2026年最新の有効なMaryland-Real-Estate-Salesperson試験最新問題で2026年最新の学習ガイド
Maryland-Real-Estate-Salesperson認定で究極のガイド [2026年更新]
質問 # 102
What type of property is a condominium?
- A. A condo is a multi-family property.
- B. A condo is a single-family property.
- C. A condo has a proprietary lease.
- D. A condo always includes landownership.
正解：A
解説：
A condominium is a form of ownership, not a type of structure.
It typically consists of multiple units (multi-family or multi-unit buildings) in which each owner holds title to their individual unit and shares ownership of common areas (e.g., hallways, pools, grounds) through the condominium association.
This differs from a cooperative (co-op), where residents hold shares and a proprietary lease.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Forms of Real Estate Ownership" Module Maryland Condominium Act, Real Property Article 11-101 et seq.
質問 # 103
What is typically included in a Multiple Listing Service (MLS) used by real estate professionals?
- A. A free service for real estate professionals and the public
- B. A classified advertising site that charges by the column inch
- C. An online database of active, under contract, sold, expired, and withdrawn listings
- D. A proprietary site open only to real estate professionals
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed
The Multiple Listing Service (MLS) is a cooperative online database used by licensed real estate professionals to share information about properties for sale or lease. It includes active, pending/under-contract, sold, expired, and withdrawn listings. The MLS enhances market transparency and cooperation among brokers, ensuring accurate data and broad property exposure.
質問 # 104
In Maryland, it's customary for the buyer and seller to split the transfer and recordation ______.
- A. 30/70
- B. 50/50
- C. 40/60
- D. 25/75
正解：B
解説：
Maryland practice (as taught in pre-licensing) recognizes a customary 50/50 split of transfer and recordation taxes between buyer and seller, subject to local custom and negotiation. Parties may allocate differently in the contract, and some jurisdictions have varying defaults; however, exam-prep materials present 50/50 as the standard custom unless otherwise agreed.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Course: "Closing the Real Estate Transaction" (Maryland closing customs; allocation of transfer and recordation taxes; contract may supersede custom).
質問 # 105
Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1866 monumental among fair housing and antidiscrimination laws?
- A. It abolished slavery.
- B. It added sexual orientation as a protected class.
- C. It provided no exceptions for discrimination based on race or color.
- D. It was adopted by the United Nations.
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the first federal law to address discrimination in housing and property rights. It declares that all U.S. citizens shall have the same rights as white citizens to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property, regardless of race or color.
Unlike later fair housing laws, this Act includes no exemptions-it applies to all property transactions, public or private.
This law is a foundation of modern fair housing legislation, and its absolute prohibition on racial discrimination still applies today.
Reference (Maryland Source):
- Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Fair Housing and Ethics section.
- Civil Rights Act of 1866, 42 U.S.C. §1982.
質問 # 106
Maryland real estate licensees should be aware that, in addition to the federally protected classes, the state's fair housing laws also prohibit discrimination based on the protected classes of _______.
- A. Marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, and source of income
- B. Students, retired persons, and the unemployed
- C. Gun owners and military status
- D. Smokers, students, and the elderly
正解：A
解説：
Maryland's Fair Housing Law (State Government Article, Title 20, Subtitle 7) expands on the federal Fair Housing Act by adding additional protected categories: marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, and source of income. This means licensees cannot discriminate in the sale, rental, or financing of housing based on these traits. The course emphasizes that local jurisdictions (e.g., Baltimore City, Montgomery County) may have even broader protections.
Reference:Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course - "Maryland Fair Housing and Ethics Requirements" Module; Maryland State Government Article 20-701 - 20-705.
質問 # 107
Which one of these describes a deed?
- A. Promissory note
- B. Recording fee
- C. Ownership document
- D. Abstract of title
正解：C
解説：
A deed is the legal document that transfers ownership (title) of real property from one party (the grantor) to another (the grantee). It serves as evidence of title and must meet specific legal requirements to be valid.
These requirements include identification of the grantor and grantee, a legal description of the property, the granting clause, and the grantor's signature.
In Maryland, a valid deed must be in writing, signed by the grantor, and delivered and accepted by the grantee. While recording a deed with the county land records is not required to make it valid between the parties, it is necessary to give public notice of ownership and protect against later claims.
By contrast:
* An abstract of title is a summary of recorded documents relating to the property's history.
* A promissory note is a borrower's written promise to repay a debt.
* A recording fee is a charge for entering the deed into public records.
The deed itself is the ownership document, providing the legal means by which real property title is conveyed.
Reference (Maryland Source):
* Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Transfer of Title" Module
* Annotated Code of Maryland, Real Property Article 3-101 - Formal Requisites of Deeds.
質問 # 108
A licensee wants to meet with her potential buyer clients face-to-face in her office. What's her reason for doing this?
- A. She wants the buyers to meet her office mate.
- B. She wants to sell the buyers on a local neighborhood that she likes.
- C. She wants to make sure the buyers are serious about purchasing.
- D. She wants to run a credit check on the buyers.
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed
Meeting potential buyer clients in-person allows the licensee to establish agency, verify identity, discuss representation agreements, and assess buyer motivation and qualifications. Maryland's brokerage-operation standards emphasize that the licensee should determine whether prospects are ready, willing, and able to purchase before proceeding, ensuring compliance with agency-disclosure and record-keeping requirements.
質問 # 109
Why are legal descriptions required in real estate contracts?
- A. To establish the legal boundaries for future construction on the property
- B. To guarantee the buyer is receiving the exact property they believe they are purchasing
- C. To ensure the piece of property can be clearly identified from all other properties
- D. To calculate the exact property taxes owed by the new owner
正解：C
解説：
A legal description uniquely identifies a parcel of real estate so it can be distinguished from every other property.
In Maryland, contracts and deeds must contain a valid legal description, such as:
Metes and bounds,
Lot and block, or
Rectangular survey (government survey).This ensures the transfer is legally enforceable and leaves no ambiguity about what property is being conveyed.Without a legal description, a real estate contract or deed may be deemed invalid or unenforceable in court.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Real Property and the Law" Module Maryland Real Property Article 3-101 - Formal Requisites of Instruments of Conveyance.
質問 # 110
Species habitat, beauty, erosion control, and pollution treatment are all reasons why wetlands are __________.
- A. Not regulated
- B. Not valuable resources
- C. Developed
- D. Protected
正解：D
解説：
Wetlands provide critical ecosystem services-they serve as wildlife habitat, enhance aesthetics, control erosion, store floodwaters, and filter pollutants. Because of these public benefits, wetlands are protected under federal and state law, and Maryland licensees are trained to recognize that development near wetlands often triggers permitting, setbacks, and disclosure obligations.
References (Maryland Pre-Licensing Core Content):
* Maryland 60-Hour Course: "Environmental Issues and Disclosures" (wetlands functions; permitting; protected resources).
* Overview of federal/state wetland protections as discussed in course materials.
質問 # 111
When a lower-quality property is adjacent to a higher-quality property, it can diminish the value of the higher- quality property. What economic principle of value is this?
- A. Regression
- B. Contribution
- C. Progression
- D. Anticipation
正解：A
解説：
The principle of regression states that a property of higher value may decrease in worth when located near or among lower-quality properties. Conversely, the principle of progression means a lower-valued property can gain value by proximity to higher-quality ones.
This concept is emphasized in the Maryland pre-licensing module "Real Estate Appraisal and Valuation" to explain how neighborhood characteristics influence market value.
Reference:Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course - "Real Estate Appraisal and Valuation" Topic; Appraisal Principles and FIRREA-based Standards.
質問 # 112
Shelly buys Mark's house, which is still in an option period with Monique. Monique decides to exercise her option after Shelly moves in. What will happen?
- A. Mark will have to refund Monique's option fee.
- B. Shelly and Mark must form a new option agreement.
- C. Nothing will happen, as long as Shelly has a fully executed sales contract with Mark.
- D. Shelly will have to sell the house to Monique.
正解：D
解説：
An option contract gives the optionee (Monique) the exclusive right to purchase a property within a specified period and under specific terms, but not the obligation to do so.
When properly executed and supported by consideration (the option fee), the option is a binding contract on the property owner (Mark) and any subsequent owners who take title with constructive notice of the existing option.
Therefore, when Monique exercises her valid option within the option period, Shelly must honor it-the property must be sold to Monique under the agreed terms.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Real Estate Contracts" Module Maryland Contract Law Principles - Option Contracts and Specific Performance.
質問 # 113
Between commercial and residential properties, which type of property is depreciated for a longer time?
- A. Residential income-producing properties are depreciated longer (39 years) than commercial income-producing properties (27.5 years) are.
- B. You cannot depreciate income-producing properties.
- C. Commercial income-producing properties are depreciated longer (39 years) than residential income-producing properties (27.5 years) are.
- D. Both commercial and residential income-producing properties are depreciated according to the same schedule.
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
Under the Internal Revenue Code (IRC §168), depreciation is a method for recovering the cost of income-producing property over time.
Residential income-producing properties (such as apartment buildings) are depreciated over 27.5 years.
Commercial income-producing properties (such as office buildings) are depreciated over 39 years.These timelines are based on the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) used for tax purposes.This concept is included in the Maryland Pre-Licensing Course within the Appraisal and Valuation section, to ensure licensees understand property valuation and investment considerations.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Real Estate Appraisal and Valuation" Module Internal Revenue Code §168 - MACRS Depreciation Rules.
質問 # 114
The lender will require flood insurance if the home is ________.
- A. New construction
- B. Located in a valley
- C. Located in a flood plain
- D. More than 100 years old
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed
Lenders that make federally related loans must require flood insurance if the property is located in a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA), as designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
Flood insurance protects the lender's collateral and the borrower's investment.
The Maryland pre-licensing course covers flood hazards in the "Environmental Issues and Disclosures" unit.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Environmental Issues and Disclosures" Module National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. §4001 et seq.) - FEMA Floodplain Management.
質問 # 115
Which of the following best describes the concept of appreciation?
- A. When the value of a property decreases over time.
- B. When a property's value increases as a result of capital improvements.
- C. When the value of a property increases over time.
- D. When losses are deducted from a property's value for tax purposes.
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
Appreciation refers to the increase in a property's value over time due to factors such as market demand, improvements, inflation, or location desirability.
It is the opposite of depreciation, which is a decline in value. Appreciation may result from physical improvements (e.g., renovations) or external factors (e.g., neighborhood development).
This concept is emphasized in the Maryland 60-Hour Course within the "Real Estate Appraisal and Valuation" module as a key element of market analysis and investment potential.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Real Estate Appraisal and Valuation" Module Federal Appraisal Guidelines - Market Value Concepts.
質問 # 116
Kerry is a real estate licensee who has committed an ethical violation. Which of the following is a true statement about her potential penalties?
- A. She could receive a reprimand, be fined, and/or her license could be suspended or revoked.
- B. If it is a first-time offense, she will not face any penalties.
- C. Her license will be suspended.
- D. She could go to prison.
正解：A
解説：
Under Maryland Business Occupations and Professions Article 17-322 and the Code of Maryland Regulations (COMAR) 09.11.02, the Maryland Real Estate Commission (MREC) may impose disciplinary action on a licensee who violates license law or the Commission's Code of Ethics. Sanctions can include a formal reprimand, monetary fine, license suspension, or license revocation. Imprisonment does not apply to ethical or administrative violations unless accompanied by criminal fraud. Each case is reviewed individually by the Commission.
Reference:Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course - "Fair Housing and Ethics" Module; Maryland Business Occupations and Professions 17-322; COMAR 09.11.02.33 (Disciplinary Actions).
質問 # 117
Why does HUD test for housing discrimination?
- A. To uncover hidden discrimination
- B. To educate the public
- C. To create revenue through fines
- D. To punish blatant discrimination
正解：A
解説：
HUD and fair housing organizations use paired testing to identify covert or subtle discriminatory practices that may not be openly admitted-i.e., hidden discrimination-such as disparate treatment in availability, terms, steering, or information provided. Testing is an investigative tool to enforce the Fair Housing Act, not a revenue or punitive scheme in itself.
References: Maryland pre-licensing curriculum-Fair Housing and Ethics (HUD enforcement tools; paired testing; identifying and preventing discriminatory practices).
質問 # 118
If a consumer wants to file a deceptive ad complaint, which entity should be contacted?
- A. The Department of Justice
- B. The BBB
- C. The local police department
- D. The FBI
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
The Better Business Bureau (BBB) accepts complaints related to false, misleading, or deceptive advertising practices and can investigate, mediate, or forward concerns to regulatory agencies.
The Maryland pre-licensing course advises licensees that maintaining truthful and transparent advertising is an ethical and legal requirement under both Maryland Real Estate Commission regulations and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) rules.
Consumers may also contact the Maryland Real Estate Commission (MREC) for license law violations, but general deceptive ad complaints typically begin with the BBB.
Reference (Maryland Source):
- Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Ethical Advertising and Consumer Protection section.
- COMAR 09.11.02.01 - Ethical Standards of Advertising.
- Federal Trade Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. §45.
質問 # 119
What might you find in the legal description of a deed?
- A. Metes and bounds property description
- B. Title abstract
- C. County clerk's name
- D. Name of developer
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed
A legal description precisely identifies a parcel of real estate so it can be uniquely located and distinguished from other property. In Maryland, deeds typically include one of several accepted types of legal descriptions: metes and bounds, lot and block, or rectangular survey (where applicable).
Metes and bounds describe the property boundaries using directions, distances, and reference points (monuments).
This ensures that the property can be clearly identified for conveyance and recording purposes.
Items such as the county clerk's name, developer name, or title abstract are not part of the deed's legal description.
質問 # 120
Google and "If This, Then That" alerts can assist you with which of the following?
- A. Posting your online listings for rent
- B. Removing your listings from a rental website
- C. Monitoring your online listings for rental scams
- D. Guaranteeing that the property owner receives all rental income
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
The Property Management section of the Maryland pre-licensing course teaches that licensees must monitor their listings for fraudulent online activity, such as rental scams where criminals copy legitimate ads and re-post them with false contact details.
Setting up automated alerts through tools like Google Alerts or If This, Then That (IFTTT) can help licensees detect unauthorized use of their listings or identifying information.
These monitoring tools allow quick corrective action and protect both the brokerage and the public from scams.
Reference (Maryland Source):
- Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Property Management and Advertising Compliance section.
- Maryland Code of Ethics, COMAR 09.11.02.01-.02.
質問 # 121
What do you call the person or entity that oversees trust or escrow money?
- A. Escrow agent
- B. Special agent
- C. Mortgage agent
- D. Escrow master
正解：A
解説：
The escrow agent (often the broker, title company, or attorney) is the fiduciary who receives and holds trust money in a regulated escrow account until contract terms are fulfilled. In Maryland, the broker is responsible for maintaining escrow records and depositing all trust money promptly in accordance with COMAR
09.11.02.19. "Escrow master" and "mortgage agent" are not legal titles under Maryland law, and "special agent" refers to the agency relationship, not handling of funds.
Reference:Maryland 60-Hour Course - "Real Estate Brokerage Operations" section; Maryland Business Occupations and Professions Article 17-505 (Escrow Accounts).
質問 # 122
A statement such as "This is a dream home with the best views in town" made by a licensee is an example of what?
- A. A lie
- B. Intentional misrepresentation
- C. Positive misrepresentation
- D. Puffery
正解：D
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
Puffery refers to subjective statements of opinion or sales talk that a reasonable person would not take as a factual representation.
Phrases like "best views," "dream home," or "finest neighborhood" are considered puffing, not misrepresentation.
Maryland's pre-licensing course distinguishes puffery (legally permissible) from misrepresentation, which involves false statements of material fact that can lead to disciplinary action or liability.
Reference (Maryland Source):
- Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Ethical Conduct and Misrepresentation section.
- Maryland Business Occupations and Professions Article §17-322 (Grounds for Disciplinary Action).
質問 # 123
Sandra enters a contract to sell her home to Paul. Under the statute of frauds, the written contract must name the contracting parties, identify the subject matter of the contract, and ________.
- A. Be signed by two or more attorneys
- B. Be handwritten
- C. Achieve a result that is fair to all parties
- D. Present the essential terms and conditions of the contract
正解：D
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed
The Statute of Frauds requires that certain contracts-including those for the sale or transfer of real property-be in writing and include:
The names of the parties,
Identification of the property, and
The essential terms and conditions (such as price and contingencies).This ensures the agreement is legally enforceable in court.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Real Estate Contracts" Module Maryland Courts and Judicial Proceedings Article §5-901 - Statute of Frauds (Real Property).
質問 # 124
Members of the Maryland Real Estate Commission serve _______ -year terms.
- A. Five
- B. Six
- C. Two
- D. Four
正解：D
解説：
According to the Maryland Real Estate Brokers Act, which governs the Maryland Real Estate Commission (MREC), the Commission consists of nine members appointed by the Governor of Maryland with the advice and consent of the Senate. Each member serves a four-year term and may remain in office until a successor is appointed and qualified. Members may be reappointed for additional terms.
The composition of the Commission is as follows:
Five licensed real estate professionals, each representing one of Maryland's five geographic regions.
Four consumer members, who are not licensed real estate professionals and have no substantial financial interest in the real estate industry.
This organizational and term structure ensures both professional and public representation within the Commission's regulatory activities. The information is directly derived from Title 17 of the Business Occupations and Professions Article, 17-202 of the Annotated Code of Maryland - the same statute summarized in the Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course under the
"Maryland License Law and Regulations" section.
Reference (Maryland Source):
Maryland Business Occupations and Professions Article, Title 17, 17-202 - Maryland Real Estate Commission; Membership; Terms.
質問 # 125
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