromion: The bony process on the scapula.
Reference:
"Clavicle Anatomy." MedlinePlus, https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002307.htm
質問 # 92
The pH of a urine sample is checked to determine
- A. the presence of dissolved substances
- B. acidity or alkalinity
- C. the coixentration of the sample
- D. specific gravity
正解：B
解説：
The pH of a urine sample is checked to determine its acidity or alkalinity. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. A pH below 7 indicates acidity, while a pH above 7 indicates alkalinity. Urine pH can provide information about a person's diet, medications, and metabolic conditions.
Reference:
Clinical Chemistry: Principles, Techniques, and Correlations by Michael L. Bishop Urinalysis and Body Fluids by Susan King Strasinger
質問 # 93
A substance provided by the stomach, necessary for the digestion of food, is called:
- A. glucose
- B. insulin
- C. hydrochloric acid
- D. glycogen
正解：C
解説：
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a substance produced by the stomach lining. It plays a crucial role in digestion by creating an acidic environment, which helps in the breakdown of food, activates digestive enzymes like pepsin, and kills harmful bacteria ingested with food. The other options are:
Glycogen: A stored form of glucose found in the liver and muscles, not directly involved in digestion.
Insulin: A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels, not involved in digestion in the stomach.
Glucose: A simple sugar that is an end product of carbohydrate digestion, not a substance produced by the stomach.
Reference:
"Digestive System: The Stomach." Johns Hopkins Medicine, https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/the-stomach
質問 # 94
The small sac attached to the underside of the liver and stores bile is called the:
- A. gallbladder
- B. colon
- C. appendix
- D. pancreas
正解：A
解説：
The small sac attached to the underside of the liver that stores bile is called the gallbladder. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, releasing it into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Reference: Nationally Registered Certified Medical Assistant study materials, anatomy and physiology textbooks.
質問 # 95
A lipid profile includes testing for:
- A. sterile water
- B. a substance to enhance coagulation
- C. serum
- D. EDI A asan anticoagulant
正解：D
解説：
When collecting specimens for a white blood count (WBC), you would use a tube that contains EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) as an anticoagulant. EDTA prevents blood from clotting by binding calcium ions, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the blood sample for accurate WBC analysis.
質問 # 96
A patient in the prone position is lying
- A. on the left side with legs
- B. flat on their back with palms flexed and face up
- C. face down flexed
- D. on their bat k with legs
正解：C
解説：
A patient in the prone position is lying face down. This position is commonly used in medical examinations and surgical procedures to access the back or posterior parts of the body. It helps in various diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, providing better access to the dorsal surface of the body.
Reference:
Mosby's Medical Dictionary
Clinical Examination Techniques by Talley and O'Connor
質問 # 97
The medical term for high blood sugar is:
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Hyperlipidemia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Hypoglycemia
正解：A
解説：
Hyperglycemia refers to elevated levels of glucose in the blood, commonly associated with diabetes mellitus. It occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Symptoms of hyperglycemia include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision. Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to serious complications such as cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, kidney failure, and retinopathy. Management of blood glucose levels is crucial for individuals with diabetes to prevent these complications.
質問 # 98
The word part nephro means:
- A. kidney
- B. spleen
- C. glomerulus
- D. liver
正解：A
解説：
The word part "nephro-" comes from the Greek word "nephros," meaning kidney. It is used in medical terminology to refer to conditions, procedures, or anatomical parts related to the kidneys. Examples include nephrology (the study of kidney function and diseases) and nephrectomy (surgical removal of a kidney). Reference: Nationally Registered Certified Medical Assistant study materials, medical dictionaries.
質問 # 99
The opposite of superficial Is:
- A. deep
- B. efferent
- C. distal
- D. proximal
正解：A
解説：
The opposite of superficial is deep. In medical terminology, "superficial" refers to structures near the surface of the body, while "deep" refers to structures further away from the surface and closer to the interior of the body. For example, muscles that are deep are located beneath more superficial layers of tissue. Reference: Nationally Registered Certified Medical Assistant study materials, anatomy and physiology textbooks.
質問 # 100
The purpose of applying paste or jelly when running an EKG Is to reduce
- A. the chance of shorting the patient machine
- B. the chance of shocking the
- C. skin resistance
- D. the chance of shocking the assistant
正解：C
解説：
The purpose of applying paste or jelly when running an EKG (Electrocardiogram) is to reduce skin resistance. This conductive gel ensures better conductivity between the skin and the electrodes, resulting in a clearer and more accurate recording of the heart's electrical activity. Without the gel, poor contact can lead to high resistance and artifacts in the EKG trace.
Reference:
Thaler, M. S. (2018). The Only EKG Book You'll Ever Need (9th ed.). Wolters Kluwer
質問 # 101
Large amounts of injectable medication, at least 2 ml or more are given
- A. subcutaneously
- B. intradermally
- C. intravenously
- D. intramuscularly
正解：D
解説：
Large amounts of injectable medication, at least 2 ml or more, are given intramuscularly. Intramuscular (IM) injections are administered into the muscle tissue, which allows for a larger volume of medication to be absorbed more rapidly than subcutaneous or intradermal routes. Common sites for IM injections include the deltoid, gluteus, and vastus lateralis muscles.
Reference:
Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants by Kathy Bonewit-West
Injection Techniques in Musculoskeletal Medicine by Stephanie Saunders and Steve Longworth
質問 # 102
Incision into the chest wall is referred to as:
- A. thoracic
- B. thorax
- C. thoracostomy
- D. thoracotomy
正解：D
解説：
A thoracotomy is a surgical procedure involving an incision into the chest wall to gain access to the thoracic organs, particularly the lungs and heart. This procedure is performed for various diagnostic and therapeutic reasons, including lung biopsy, tumor removal, or treatment of thoracic injuries. The other terms refer to related but different concepts:
Thoracic: Pertaining to the chest.
Thorax: The part of the body between the neck and the abdomen, encasing the chest.
Thoracostomy: The creation of an opening into the chest cavity, often for the insertion of a chest tube.
Reference:
"Thoracotomy." Mayo Clinic, https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/thoracotomy/about/pac-20385034
質問 # 103
The purpose of aging the accounts receivables:
- A. is used to identity past due accounts for collection
- B. is for the trial balance
- C. none of the choices
- D. is to list payments and charges for a given date
正解：A
解説：
Aging accounts receivable involves categorizing all receivables by the length of time they have been outstanding. This process helps in identifying overdue accounts that need collection action. It's a critical part of the financial management process in healthcare settings, ensuring that the organization maintains a healthy cash flow by actively managing and collecting outstanding patient accounts. This method also helps in assessing the effectiveness of the billing process and identifying trends in patient payments.
Reference:
National Health Services Finance Guide
Medical Office Financial Management Resources
質問 # 104
Osteo means:
- A. joint
- B. cartilage
- C. bone
- D. knee
正解：C
解説：
The prefix "osteo-" comes from the Greek word "osteon," meaning bone. It is commonly used in medical terminology to refer to bones or bone-related conditions. For example, osteoporosis (a condition characterized by weakened bones) and osteoarthritis (a type of arthritis that affects the bones and joints). Reference: Nationally Registered Certified Medical Assistant study materials and standard medical dictionaries.
質問 # 105
A Z-tract injection is an injection given in the gluteal
muscle of the buttocks.
- A. intravenious
- B. intra-arterial
- C. intradermal
- D. intramuscular
正解：D
解説：
A Z-tract injection is a technique used to administer medication intramuscularly to minimize leakage and irritation of the medication in the subcutaneous tissue. The Z-tract method involves pulling the skin and subcutaneous tissue to one side before inserting the needle into the muscle, injecting the medication, and then releasing the tissue after withdrawing the needle. This "zig-zag" path prevents the medication from leaking back along the needle track. The gluteal muscle, particularly the ventrogluteal or dorsogluteal sites, is commonly used for such injections due to its large muscle mass.
質問 # 106
The suffix which means pain is:
- A. ilgia
- B. ectomy
- C. algia
- D. olgia
正解：C
解説：
The suffix -algia means pain. It is used in medical terminology to describe pain in a specific part of the body, such as in "neuralgia" (nerve pain) or "myalgia" (muscle pain).
-ectomy: Refers to the surgical removal of a part of the body, as in "appendectomy." algia: Correct suffix meaning pain.
olgia and ilgia: Incorrect and not used in medical terminology.
Reference:
"Medical Terminology." Merck Manual, https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/appendixes/medical-terminology-suffixes
質問 # 107
Metastasis refers to:
- A. form of sarcoma
- B. form of carcinoma
- C. benign tumor arising from the epithelium
- D. growth of cancer cells from one tissue to another
正解：D
解説：
Metastasis refers to the growth of cancer cells from one tissue to another. This process involves the spread of cancer cells through the bloodstream or lymphatic system to distant sites in the body, forming new tumors. Metastasis is a hallmark of advanced cancer and significantly impacts prognosis and treatment strategies.
Reference:
The Biology of Cancer by Robert A. Weinberg
Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology by Vincent T. DeVita, Jr., Theodore S. Lawrence, and Steven A. Rosenberg
質問 # 108
The process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells is called:
- A. Apoptosis
- B. Cytokinesis
- C. Mitosis
- D. Meiosis
正解：C
解説：
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. It is essential for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. Mitosis consists of several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm and organelles into two daughter cells. Unlike meiosis, which produces four genetically diverse gametes (sperm or egg cells), mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.
質問 # 109
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