PDF問題（2026年最新）実際のHuawei H12-821_V1.0試験問題
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質問 # 118
Which of the following statements regarding the display bgp routing-table command output is true?
- A. The route to the destination address 192.168.1.0 is not the optimal route in the BGP routing table.
- B. The route to the destination address 192.168.1.0 is learned through AS 200.
- C. The route to the destination address 192.168.1.0 is injected into the BGP routing table using the network command.
- D. The MED value of the route to the destination address 192.168.1.0 is 100.
正解：C
解説：
The Origin attribute in the display bgp routing-table output is marked as i, indicating that the route was injected into the BGP routing table using the network command. The other options are incorrect because the AS path is not displayed, the MED is 0, and the route is marked as the best (>), meaning it is the optimal route
.
質問 # 119
Once the BGP connection is established, without load balancing configured, the BGP Speaker only advertises the best route in the BGP routing table to the neighbor.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
正解：B
質問 # 120
Class 7 LSAs are generally not allowed to be transmitted in the backbone area, but you can use the suppress-forwarding-address command to allow Class 7 LSAs to be transmitted in Area 0.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
正解：B
質問 # 121
The Origin attribute is used to define the origin of BGP path information. There are three types of Origin attributes.
Which of the following lists the Origin attributes in descending order of priority?
- A. IGP > EGP > Incomplete
- B. Incomplete > EGP > IGP
- C. EGP > IGP > Incomplete
- D. Incomplete > IGP > EGP
正解：A
解説：
BGP Origin Attribute Priority:
The Origin attribute determines the source of the route and affects the selection of the best path.
The priority order is as follows:
IGP (i): Highest priority. Routes injected using the network command.
EGP (e): Lower priority. Routes learned from the EGP protocol.
Incomplete (?): Lowest priority. Routes redistributed into BGP from other protocols.
質問 # 122
Which of the following statement regarding the display ospf peer command output is true?
- A. The DR address is 10.1.1.1
- B. Through negotiation during DD packet exchange, the local end becomes the slave.
- C. Address: 10.1,1.1 Indicates that the local interface address is 10.1.1.1.
- D. Router ID indicates that the local router ID Is 10.1.1.1.
正解：B
解説：
The command output indicates that the OSPF neighbor state is Full and that the neighbor relationship has been established. The statement confirms that the negotiation process during the exchange of DD (Database Description) packets has determined the role of the router, with the local device becoming the slave in the Master-Slave relationship, which is critical for LSA synchronization. The other options do not align with the output or OSPF principles
質問 # 123
Which of the following tools cannot be directly referenced by the apply clause of a route-policy?
- A. tag
- B. IP-Prefix
- C. community
- D. origin
正解：B
質問 # 124
An OSPF AS-external LSA describes a route to an AS external network.
When the field in the LSA is 0.0.0.0, the traffic destined for the external network is sent to the ASBR that imports this external route.
(Enter the acronym in uppercase.)
正解：
解説：
NSSA
Explanation:
An OSPF AS-external LSA is used to describe routes to networks that are external to the OSPF Autonomous System (AS). This external route information is typically imported into OSPF by anAutonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR).
If theForwarding Addressfield in the AS-external LSA is set to 0.0.0.0, this indicates that traffic destined for the external network should be forwarded directly to the ASBR that advertised the external route.
The specific context mentioned here relates to theNot-So-Stubby Area (NSSA), a type of OSPF area designed to handle AS-external routes in a more controlled way. In NSSAs:
Type 7 LSAs are used to describe AS-external routes.
The ASBR within the NSSA converts the Type 7 LSA to a Type 5 LSA before advertising it to the backbone area.
Hence, the correct acronym for the described functionality isNSSA.
References:
Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter on "OSPF Area Types".
RFC 3101 - OSPF Not-So-Stubby Area (NSSA) Option.
質問 # 125
TLV is an important data structure in IS-IS.
Which of the following options does it represent?
- A. Time, Length and Volume
- B. Time, Level and Value
- C. Text, Level and Volume
- D. Type, Length and Value
正解：D
質問 # 126
On a WLAN, engineers can use the VLAN pool mechanism to assign access users to different VLANs, which helps reduce the number of broadcast domains and improve network performance.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
正解：B
質問 # 127
BGP routes have multiple path attributes. When a router advertises a BGP route to its peers, the route carries multiple path attributes. These attributes describe the characteristics of the BGP route and affect route selection in some scenarios. The attribute is Huawei-specific. It is valid only on the local device and is not transmitted to BGP peers. (Enter the attribute name in lowercase as it appears in the command output about the BGP routing table.)
正解：
解説：
preference
Explanation:
BGP routes have a variety of path attributes that describe their characteristics and influence route selection.
These attributes include well-known mandatory attributes like AS-PATH and NEXT-HOP, as well as optional attributes like MED and LOCAL_PREF.
In Huawei devices, there is a Huawei-specific attribute called "preference", which is a local parameter used to influence BGP route selection on the device.
* Key Characteristics of "preference":
* It is valid only locally on the router.
* It is not shared with BGP peers.
* It helps the router determine the best route when multiple routes exist for the same prefix.
* It appears in the BGP routing table output in lowercase as preference.
Thus, the correct answer is preference (entered in lowercase as required).
References:
* Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter on "BGP Attributes".
質問 # 128
Routing tools that are not only used for BGP routing protocol have (Multiple choice)
- A. ACL
- B. community-filter
- C. IP-Prefix
- D. as-path-filter
正解：A、C
質問 # 129
As shown in the following figure, a new AP is deployed In dual link MSB networking (load balancing mode).
Which AC will the connect to?
- A. AC1
- B. None
- C. Random access
- D. AC2
正解：D
解説：
In dual-link MSB networking with load balancing, the new AP will connect to the AC with the lower number of connected APs. In this case, AC2 has only 20 connected APs, while AC1 has 100. Therefore, the new AP will connect to AC2 .
質問 # 130
iMaster NCE-Campus can be used as an authentication server on a WLAN to authenticate STAs.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* iMaster NCE-Campus Overview:
* iMaster NCE-Campus is Huawei's network management platform for managing and controlling campus networks.
* It supports user authentication, including STA (Station) authentication, in WLAN environments.
* Authentication Modes Supported:
* iMaster NCE-Campus integrates with AAA (RADIUS) servers to perform authentication for wireless clients.
* Correct Statement:
* The platform can function as an authentication server for WLAN STAs.
References:
* HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter: WLAN Management with iMaster NCE-Campus
* Huawei iMaster NCE-Campus Product Overview
質問 # 131
The output of a device viewing LSDB is shown in the figure.
According to the content analysis in the figure, what information can we obtain? (Multiple choice)
- A. Router 4.4.4.4 belongs to Guqian District City
- B. Router 2.2.2.2 is an ASBR, but does not belong to the same area as 4.4.4.4
- C. Route summarization is not used in the entire OSPF domain
- D. The LSA 10.1.0.4 has survived on this router for 875 seconds
- E. Router 1.1.1.1 belongs to the non-backbone area
正解：B、D、E
質問 # 132
Which of the following is not the main function of NDP?
- A. Neighbor Status Tracking
- B. Duplicate address detection
- C. Address
- D. Path MTU Discovery
正解：D
質問 # 133
The only network type that does not elect DR/BDR is p2p type.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
正解：B
質問 # 134
RSTP converges faster than STP because of? (Multiple choice)
- A. If a designated port in the network fails, the optimal Alternate port in the network will become the designated port and enter the Forwarding state
- B. The concept of edge port is introduced in RSTP. The edge port does not participate in the RSTP operation, and can be directly transferred from Disable to Forwarding state
- C. In RSTP, after a port is elected as a designated port, it will first enter the Discarding state, and then quickly enter the Forwarding state through the Proposal/ Agreement mechanism
- D. If a root port in the network fails, the optimal Alternate port in the network will become the root port and enter the Forwarding state
正解：B、C、D
質問 # 135
Which of the following is not a role of a stack switch?
- A. Slave
- B. Standby
- C. Backup
- D. Master
正解：C
質問 # 136
A socket is composed of 5-tuples, so which of the following options does not belong to the range of 5- tuples?
- A. Destination port
- B. Source IP
- C. Source MAC
- D. Destination IP
正解：C
質問 # 137
The port role that cannot be in the forwarding state in RSTP is? (Multiple choice)
- A. Backup Port
- B. Designated Port
- C. Alternate Port
- D. RootPort
正解：A、C
質問 # 138
The Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is an important basic protocol in the IPv6 protocol suite and plays an important role. Which of the following functions and features does it support?
- A. Address resolution
- B. Duplicate address detection
- C. Redirection
- D. Neighbor state tracing
正解：A、B、C、D
解説：
Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP):
* NDP is a key protocol in the IPv6 protocol suite, replacing ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) in IPv4.
* It operates using ICMPv6 (Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6) and is critical for managing interactions between IPv6 nodes on the same link.
質問 # 139
The following figure shows the BGP state switching mechanism. Drag the following BGP states to the corresponding sequence numbers.
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
* 1 - Idle
* 2 - Connect
* 3 - OpenSent
* 4 - OpenConfirm
* 5 - Established
* 6 - Active
The BGP finite state machine defines how a BGP speaker transitions through various states when establishing and maintaining a BGP session. Below is the role of each state:
* Idle (1) - BGP is waiting to start a connection. Initial state of the BGP process.
* Connect (2) - BGP initiates a TCP connection to the peer.
* OpenSent (3) - TCP connection is established; BGP sends an OPEN message and waits for one from the peer.
* OpenConfirm (4) - BGP has received a valid OPEN message and is now expecting a KEEPALIVE.
* Established (5) - BGP session is fully established; UPDATE messages can now be exchanged.
* Active (6) - If the TCP connection fails in Connect state, BGP transitions to Active and will retry connection.
Reference from Huawei HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Study Guide:
"BGP goes through the following states in order: Idle # Connect # Active # OpenSent # OpenConfirm # Established. The transition depends on the success or failure of TCP connection setup and BGP message exchanges." (Chapter: BGP Principles - Section: BGP State Machine)
質問 # 140
Which of the following is used as the destination port for single-hop BFD?
- A. TCP port 3784
- B. UDP port 4784
- C. TCP port 4784
- D. UDP port 3784
正解：D
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Single-Hop BFD:
* Single-hop BFD is used for detecting link failures in directly connected devices.
* It uses UDP port 3784 for communication.
* Multi-Hop BFD:
* For multi-hop scenarios, BFD uses UDP port 4784 to ensure end-to-end connectivity.
Incorrect Options:
* TCP ports 3784 and 4784 (C and D): BFD does not use TCP.
References:
* HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter: BFD Ports and Functions
* Huawei BFD Configuration Details
質問 # 141
On an STP network, the root bridge, root port, and designated port are elected in sequence. The election rules of these ports are different. List the steps for electing the root port in sequence.
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
The sequence of steps for electing the root port in an STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) network is as follows:
Bridge ID Comparison: TheBridge ID(BID) is compared between the bridges in the network. A smaller value indicates a higher priority, meaning the bridge with the lowest Bridge ID is elected as the root bridge.
RPC (Root Path Cost) Comparison: The path cost to reach the root bridge is calculated. The router with the lowest Root Path Cost (RPC) to the root bridge will have a higher priority for the election of the root port.
Peer BID Comparison: If there is a tie in the Root Path Cost, thePeer BIDis compared. A smaller Peer BID indicates a higher priority. This step ensures that if two routers have the same RPC, the one with the lower Peer Bridge ID wins.
Local BID Comparison: If there is still a tie, theLocal BIDis compared. A smaller Local BID indicates a higher priority. This final step ensures that the router with the lowest local identifier is selected.
Bridge ID Comparison:The first step in electing the root port is comparing the Bridge IDs. The bridge with the lowestBridge IDbecomes theroot bridge. The Bridge ID is made up of thebridge priorityandMAC address.
The root bridge is the center of the network for STP, and all other ports will calculate their paths based on this root.
HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (STP Concepts and Election Process).
RPC (Root Path Cost) Comparison:Once the root bridge is selected, the network needs to determine the best path to the root. Each port on a non-root bridge will calculate theRoot Path Cost (RPC), which is the cumulative cost of reaching the root bridge from that port. The root port is the one that has the lowest RPC, meaning it provides the best path to the root bridge.
Reference:HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (STP Path Selection).
Peer BID Comparison:If multiple paths have the sameRoot Path Cost, the next step is to compare thePeer Bridge IDs. The bridge with thelowest Peer BIDis chosen as the root port. This ensures a tie-breaking mechanism based on the neighbor's identifier.
Reference:HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (STP Election Process).
Local BID Comparison:If there is still a tie after comparing thePeer Bridge IDs, theLocal Bridge IDis compared. A smallerLocal BIDindicates a higher priority, and the port with the lower Local BID will be selected as the root port.
Reference:HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (STP Local Port Selection).
質問 # 142
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