Professional-Cloud-Developer試験問題でリアルに更新された問題PDF
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質問 # 151
Your application is logging to Stackdriver. You want to get the count of all requests on all /api/alpha/* endpoints.
What should you do?
- A. Add a Stackdriver counter metric for path:/api/alpha/.
- B. Export the logs to Cloud Storage and count lines matching /api/alpha.
- C. Export the logs to Cloud Pub/Sub and count lines matching /api/alpha.
- D. Add a Stackdriver counter metric for endpoint:/api/alpha/*.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
質問 # 152
Your API backend is running on multiple cloud providers. You want to generate reports for the network latency of your API.
Which two steps should you take? (Choose two.)
- A. Use Zipkin collector to gather data.
- B. Use Fluentd agent to gather data.
- C. Use Stackdriver Profiler to generate report.
- D. Use Stackdriver Trace to generate reports.
- E. Use Stackdriver Debugger to generate report.
正解：C、D
質問 # 153
One of your deployed applications in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) is having intermittent performance issues. Your team uses a third-party logging solution. You want to install this solution on each node in your GKE cluster so you can view the logs. What should you do?
- A. Deploy the third-party solution as a DaemonSet
- B. Deploy the third-party solution using Terraform and deploy the logging Pod as a Kubernetes Deployment
- C. Use SSH to connect to the GKE node, and install the software manually
- D. Modify your container image to include the monitoring software
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/concepts/daemonset#usage_patterns DaemonSets are useful for deploying ongoing background tasks that you need to run on all or certain nodes, and which do not require user intervention. Examples of such tasks include storage daemons like ceph, log collection daemons like fluent-bit, and node monitoring daemons like collectd.
質問 # 154
You are deploying a Python application to Cloud Run using Cloud Build. The Cloud Build pipeline is shown below:
You want to optimize deployment times and avoid unnecessary steps What should you do?
- A. Deploy a new Docker registry in a VPC and use Cloud Build worker pools inside the VPC to run the build pipeline.
- B. Add the -cache-from argument to the Docker build step in your build config file.
- C. Store image artifacts in a Cloud Storage bucket in the same region as the Cloud Run instance.
- D. Remove the step that pushes the container to Artifact Registry.
正解：B
解説：
https://cloud.google.com/build/docs/optimize-builds/speeding-up-builds#using_a_cached_docker_image
質問 # 155
You are designing a chat room application that will host multiple rooms and retain the message history for each room. You have selected Firestore as your database. How should you represent the data in Firestore?
- A. Create a collection for the rooms, and create a document for each room. Create a separate collection for messages, with one document per message. Each room's document contains a list of references to the messages.
- B. Create a collection for the rooms. For each room, create a document that lists the contents of the messages
- C. Create a collection for the rooms. For each room, create a collection that contains a document for each message
- D. Create a collection for the rooms. For each room, create a document that contains a collection for documents, each of which contains a message.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
https://firebase.google.com/docs/firestore/data-model#hierarchical-data
質問 # 156
Your application takes an input from a user and publishes it to the user's contacts. This input is stored in a table in Cloud Spanner. Your application is more sensitive to latency and less sensitive to consistency.
How should you perform reads from Cloud Spanner for this application?
- A. Perform strong reads using single-read methods.
- B. Perform stale reads using read-write transactions.
- C. Perform stale reads using single-read methods.
- D. Perform Read-Only transactions.
正解：B
解説：
Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/best-practices-cloud-spanner-gaming-database
Topic 1, HipLocal Case StudyCompany Overview
HipLocal is a community application designed to facilitate communication between people in close proximity.
It is used for event planning and organizing sporting events, and for businesses to connect with their local communities. HipLocal launched recently in a few neighborhoods in Dallas and is rapidly growing into a global phenomenon. Its unique style of hyper-local community communication and business outreach is in demand around the world.
Executive statement
We are the number one local community app; it's time to take our local community services global. Our venture capital investors want to see rapid growth and the same great experience for new local and virtual communities that come online, whether their members are 10 or 10,000 miles away from each other.
Solution concept
HipLocal wants to expand their existing service, with updated functionality, in new regions to better serve their global customers. They want to hire and train a new team to support these regions in their time zones.
They will need to ensure that the application scales smoothly and provides clear uptime data.
Existing technical environment
HipLocal's environment is a mix of on-premises hardware and infrastructure running in Google Cloud Platform. The HipLocal team understands their application well but has limited experience in global scale applications. Their existing technical environment is as follows:
* Existing APIs run on Compute Engine virtual machine instances hosted in GCP
* State is stored in a single instance MySQL database in GCP
* Data is exported to an on-premises Teradata/Vertica data warehouse
* Data analytics is performed in an on-premises Hadoop environment
* The application has no logging
* There are basic indicators of uptime; alerts are frequently fired when the APIs are unresponsive Business requirements HipLocal's investors want to expand their footprint and support the increase in demand they are seeing. Their requirements are:
* Expand availability of the application to new regions
* Increase the number of concurrent users that can be supported
* Ensure a consistent experience for users when they travel to different regions
* Obtain user activity metrics to better understand how to monetize their product
* Ensure compliance with regulations in the new regions (for example, GDPR)
* Reduce infrastructure management time and cost
* Adopt the Google-recommended practices for cloud computing
Technical requirements
* The application and backend must provide usage metrics and monitoring
* APIs require strong authentication and authorization
* Logging must be increased, and data should be stored in a cloud analytics platform
* Move to serverless architecture to facilitate elastic scaling
* Provide authorized access to internal apps in a secure manner
質問 # 157
You are developing a new application. You want the application to be triggered only when a given file is updated in your Cloud Storage bucket. Your trigger might change, so your process must support different types of triggers. You want the configuration to be simple so that multiple team members can update the triggers in the future. What should you do?
- A. Configure Cloud Storage events to be sent to Pub/Sub, and use Pub/Sub events to trigger a Cloud Build job that executes your application.
- B. Configure a Firebase function that executes your application and is triggered when an object is updated in Cloud Storage.
- C. Configure a Cloud Function that executes your application and is triggered when an object is updated in Cloud Storage.
- D. Create an Eventarc trigger that monitors your Cloud Storage bucket for a specific filename, and set the target as Cloud Run.
正解：B
質問 # 158
You need to copy directory local-scripts and all of its contents from your local workstation to a Compute Engine virtual machine instance.
Which command should you use?
- A. gcloud compute scp --project "my-gcp-project" --recurse ~/local-scripts/ gcpinstance- name:~/server-scripts/ --zone "us-east1-b"
- B. gcloud compute mv --project "my-gcp-project" --recurse ~/local-scripts/ gcpinstance- name:~/server-scripts/ --zone "us-east1-b"
- C. gsutil cp --project "my-gcp-project" -R ~/local-scripts/ gcp-instance-name:~/ server-scripts/ --zone "us-east1-b"
- D. gsutil cp --project "my-gcp-project" -r ~/local-scripts/ gcp-instance-name:~/ server-scripts/ --zone "us-east1-b"
正解：A
解説：
Reference: https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/copy-files
質問 # 159
You are developing a new web application using Cloud Run and committing code to Cloud Source Repositories. You want to deploy new code in the most efficient way possible. You have already created a Cloud Build YAML file that builds a container and runs the following command: gcloud run deploy. What should you do next?
- A. Create a Pub/Sub topic to be notified when code is pushed to the repository. Create a Pub/Sub trigger that runs the build file when an event is published to the topic.
- B. Create a build trigger that runs the build file in response to a repository code being pushed to the development branch.
- C. Create a Cron job that runs the following command every 24 hours: gcloud builds submit.
- D. Create a webhook build trigger that runs the build file in response to HTTP POST calls to the webhook URL.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
https://cloud.google.com/build/docs/triggers
Cloud Build uses build triggers to enable CI/CD automation. You can configure triggers to listen for incoming events, such as when a new commit is pushed to a repository or when a pull request is initiated, and then automatically execute a build when new events come in. You can also configure triggers to build code on any changes to your source repository or only on changes that match certain criteria.
質問 # 160
You are writing a Compute Engine hosted application in project A that needs to securely authenticate to a Cloud Pub/Sub topic in project B.
What should you do?
- A. Configure Application Default Credentials to use the private key of a service account owned by project A.
Add the service account as a publisher on the topic - B. Configure the instances with a service account owned by project A. Add the service account as a publisher on the topic.
- C. Configure the instances with a service account owned by project B. Add the service account as a Cloud Pub/Sub publisher to project A.
- D. Configure Application Default Credentials to use the private key of a service account owned by project B.
Add the service account as a Cloud Pub/Sub publisher to project A.
正解：B
質問 # 161
You are using Cloud Build build to promote a Docker image to Development, Test, and Production environments. You need to ensure that the same Docker image is deployed to each of these environments. How should you identify the Docker image in your build?
- A. Use a unique Docker image name.
- B. Use a semantic version Docker image tag.
- C. Use the digest of the Docker image.
- D. Use the latest Docker image tag.
正解：B
質問 # 162
You want to migrate an on-premises container running in Knative to Google Cloud. You need to make sure that the migration doesn't affect your application's deployment strategy, and you want to use a fully managed service. Which Google Cloud service should you use to deploy your container?
- A. Compute Engine
- B. Cloud Run
- C. Google Kubernetes Engine
- D. App Engine flexible environment
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/serverless/knative-based-cloud-run-services-are-ga
質問 # 163
You are developing an application that needs to store files belonging to users in Cloud Storage. You want each user to have their own subdirectory in Cloud Storage. When a new user is created, the corresponding empty subdirectory should also be created. What should you do?
- A. Create an object with the name of the subdirectory that is zero bytes in length and has WRITER access control list permission.
- B. Create an object with the name of the subdirectory ending with a trailing slash ('/') that is zero bytes in length.
- C. Create an object with the name of the subdirectory that is zero bytes in length. Set the Content-Type metadata to CLOUDSTORAGE_FOLDER.
- D. Create an object with the name of the subdirectory, and then immediately delete the object within that subdirectory.
正解：B
解説：
https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/folders
If you create an empty folder using the Google Cloud console, Cloud Storage creates a zero-byte object as a placeholder. For example, if you create a folder called folder in a bucket called my-bucket, a zero- byte object called gs://my-bucket/folder/ is created. This placeholder is discoverable by other tools when listing the objects in the bucket, for example when using the gsutil ls command.
質問 # 164
Your operations team has asked you to create a script that lists the Cloud Bigtable, Memorystore, and Cloud SQL databases running within a project. The script should allow users to submit a filter expression to limit the results presented. How should you retrieve the data?
- A. Run gcloud bigtable instances list, gcloud redis instances list, and gcloud sql databases list. Use --filter flag with each command, and then display the results
- B. Use the HBase API, Redis API, and MySQL connection to retrieve database lists. Filter the results individually, and then combine them to display the results
- C. Use the HBase API, Redis API, and MySQL connection to retrieve database lists. Combine the results, and then apply the filter to display the results
- D. Run gcloud bigtable instances list, gcloud redis instances list, and gcloud sql databases list. Use a filter within the application, and then display the results
正解：A
解説：
https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/topic/filters
Most gcloud commands return a list of resources on success. By default they are pretty-printed on the standard output. The --format=NAME[ATTRIBUTES](PROJECTION) and --filter=EXPRESSION flags along with projections can be used to format and change the default output to a more meaningful result. Use the --format flag to change the default output format of a command. For details run $ gcloud topic formats.
質問 # 165
HipLocal's data science team wants to analyze user reviews.
How should they prepare the data?
- A. Use the Cloud Data Loss Prevention API for de-identification of the review dataset.
- B. Use the Cloud Natural Language Processing API for de-identification of the review dataset.
- C. Use the Cloud Data Loss Prevention API for redaction of the review dataset.
- D. Use the Cloud Natural Language Processing API for redaction of the review dataset.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
https://cloud.google.com/dlp/docs/deidentify-sensitive-data
質問 # 166
Your company has deployed a new API to App Engine Standard environment. During testing, the API is not behaving as expected. You want to monitor the application over time to diagnose the problem within the application code without redeploying the application.
Which tool should you use?
- A. Stackdriver Monitoring
- B. Stackdriver Trace
- C. Stackdriver Debug Snapshots
- D. Stackdriver Debug Logpoints
正解：A
解説：
Reference: https://rominirani.com/gcp-stackdriver-tutorial-debug-snapshots-traces-logging-and-logpoints-
1ba49e4780e6
質問 # 167
Your company stores their source code in a Cloud Source Repositories repository. Your company wants to build and test their code on each source code commit to the repository and requires a solution that is managed and has minimal operations overhead.
Which method should they use?
- A. Use Cloud Build with a trigger configured for each source code commit.
- B. Use a Compute Engine virtual machine instance with an open source continuous integration tool, configured to watch for source code commits.
- C. Use a source code commit trigger to push a message to a Cloud Pub/Sub topic that triggers an App Engine service to build the source code.
- D. Use Jenkins deployed via the Google Cloud Platform Marketplace, configured to watch for source code commits.
正解：A
質問 # 168
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