リアルITIL-5-Foundation試験PDFテストエンジン 練習テスト問題
ITIL ITIL-5-Foundationリアル2026年最新のブレーン問題集で模擬試験問題集
質問 # 48
Which dimension is concerned with management of relationships with external organizations?
- A. Organizations and people
- B. Value streams and processes
- C. Partners and suppliers
- D. Information and technology
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is partners and suppliers because this ITIL dimension focuses on an organization's relationships with external parties involved in creating, delivering, supporting, or improving products and services. These may include suppliers, strategic partners, outsourced providers, and other contributors in the wider service ecosystem. ITIL emphasizes that no organization operates alone, so managing agreements, dependencies, expectations, and collaboration with third parties is essential. This dimension also considers sourcing strategies, levels of integration, risk, capability availability, and service coordination across networks. The other dimensions focus on different areas: organizations and people addresses structure, culture, and competencies; information and technology addresses data and enabling technologies; and value streams and processes addresses workflows and how work is organized to create value. Therefore, external relationship management sits within partners and suppliers.
質問 # 49
Which statement regarding the relationship between management practices and value chain activities is correct?
- A. Each management practice supports one value chain activity
- B. Each value chain activity is supported and enabled by several management practices
- C. Management practices replace the need for value chain activities
- D. Value chain activities and management practices operate independently of each other
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is A. ITIL Version 5 explains that value chain activities are activities performed by organizations to manage digital products and services through their lifecycle. Each of these activities is enabled and supported by several management practices. Management practices provide the organizational resources and capabilities needed to perform work and accomplish objectives. They include competencies, processes, methods, techniques, technology tools, and involvement of partners and suppliers. Option B is incorrect because a single management practice may support multiple value chain activities. For example, practices such as continual improvement, relationship management, risk management, and change enablement may contribute to several different lifecycle or value chain activities. Option C is incorrect because practices do not replace value chain activities; they enable them. Option D is incorrect because value chain activities and management practices are closely connected within the ITIL Value System. Together, they support effective, efficient, and value-focused product and service management.
質問 # 50
What BEST describes an event?
- A. The addition or removal of anything that could have a direct or indirect effect on services
- B. A sudden unplanned event causing great damage
- C. A request from a user for a normal service action
- D. Any change of state that has significance for the management of a service
正解：D
解説：
An event is best described as any change of state that has significance for the management of a service, so option C is correct. In ITIL, events are not automatically negative. They may indicate normal operations, warnings, thresholds being crossed, or conditions that require attention. Event management helps organizations observe and respond appropriately to what is happening in live systems. A user request is a service request, not an event. A sudden damaging occurrence may be an incident or disaster, depending on context. The addition or removal of something affecting services relates more to a change or configuration item context. By defining events broadly as significant state changes, ITIL enables organizations to monitor services proactively and respond before issues become major service interruptions.
質問 # 51
Which is the purpose of the "transition" activity?
- A. To ensure continual alignment of product roadmaps with the needs of service consumers
- B. To develop, integrate, and test digital products
- C. To seamlessly introduce new products into operational environments
- D. To create prototypes and specifications for products and services
正解：C
解説：
ITIL Version 5 states that the purpose of the "transition" activity is "to seamlessly introduce new or updated products into operational environments and to ensure effective onboarding/offboarding of suppliers." This wording directly supports option A. The transition activity happens after solutions have been built and tested and focuses on moving them safely into the live environment. ITIL also explains that this may include deployment to the organization's own live environment, a customer environment, or a marketplace, depending on the product architecture. In addition, transition covers onboarding and offboarding suppliers when acquired services or resources become part of delivery, operation, or support. The other options match different lifecycle activities. Option B describes discover, which is about alignment with service-consumer needs and strategy. Option C fits design, where prototypes and specifications are produced. Option D describes build, which is the activity of developing, integrating, and testing digital products. Because ITIL explicitly names seamless introduction into operational environments as the core purpose of transition, A is the exact verified answer.
質問 # 52
Which type of risk is imposed on consumers by a service?
- A. Requirement for consumer staff training to use the service effectively
- B. The service provider ceasing to operate
- C. Lack of staff availability in the consumer organization
- D. Failure of hardware owned and managed by the consumer
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is B. ITIL Version 5 explains that service consumers are concerned with two types of risk.
The first type is risk reduced or fully removed from the consumer by the service. Examples include failure of the consumer's own server hardware or lack of staff availability. These risks are part of the provider's value proposition because the service helps the consumer avoid or reduce them. The second type is risk imposed on the consumer by the service, also called risks of service consumption. ITIL gives examples such as the service provider ceasing to operate or experiencing a security breach. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A and option C are examples of risks that a service may reduce or remove for the consumer. Option D is not a risk in this context; it is better understood as a cost imposed on the consumer, because ITIL lists staff training as part of the total cost of consuming a service.
質問 # 53
Which of the following is TRUE about value co-creation?
- A. Value is created jointly through interactions between service providers and service consumers
- B. Value is created only by the service provider and delivered to the consumer
- C. value is created independently of service relationships
- D. Value is defined and consumed by a service provider
正解：A
解説：
Value co-creation means that value is created jointly through interactions between service providers and service consumers, so option D is correct. ITIL moved away from the idea that value is simply produced by the provider and handed over to the consumer. Instead, value emerges through the combination of provider offerings, consumer participation, context, usage, and the wider service relationship. A service may offer strong utility and warranty, but the actual value realized depends on how the consumer uses it and what outcomes are achieved. This is why ITIL emphasizes service relationships, shared responsibilities, and stakeholder perspectives. Value is not created independently of those relationships, and it is not defined solely by the provider. Co-creation reflects the dynamic and interactive nature of modern digital product and service management.
質問 # 54
How does ITIL describe the way the Guiding Principles should be applied together?
- A. They should be applied one at a time in a fixed sequence
- B. They replace the need for governance and management practices
- C. They should be applied independent of each other
- D. They should be used collectively and balanced based on the situation
正解：D
解説：
ITIL describes the guiding principles as something that should be used collectively and balanced based on the situation, which makes option D correct. They are not a checklist to follow in a rigid order, and they do not replace governance, practices, or other parts of the value system. Instead, they support decision-making and behavior across all circumstances. In one situation, focus on value may be especially important. In another, collaboration, iterative progress, or simplicity may need more emphasis. The point is that they work together.
Applying one principle without considering the others can create imbalance or poor outcomes. This flexible approach allows the principles to remain useful across different industries, organizational types, and contexts.
Their value lies in judgment, not mechanical sequence.
質問 # 55
An organization wants to evaluate how well the ' transition ' value chain activity is performing. Which metric would best support this evaluation?
- A. Success rate of releases deployed into the live environment
- B. Percentage of value streams mapped
- C. Number of ideas generated for new services
- D. Average cost per service request
正解：A
解説：
The best metric for evaluating the transition activity is the success rate of releases deployed into the live environment, so option A is correct. Transition is responsible for introducing new or changed products and services into live use with minimal disruption and adequate readiness. A strong success measure is therefore how often releases enter production successfully and perform as intended. The number of ideas generated is more relevant to discover or innovation. Average cost per service request relates more to deliver or service management efficiency. Percentage of value streams mapped is a measurement of analysis maturity, not transition performance. ITIL encourages organizations to select metrics that reflect the actual purpose of each activity. Since transition is about controlled introduction into live environments, release success is a direct and meaningful indicator.
質問 # 56
Which lifecycle activity is focused on creating prototypes and specifications?
- A. Transition
- B. Design
- C. Support
- D. Deliver
正解：B
解説：
The design activity is focused on creating prototypes and specifications, so option A is correct. In the ITIL product and service lifecycle, design translates ideas, needs, and requirements into structured solution concepts that can be built, tested, and transitioned. This includes defining product characteristics, user interactions, architectural approaches, acceptance criteria, and service quality considerations. Prototypes may be created to explore concepts, reduce uncertainty, and validate assumptions before larger investment.
Specifications provide the documented requirements and characteristics that guide development and later lifecycle activities. Deliver and support happen later and focus on providing and assisting services in use.
Transition is concerned with introducing new or changed products and services into the live environment.
Therefore, the lifecycle activity most closely associated with prototypes and specifications is design.
質問 # 57
A team is gathering customer feedback and measuring current service response times to understand its existing performance. Which step of the ITIL Continual Improvement Model does this activity represent?
- A. Where do we want to be?
- B. Where are we now?
- C. What is the vision?
- D. Take action
正解：B
解説：
This scenario describes an assessment of the current state, which ITIL places in Step 2 of the Continual Improvement Model: "Where are we now?" The official text says that success depends on "a shared understanding of the starting point," and that a key element in this step is a current state assessment. ITIL adds that this may include evaluating existing products and services, user perception of value, workflows, skills, and available technology. It also says that current state assessments should be performed through objective measurement whenever possible, and where measurement is limited, organizations can use stakeholder stories and structured feedback. The question mentions both customer feedback and measured response times, which are exactly the kinds of inputs ITIL associates with understanding the present baseline.
It is not Step 1, because the team is not defining the vision. It is not Step 3, because they are not yet describing the target state. It is not "take action," because no improvement implementation is being described. The best and fully verified answer is therefore A.
質問 # 58
Why does the ITIL Continual Improvement Model begin by defining the vision?
- A. To ensure improvement efforts are aligned with the organization ' s objectives
- B. To identify improvement actions and assign responsibilities
- C. To confirm whether previous improvement initiatives were successful
- D. To document current performance metrics before changes are made
正解：A
解説：
The continual improvement model begins by defining the vision to ensure that improvement efforts align with organizational objectives, so option B is correct. Without a clear understanding of the desired direction, teams may improve the wrong things, optimize locally, or invest effort in changes that do not support strategy or stakeholder value. The vision acts as the anchor for later questions such as where the organization is now, where it wants to be, how it will get there, and how progress will be measured. ITIL emphasizes that improvement should not be random or isolated. It should support the wider purpose, priorities, and desired outcomes of the organization. Current performance metrics and actions matter, but they come after the vision has clarified what success actually means in context.
質問 # 59
Which of the following is NOT one of the digital product and service lifecycle management activities?
- A. Agree
- B. Discover
- C. Build
- D. Acquire
正解：A
解説：
ITIL Version 5 describes eight product and service lifecycle management activities: discover, design, acquire, build, transition, operate, deliver, and support. Option B, "agree," is not one of these activities, so it is the correct answer to the question. The other three options are all officially listed lifecycle activities. Discover is about aligning product capabilities and service offerings with needs and strategy. Acquire is about securing and allocating resources efficiently. Build is about developing, integrating, and testing digital products. ITIL also explains that these activities are not always performed as a simple sequential cycle; from the organization' s perspective they form a value chain, and different value streams combine them in context-specific ways.
That is one reason the activity names are important and tested directly in the Foundation exam. Since "agree" is not part of the official set, while acquire, discover, and build are, the only correct answer is B. This is a terminology question, and the answer can be verified by checking the lifecycle chapter and the summary of value chain activities.
質問 # 60
What is the role of a governing body in an organization?
- A. It manages the technical details of digital products directly
- B. It is accountable for performance and compliance at the highest level
- C. It is responsible for day-to-day operations
- D. It focuses exclusively on financial reporting
正解：B
解説：
The governing body is accountable at the highest level for the organization's performance and compliance, so option A is correct. In ITIL, governance ensures that the organization is directed and controlled in a way that aligns with stakeholder expectations, legal and regulatory obligations, and strategic objectives. The governing body does not usually perform day-to-day operations or manage technical product details directly. Instead, it evaluates the environment and stakeholder needs, directs priorities and policies, and monitors performance and conformance. Financial reporting may be one concern, but governance is much broader and includes value creation, risk, compliance, ethics, and strategic oversight. This high-level accountability is essential because it connects leadership intent with responsible management and assures stakeholders that the organization is being guided appropriately.
質問 # 61
How should the ITIL Guiding Principles be combined when an organization is making a decision?
- A. By selecting one guiding principle to follow as the main basis for every decision
- B. By using the "keep it simple and practical" principle and one or two others that are relevant to the specific decision
- C. By considering each guiding principle to understand its relevance before applying it
- D. By using all the guiding principles equally when making any decision
正解：C
解説：
ITIL Version 5 makes clear that the guiding principles interact with and depend on each other. The text explains that organizations should not treat them as isolated rules or apply one principle mechanically in every case. Instead, decision-makers should recognize the relationships between the principles and consider how each may apply to the context. ITIL provides examples: if an organization is progressing iteratively with feedback, it should also think and work holistically; focusing on what is truly valuable supports keeping things simple and practical. This supports option C, which says each guiding principle should be considered to understand its relevance before applying it. Option A is too rigid because ITIL does not say all principles must be used equally in every decision. Option B is incorrect because ITIL never recommends one principle as the basis for every decision. Option D is too narrow and arbitrary, since the principles should be considered in context rather than starting with a fixed pair. Therefore, the ITIL 5 view is contextual, integrated, and balanced, making C the verified answer.
質問 # 62
How does the ' organizations and people ' dimension contribute to effective product and service management?
- A. By automating workflows across value streams
- B. By managing relationships with external organizations
- C. By defining the technologies used to deliver services
- D. By ensuring skills, culture, and communication support value creation
正解：D
解説：
The organizations and people dimension contributes by ensuring that skills, culture, structure, leadership, and communication support value creation, so option A is correct. ITIL emphasizes that effective product and service management depends not only on processes and tools, but also on human capability and organizational behavior. This dimension includes roles, responsibilities, authority, competencies, culture, collaboration, psychological safety, and continual learning. When these elements are healthy and aligned with strategy, teams are better able to make decisions, adapt to change, manage complexity, and work across boundaries.
Defining technologies belongs to information and technology. Managing external relationships belongs to partners and suppliers. Automating workflows relates more to process and technology considerations.
Therefore, the human and cultural foundation of effective management is the organizations and people dimension.
質問 # 63
Which of the following statements about the Four Dimensions of product and service management is CORRECT?
- A. All Four Dimensions focus mainly on the activities of the service value chain
- B. All Four Dimensions apply only to product design and not to management practices
- C. Each dimension on its own is sufficient to achieve the desired outcomes
- D. All Four Dimensions are critical to effective and efficient facilitation of value
正解：D
解説：
The ITIL 5 text is very direct on this point. It states that the four dimensions are "collectively critical to the effective and efficient facilitation of value for customers and other stakeholders in the form of products and services." That sentence makes option B the correct answer. The same section also warns that none of the dimensions is sufficient when considered in isolation. This rules out option A completely. ITIL further explains that the dimensions are relevant at all levels, including individual product design, management practices, and the organization's value system as a whole. That makes option C incorrect because it wrongly limits them to design only. Option D is also too narrow because the dimensions do not focus only on value chain activities; they apply across the broader governance and management system. In practice, ITIL uses the four dimensions as a way to ensure that people, technology, suppliers, and workflows are all considered together. Therefore, B is not just the best match; it is the one that mirrors the official wording most closely.
質問 # 64
A company plans an improvement initiative and ensures it is clearly linked to organizational goals and objectives. Which continual improvement step is being performed?
- A. What is the vision?
- B. Where do we want to be?
- C. Where are we now?
- D. Take Action
正解：A
解説：
The step being performed is "What is the vision?" so option A is correct. In the ITIL continual improvement model, this step establishes the desired direction and ensures that improvement work aligns with organizational goals and objectives. It answers the question of why the improvement matters and what strategic or stakeholder value it is meant to support. Without this first step, later activities may become disconnected from business priorities. "Where are we now?" assesses the current state. "Where do we want to be?" defines the target state more specifically. "Take action" is about implementation. Because the company is ensuring a clear link to goals and objectives before moving ahead, it is working at the vision stage. This creates alignment and gives improvement efforts a clear purpose and justification.
質問 # 65
Which of the following helps to understand the internal state of a complicated system by analysing its external outputs?
- A. Site Reliability Engineering
- B. Observability
- C. Continuous delivery
- D. Continuous integration
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is C. ITIL Version 5 defines observability as the ability to understand the internal state of a complicated system by analysing its external outputs, such as metrics, logs, and traces. This is especially important in modern digital product operations, where technology environments are constantly changing and product teams need deeper insight into system behaviour. Observability supports proactive operation because it helps teams identify risks quickly, optimize performance, and improve reliability. Option A, continuous integration, relates to frequently integrating code changes and validating them through automated builds and tests. Option B, continuous delivery, relates to keeping software in a releasable state through automation and frequent deployment readiness. Option D, Site Reliability Engineering, is a broader technology management discipline that applies software engineering approaches to infrastructure and operations problems to create scalable and reliable systems. SRE may use observability, but the exact definition in the question belongs to observability itself.
質問 # 66
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ITIL ITIL-5-Foundation 認定試験の出題範囲：
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