本日更新の2026年08月試験エンジンとPDF PSM-IIテスト無料！ [Q95-Q116]

本日更新の2026年08月試験エンジンとPDF PSM-IIテスト無料！

究極のガイド準備PSM-II正確なPDF解答

スクラムは、近年ますます人気が高まっている機敏な方法論です。ソフトウェア開発とプロジェクト管理で広く使用されており、多くの組織がプロジェクト提供への主要なアプローチとしてそれを採用しています。スクラムフレームワークは、共同および反復的な方法で高品質の製品を提供するために連携するいくつかの役割、イベント、およびアーティファクトで構成されています。

PSM-II認定試験に合格したスクラムマスターは、スクラムの原則と実践を熟知し、スクラムチームを効果的にリード・コーチングする能力を証明します。彼らはまた、スクラムの専門家として認められ、キャリアの機会と収入の可能性を高めます。PSM-II認定は、スクラムマスターがキャリアを進め、スクラムコーチ、コンサルタント、トレーナー、または組織変革エージェントなどのより難しい役割を引き受けたい場合に貴重な資格です。

 

質問 # 95
A Scrum Team has been working on a product for several iterations and has an average velocity of 55 units of
'done' work per Sprint. A second team will be added to work on the same product.
What might be the impact on the original team?

• A. Their velocity is likely to drop and be less than 55.
• B. Their velocity is likely to rise and be more than 55.
• C. Their velocity is likely not affected and will remain at 55.

正解：A

解説：
Similar to membership changes within a single Scrum Team, adding or removing additional Scrum Teams working on the same product will impact productivity in the short term. Adding additional teams often go through recognizable stages as they change from being a collection of strangers to a united group with common goals. Bruce Tuckman's Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing model describes these stages.

質問 # 96
You have just been hired as a Scrum Master by a company new to Scrum. The company wants to use Scrum to build a new product that was conceived by the product management department.
You will be the Scrum Master of two new teams that will build a first version of the product. The product management department assigns two new Product Owners, but wants more advice about the required participation with the new Scrum Teams. Which two suggestions would you offer?
(Choose the best two answers)

• A. Two Product Owners are necessary, one for each Scrum Team. They report to an overarching chief Product Owner.
• B. A single Product Backlog should be maintained holding all requirements for the new product.
• C. Each Scrum Team has a separate Product Backlog, holding each team's assigned requirements.
• D. Having one Product Owner will improve the clarity of accountability to the teams and to the product management department.

正解：B、D

解説：
This is a good suggestion, as it ensures that there is a single person who is responsible for maximizing the value of the product and managing the Product Backlog. Having one Product Owner also avoids confusion, duplication, or conflict among multiple Product Owners who may have different visions, priorities, or expectations for the product.
This is also a good suggestion, as it ensures that there is a single source of truth for the product requirements and that they are transparent and visible to all stakeholders. Having a single Product Backlog also enables the Product Owner to order the items based on their value, risk, dependency, and urgency, and to collaborate with the Scrum Teams to select and refine the items for each Sprint.

質問 # 97
Over the course of several Sprints, the relationship between the Product Owner and the Development team has suffered. The Development Team is upset with the Product Owner for the constantly changing the upcoming items for the product. The Product Owner is upset with the Development Team for changing the work that needs to be done during the Sprint.
What should Steven, the Scrum Master, do?

• A. During the Sprint Retrospective, ask the Product Owner and the Development Team to address the issues.
  Have the Team discuss why the changes occur and what impact they have on the value of the product.
• B. Explain to the Development Team that the Product Owner is accountable for flow of value and needs to be followed in order to maximize the value delivered.
• C. The Scrum Master's responsibility is to ensure the Development Team has a stable velocity. Any changes that negatively impact the team's velocity will be rejected by the Scrum Master.
• D. Take the time between Sprints to organize a team building session to rebuild the relationship.

正解：A

解説：
Conflicts are a natural occurrence and the Scrum Master coaches the Development Team on the value of resolving conflicts. Leaving conflicts unresolved can impact the Scrum values of openness and respect diminishing trust. Lower trust levels will impact the Scrum Team's effectiveness and can cause impediments in the future. It is the responsibility of the Scrum Master to remove impediments that hinder the team through conflict resolution and facilitation.

質問 # 98
Marian is a product Owner working on a Scrum Team on a new release for her product. Based on the average velocity of the previous release Marian estimated the project to take seven Sprints. Average velocity In the previous release was thirteen completed units of work per Sprint Development is three Sprints underway, with tour more Sprints to go until the release.
Product Backlog has been stable.
Over the first three Sprints, the Developers report their average velocity is nine, while not having fully tested all the delivered functionality. The Developers estimate that the unfinished testing would have required of a Sprints time. The Developers believe that the required velocity of thirteen is within their reach. What is the most effective way to recover?
(choose the best answer)

• A. The Developers set the open work aside to be performed in one or more release Sprints. They remind Marian to find funding for enough Release Sprints in which this remaining work can be done. up to one release Sprint per three development Sprints may be required, It is Marian's responsibility to inform users and stakeholders Of the impact on the release date.
• B. In the next Sprints, the Developers keep making sure that all of the selected scope per Sprint is as done as possible, at least at the past level of 90%. In every Sprint the undone work of the previous Sprint is estimated and added to the Sprint Backlog. It comes on top of the expected forecast of 13 units, so it does not mess up progress on the product Backlog.
• C. Transparency needs to be restored by addng the undone work to the Product Backlog. The Developers must figure out a way to deliver in the upcoming Sprints a velocity of not only
  13 units of new work, but also two additional points to catch up undone work. It is the Scrum Master's duty to assess whether such repair is possible. If not, the Scrum Master initiates a restart with a more reliable team Or cancels the project. The Scrum Master will have to inform Product Owner and the stakeholders.
• D. The Developers inform Marian that the progress she has perceived to date is not correct The Increment is not releasable. They give Marian their estimate of the effort it would take to get the past work done, and suggest doing that work first before proceeding with new features. The Developers also re-estimate the effort to complete the remaining backlog, including all testing. In the end, it is Marian's call to continue the project or to cancel.

正解：D

解説：
Explanation
The most effective way to recover is to restore transparency and trust by informing the Product Owner that the progress she has perceived to date is not correct. The Increment is not releasable because it does not meet the Definition of Done12, which is a shared understanding of what it means for work to be complete12. The Developers should give the Product Owner their estimate of the effort it would take to get the past work done, and suggest doing that work first before proceeding with new features. This way, the Developers can ensure that they deliver a valuable, useful, and potentially releasable Increment every Sprint12. The Developers should also re-estimate the effort to complete the remaining backlog, including all testing, and communicate any changes or risks to the Product Owner. In the end, it is the Product Owner's call to continue the project or to cancel it, based on the value and feasibility of the product12.
Some reasons why the other options are not correct are:
A: The Developers set the open work aside to be performed in one or more release Sprints. They remind Marian to find funding for enough Release Sprints in which this remaining work can be done. This option is not correct because it violates the Scrum framework and the Scrum values. The Scrum framework does not prescribe any release Sprints or separate phases for testing or integration12. The Scrum values include commitment, focus, openness, respect, and courage12. The Developers should commit to delivering a potentially releasable Increment every Sprint, not postpone or hide their undone work. The Developers should focus on creating value for the customers and users, not on meeting artificial deadlines or metrics. The Developers should be open and honest about their progress and challenges, not mislead or deceive the Product Owner. The Developers should respect the Product Owner's authority and accountability for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers12, not shift the responsibility or blame to them. The Developers should have the courage to face their problems and seek help, not avoid or ignore them.
B: Transparency needs to be restored by adding the undone work to the Product Backlog. The Developers must figure out a way to deliver in the upcoming Sprints a velocity of not only 13 units of new work, but also two additional points to catch up undone work. It is the Scrum Master's duty to assess whether such repair is possible. If not, the Scrum Master initiates a restart with a more reliable team or cancels the project. The Scrum Master will have to inform Product Owner and the stakeholders.
This option is not correct because it violates the Scrum framework and the Scrum roles. The Scrum framework does not prescribe any velocity or points as measures of progress or success12. The Scrum roles include Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers12. The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers12, not for tracking or controlling their velocity or points. The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide1, causing change that increases the productivity of the Scrum Team1, and working with other Scrum Masters to increase the effectiveness of the application of Scrum in the organization1, not for assessing or judging the performance of the Developers or initiating a restart or cancellation of the project. The Developers are accountable for creating a valuable, useful, and potentially releasable Increment every Sprint12, not for meeting a predetermined velocity or points target.
C: In the next Sprints, the Developers keep making sure that all of the selected scope per Sprint is as done as possible, at least at the past level of 90%. In every Sprint the undone work of the previous Sprint is estimated and added to the Sprint Backlog. It comes on top of the expected forecast of 13 units, so it does not mess up progress on the product Backlog. This option is not correct because it violates the Scrum framework and the Scrum values. The Scrum framework requires that each Sprint delivers a potentially releasable Increment that meets the Definition of Done12, not a partially done or incomplete product that accumulates technical debt or quality issues. The Scrum values include commitment, focus, openness, respect, and courage12. The Developers should commit to delivering a potentially releasable Increment every Sprint, not compromise on quality or value. The Developers should focus on creating value for the customers and users, not on meeting artificial deadlines or metrics. The Developers should be open and honest about their progress and challenges, not hide or ignore their undone work. The Developers should respect the Product Owner's authority and accountability for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers12, not burden them with additional work or risk. The Developers should have the courage to face their problems and seek help, not avoid or ignore them.
References:
What is an Increment? | Scrum.org
What is a Product Increment? | Scrum.org

質問 # 99
Respect is one of the five Scrum values. Which statements demonstrate respectful behavior in the Scrum Team?
(choose the best two answers)

• A. Respect stakeholder expectations that Scrum Teams will meet their forecast.
• B. Respect people, their experience, diversity, and difference in opinion
• C. Respect the Product Owner by letting them change the Sprint Goal during the Sprint
• D. Respect the accountabilities of the Scrum Team members.

正解：B、D

解説：
Explanation
Respect is one of the Scrum values that means recognizing the value of each individual and their contribution, trusting them to fulfill their tasks, listening to and considering their ideas, and acknowledging their accomplishments. Respect also means honoring the diversity of people, their experiences, and their opinions.
Respect facilitates collaboration, learning, and creativity in the Scrum Team.
Some statements that demonstrate respectful behavior in the Scrum Team are:
Respect the accountabilities of the Scrum Team members. This means that each role in the Scrum Team has a clear set of responsibilities and expectations, and that other team members respect those boundaries and do not interfere with or undermine them. For example, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers, and the Developers respect that by following the Product Owner's guidance on what to work on and what not to work on. The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide, causing change that increases the productivity of the Scrum Team, and working with other Scrum Masters to increase the effectiveness of the application of Scrum in the organization. The Developers respect that by adhering to the Scrum framework, being open to feedback and improvement, and collaborating with other Scrum Teams when needed.
Respect people, their experience, diversity, and difference in opinion. This means that each person in the Scrum Team is valued as a skilled professional who brings unique perspectives and insights to the team.
The team members respect each other's expertise, skills, and ideas, and are willing to learn from each other and from their stakeholders. They also respect that people may have different opinions or preferences on how to approach a problem or a solution, and they seek to understand those differences rather than dismiss or ignore them. They engage in constructive dialogue and respectful disagreement when necessary, and they support team decisions even if they are not their personal choices.
Some statements that do not demonstrate respectful behavior in the Scrum Team are:
Respect the Product Owner by letting them change the Sprint Goal during the Sprint. This is not respectful because it violates the Scrum framework and undermines the Developers' autonomy and commitment. The Sprint Goal is a shared objective that provides guidance to the Developers on why they are building an Increment. It is crafted by the Product Owner in collaboration with the Developers during Sprint Planning, and it remains fixed for the duration of the Sprint unless a significant change occurs that invalidates it. Allowing the Product Owner to change the Sprint Goal during the Sprint would disrupt the focus and alignment of the Developers, introduce uncertainty and confusion, and reduce transparency and accountability.
Respect stakeholder expectations that Scrum Teams will meet their forecast. This is not respectful because it implies that stakeholders have unrealistic or unreasonable expectations that are not based on empirical evidence or feedback. The forecast is a plan for what functionality will be delivered in an Increment by the end of a Sprint. It is based on what is known at Sprint Planning, but it is not a guarantee or a commitment. The forecast may change during the Sprint as new information emerges or as unforeseen challenges arise. The Scrum Team respects stakeholders by being transparent about their progress and any changes to their forecast, by delivering a valuable Increment at least by the end of every Sprint, by seeking feedback from stakeholders during Sprint Review, and by incorporating that feedback into future Sprints.
References:
The Scrum Values
Understanding the 5 Scrum Values
Top 5 Scrum Values & Principles

質問 # 100
Your organization always stresses the importance of on-time delivery and reliability. A manager has detected that your team's progress is too slow. They feel that your team's velocity needs to be 10% higher.
The organization expects you, as the Scrum Master, to make it happen. How do you respond?
(choose the best two answers)

• A. You inform management of organizational impediments that prevent the Scrum Team from being more productive. You enlist their help to remove these impediments.
• B. You help management understand that it typically takes a few Sprints for a team to gradually increase the velocity up to the level expected. Meanwhile you present this to the team as a challenge and a company goal, leaving it however up to them to figure out exactly how to achieve this.
• C. You educate management that it is the Scrum Team's responsibility to improve their velocity. You invite management to the next Sprint Retrospective to brainstorm on how they can improve.
• D. You explain how a Scrum Team uses the velocity of a Sprint primarily to forecast work for the next Sprint, not to perfectly predict future productivity. You refer management to the Product Owner for all information concerning the progress of development.
• E. You tell management that this is not your accountability in Scrum. You direct them to the Product Owner to determine whether the forecast is accurate.

正解：A、D

解説：
Explanation
B: You inform management of organizational impediments that prevent the Scrum Team from being more productive. You enlist their help to remove these impediments.
This is a good answer because it is consistent with the Scrum Master's accountability to serve the Scrum Team and the organization by identifying and addressing the factors that hinder the team's effectiveness12. By informing management of the organizational impediments, you can leverage their authority and influence to resolve them. By enlisting their help, you can also foster a collaborative and supportive relationship with them. C. You explain how a Scrum Team uses the velocity of a Sprint primarily to forecast work for the next Sprint, not to perfectly predict future productivity. You refer management to the Product Owner for all information concerning the progress of development.
This is another good answer because it is consistent with the Scrum Master's accountability to educate and coach the organization on the Scrum framework and itsprinciples12. By explaining how velocity is used in Scrum, you can help management understand that it is not a reliable metric for measuring performance or comparing teams. By referring management to the Product Owner, you can also respect the Product Owner's accountability to manage the product backlog and communicate the value and status of the product34.
References: 1: What is a Scrum Master? | Scrum.org 2: What is a scrum master? [+ Responsibilities] | Atlassian 3: What is a Product Owner? | Scrum.org 4: What is a product owner? [+ Responsibilities] | Atlassian : Scrum Guide | Scrum Guides

質問 # 101
You are the Scrum Master for four Scrum Teams working from the same Product Backlog. Several of the Developers come to you complaining that work identified for the upcoming two Sprints will require full time commitment from Stella, an external specialist who is not a member of any of the four Scrum Teams. What would you consider acceptable solutions for the problem?
(choose the best three answers)

• A. Investigate whether additional techniques or frameworks for scaling Scrum would be appropriate for these Scrum Teams.
• B. Have the Developers re-order the Product Backlog so Stella can serve one team full-time in a Sprint
• C. Merge the Scrum Teams into one large Scrum Team for the next two Sprints. When the need for Stella's expertise is over, the teams can separate again
• D. Create a team with Stella and identify people from the Scrum Teams to temporarily work in Stella's domain to learn to better serve the existing teams
• E. Ask Stella for a plan to hire and train additional people in her domain, and in the meantime work with the Product Owner and Scrum Teams to re-prioritize the work so that tasks not depending on Stella can be done first
• F. Developers with an interest in Stella's domain could volunteer to take on this work in their respective Scrum Teams.
• G. Organize a release Sprint in which Stella can thoroughly check and complete all the work done in her domain before considering the work releasable.

正解：D、E、F

解説：
Explanation
B) Developers with an interest in Stella's domain could volunteer to take on this work in their respective Scrum Teams.
This is a good solution because it is consistent with the Scrum value of commitment, which means that the Scrum Team members are willing to learn new skills and take on new challenges to deliver value12. By volunteering to take on this work, the Developers can reduce the dependency on Stella, increase their cross-functionality, and collaborate more effectively within and across the Scrum Teams34.
F) Ask Stella for a plan to hire and train additional people in her domain, and in the meantime work with the Product Owner and Scrum Teams to re-prioritize the work so that tasks not depending on Stella can be done first This is another good solution because it is consistent with the Scrum principle of empiricism, which means that the Scrum Team learns and adapts based on the actual outcomes and feedback, rather than following a predefined plan12. By asking Stella for a plan to hire and train additional people, the Scrum Master can help address the root cause of the dependency and create more capacity and diversity in Stella's domain. By working with the Product Owner and Scrum Teams to re-prioritize the work, the Scrum Master can also help optimize the value and feasibility of the product backlog items, and enable the Scrum Teams to deliver valuable and functional increments every Sprint34.
G) Create a team with Stella and identify people from the Scrum Teams to temporarily work in Stella's domain to learn to better serve the existing teams This is also a good solution because it is consistent with the Scrum value of respect, which means that the Scrum Team members appreciate and value each other's skills and perspectives12. By creating a team with Stella, the Scrum Master can acknowledge and leverage Stella's expertise and experience in her domain. By identifying people from the Scrum Teams to temporarily work in Stella's domain, the Scrum Master can also facilitate knowledge transfer and skill development among the team members, which can improve their self-organization and collaboration34.
References: 1: Scrum Values | Scrum.org 2: Scrum Values - Atlassian 3: Scrum Guide | Scrum Guides 4:
Scrum - What is it, how it works, & how to start - Atlassian

質問 # 102
How should requirements be distributed when multiple Scrum Teams work on the same product?
(choose the best answer)

• A. The Scrum Teams pull in work from a shared Product Backlog in agreement with the Product Owner and the other teams.
• B. They must be selected from one Product Backlog in such a way that each Scrum Team has an equal volume of requirements per Sprint.
• C. The Scrum Team with the highest velocity pulls items from an overall Product Backlog first
• D. The Product Owner decides by providing each team with its own Product Backlog.

正解：A

解説：
Explanation
When multiple Scrum Teams work on the same product, they share one Product Backlog that contains all the requirements for the product. The Product Owner is responsible for ordering and refining the Product Backlog items, but does not assign them to specific teams. Instead, the Scrum Teams pull in work from the Product Backlog in agreement with the Product Owner and the other teams, based on their capacity, skills, dependencies, and Sprint Goals. This way, the Scrum Teams can self-organize and collaborate to deliver a coherent and valuable product Increment.
References:
The Scrum Guide, November 2020, p. 7-8
Can two teams work on one product backlog?, Scrum.org, January 6, 2020

質問 # 103
An important aspect of Scrum are timeboxes. Select two ways in which timeboxing reinforces the creation of value.
(choose the best two answers)

• A. Timeboxes encourage the people who are closest to the problem to create the best possible result in the time allotted, given the current context.
• B. Timeboxes help everyone focus on the same problem at the same time.
• C. Scrum Teams can determine on their own how much overtime is acceptable for a timebox- generally expressed as a percentage of the timebox.
• D. Timeboxing assures that a Product Owner does not interrupt the Developers during a Sprint.

正解：A、B

解説：
Explanation
C: Timeboxes encourage the people who are closest to the problem to create the best possible result in the time allotted, given the current context.
This is true because timeboxes limit the amount of time that can be spent on an activity, which forces the Scrum Team to focus on the most valuable and feasible outcomes. Timeboxes also empower the Scrum Team to make decisions based on their own expertise and experience, rather than relying on external authorities or instructions12. D. Timeboxes help everyone focus on the same problem at the same time.
This is true because timeboxes create a shared sense of urgency and alignment among the Scrum Team and the stakeholders. Timeboxes also enable frequent feedback and inspection, which help the Scrum Team adapt to changing requirements and expectations12.
References: 1: What Is Timeboxing in Scrum? - Visual Paradigm 2: What Is Timeboxing in Scrum and What Are the Benefits? Scrum Alliance

質問 # 104
When scaling Scrum it is important to have multiple Scrum Teams working from one Product Backlog

• A. True
• B. False

正解：A

解説：
When scaling Scrum, it is important to have multiple Scrum Teams working from one Product Backlog, because this ensures that they are aligned on the same product vision, goal, and value.
Having one Product Backlog also helps to reduce duplication, inconsistency, and waste, and to optimize the flow of work and feedback. The Product Owner is accountable for managing the Product Backlog and ensuring that it is transparent, ordered, and refined for the multiple Scrum Teams. The Scrum Teams collaborate with the Product Owner and each other to deliver a single integrated product Increment every Sprint.

質問 # 105
You are the Scrum Master for four Scrum Teams working from the same Product Backlog. Several of the Developers come to you complaining that work identified for the upcoming two Sprints will require full time commitment from Stella, an external specialist who is not a member of any of the four Scrum Teams. What would you consider acceptable solutions for the problem?
(choose the best three answers)

• A. Investigate whether additional techniques or frameworks for scaling Scrum would be appropriate for these Scrum Teams.
• B. Have the Developers re-order the Product Backlog so Stella can serve one team full-time in a Sprint
• C. Merge the Scrum Teams into one large Scrum Team for the next two Sprints. When the need for Stella's expertise is over, the teams can separate again
• D. Create a team with Stella and identify people from the Scrum Teams to temporarily work in Stella's domain to learn to better serve the existing teams
• E. Ask Stella for a plan to hire and train additional people in her domain, and in the meantime work with the Product Owner and Scrum Teams to re-prioritize the work so that tasks not depending on Stella can be done first
• F. Developers with an interest in Stella's domain could volunteer to take on this work in their respective Scrum Teams.
• G. Organize a release Sprint in which Stella can thoroughly check and complete all the work done in her domain before considering the work releasable.

正解：D、E、F

解説：
Explanation
B: Developers with an interest in Stella's domain could volunteer to take on this work in their respective Scrum Teams.
This is a good solution because it is consistent with the Scrum value of commitment, which means that the Scrum Team members are willing to learn new skills and take on new challenges to deliver value12. By volunteering to take on this work, the Developers can reduce the dependency on Stella, increase their cross-functionality, and collaborate more effectively within and across the Scrum Teams34. F. Ask Stella for a plan to hire and train additional people in her domain, and in the meantime work with the Product Owner and Scrum Teams to re-prioritize the work so that tasks not depending on Stella can be done first This is another good solution because it is consistent with the Scrum principle of empiricism, which means that the Scrum Team learns and adapts based on the actual outcomes and feedback, rather than following a predefined plan12. By asking Stella for a plan to hire and train additional people, the Scrum Master can help address the root cause of the dependency and create more capacity and diversity in Stella's domain. By working with the Product Owner and Scrum Teams to re-prioritize the work, the Scrum Master can also help optimize the value and feasibility of the product backlog items, and enable the Scrum Teams to deliver valuable and functional increments every Sprint34. G. Create a team with Stella and identify people from the Scrum Teams to temporarily work in Stella's domain to learn to better serve the existing teams This is also a good solution because it is consistent with the Scrum value of respect, which means that the Scrum Team members appreciate and value eachother's skills and perspectives12. By creating a team with Stella, the Scrum Master can acknowledge and leverage Stella's expertise and experience in her domain. By identifying people from the Scrum Teams to temporarily work in Stella's domain, theScrum Master can also facilitate knowledge transfer and skill development among the team members, which can improve their self-organization and collaboration34.
References: 1: Scrum Values | Scrum.org 2: Scrum Values - Atlassian 3: Scrum Guide | Scrum Guides 4:
Scrum - What is it, how it works, & how to start - Atlassian

質問 # 106
Several Sprints into a project, the Product Owner tells the Scrum Master that a key stakeholder just started using the product The stakeholder is unhappy with the slow performance, a complaint that the Product Owner agrees with As the Scrum Master how will you move this forward?
(Choose the best answer)

• A. Encourage the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the rest of the Scrum Team and work together to improve the Definition of Done
• B. Explain to the Product Owner that it is up to the Developers to decide on acceptable performance standards as they own the Definition of Done
• C. Bring the concern to the quality assurance members of the Scrum Team and ask them to improve how the system is tested.
• D. Wait to bring this up in the next Sprint Retrospective as this is the appropriate time for the Developers to re-consider the Definition of Done.

正解：A

解説：
As a Scrum Master, you are accountable for establishing an environment where the Scrum Team can be effective and deliver valuable products. One of the ways to do this is by supporting the Product Owner in managing the Product Backlog and engaging with the stakeholders. In this situation, where there is a performance issue with the product, your best option is:
Encourage the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the rest of the Scrum Team and work together to improve the Definition of Done. This option aligns with the principle of empiricism, which is the foundation of Scrum. Empiricism means that you make decisions based on what is known, rather than what is assumed or predicted. By encouraging the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the rest of the Scrum Team, you are helping them inspect the product Increment and adapt the Product Backlog based on transparent feedback from the stakeholder. You are also helping them collaborate on improving the Definition of Done, which is a shared understanding of what it means for a product Increment to be complete and potentially releasable. The Definition of Done should reflect the quality standards and expectations of the stakeholders, and should be updated as needed to ensure that the product meets their needs and delivers value.

質問 # 107
What must the Development Team do during the first Sprint?

• A. Analyze and estimate the requirements for the subsequent Sprints.
• B. Only design and develop the architecture and infrastructure.
• C. Create a potentially shippable product Increment that includes at least one piece of functionality.
• D. Create a project plan in order to map functional development to Sprint dates.

正解：C

解説：
Sprints promote iterative and incremental development.

質問 # 108
Which Scrum Value is impacted by trust?

• A. Openness
• B. Commitment
• C. Respect
• D. All of the above
• E. Focus
• F. Courage

正解：D

解説：
Without trust, team members will have difficulties acting and behaving in the ways that reflect the Scrum values and how effective they apply empiricism.

質問 # 109
Which statements are true about the Sprint Goal?
(choose the best two answers)

• A. The use of Sprint Goals is optional in the Scrum Framework
• B. Sprint Goals give Developers flexibility and creativity on how to implement functionality during the Sprint
• C. Sprint Goals often change during the Sprint as new insights emerge during the work.
• D. During Sprint Planning, the Scrum Team crafts a Sprint Goal based on anobjective that the Product Owner would like to achieve that Sprint.

正解：B、D

解説：
Explanation
According to the Scrum Guide 2020, the Sprint Goal is a short statement that provides direction and focus for the Scrum Team throughout the Sprint1. The Sprint Goal is chosenby the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning, based on the Product Backlog items that they forecast to complete in the Sprint1. The Sprint Goal also gives Developers flexibility and creativity on how to implement functionality during the Sprint, as long as they do not endanger the Sprint Goal1. Therefore, the statements that are true about the Sprint Goal are:
During Sprint Planning, the Scrum Team crafts a Sprint Goal based on an objective that the Product Owner would like to achieve that Sprint. This statement is true because it reflects the purpose and process of creating a Sprint Goal. The Product Owner proposes an objective for the Sprint, based on the current state of the product and the stakeholders' needs2. The Developers then select the Product Backlog items that support that objective, and craft a Sprint Goal that expresses what value they will deliver in the Sprint2.
Sprint Goals give Developers flexibility and creativity on how to implement functionality during the Sprint. This statement is true because it reflects the benefit and outcome of having a Sprint Goal. The Sprint Goal is not a fixed scope of work, but a flexible goal that guides the Developers' decisions and actions3. The Developers can modify their Sprint Backlog during the Sprint as needed, as long as they do not endanger the Sprint Goal1. The Sprint Goal also encourages the Developers to work together rather than on separate initiatives3.
The other statements are not true because:
Sprint Goals often change during the Sprint as new insights emerge during the work. This statement is false because it contradicts the Scrum framework, which defines the Sprint Goal as a commitment by the Developers that does not change during a Sprint1. The Sprint Goal provides coherence and alignment for the Scrum Team, and helps them cope with complexity and uncertainty3. Changing the Sprint Goal during a Sprint would undermine its value and impact, and create confusion and waste.
The use of Sprint Goals is optional in the Scrum Framework. This statement is false because it contradicts the Scrum framework, which defines the Sprint Goal as a mandatory element of each Sprint1. The Scrum Guide 2020 states that "the entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint" and "the Developers commit to achieving the Sprint Goal" 1.
Without a Sprint Goal, there would be no clear direction or focus for the Scrum Team, and no way to measure their progress or success.
References: 1: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#sprint-goal 2:
https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#sprint-planning 3:
https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/sprint-goal-key-element-scrum

質問 # 110
Who can prematurely cancel a Sprint?

• A. The Stakeholders
• B. The Product Owner
• C. The Scrum Master
• D. The Development Team

正解：B

解説：
Only the Product Owner can determine when items being worked on are obsolete.

質問 # 111
True or False: During the Sprint Review of a scaled development effort, every Scrum Team should demonstrate its individual Increment separately.

• A. True
• B. False

正解：B

解説：
Explanation
During the Sprint Review of a scaled development effort, the Scrum Teams should demonstrate the integrated Increment that they have collectively delivered, not their individual Increments separately. This ensures that the stakeholders can provide feedback on the value and quality of the product as a whole, and that the Scrum Teams can inspect their alignment and collaboration.
References:
Scrum Guide 2020, page 14: "The purpose of the Sprint Review is to inspect the outcome of the Sprint and determine future adaptations. The Scrum Team presents the results of their work to key stakeholders and progress toward the Product Goal is discussed." Nexus Guide 2020, page 7: "The Nexus Sprint Review is an event where appropriate stakeholders review the Integrated Increment that has been built throughout the Sprint by all Scrum Teams in a Nexus."

質問 # 112
Steven is a Scrum Master of a Scrum Team that is new to Scrum. At the halfway point of the Sprint, the Product Owner comes to Steven telling him that he is concerned the Development Team will not be able to complete the entire Sprint Backlog by the end of the Sprint.
What should Steven do in this situation?

• A. Coach the Product Owner that with complex software development, you cannot promise the entire scope that was forecast during Sprint Planning. As more is learned during the Sprint, work may emerge that affects the Sprint Backlog.
• B. Add more people to the Development Team to meet the Product Owner's expectations.
• C. Motivate the Development Team to meet their commitment to the Product Owner.
• D. Advise the Product Owner that the Development Team owns the Sprint Backlog and it is up to them to meet their commitments. No one tells the Development Team how to turn Product Backlog into Increments of potentially releasable functionality.

正解：A

解説：
Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known. The Sprint Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in the next Increment and the work needed to deliver that functionality into a 'Done' Increment. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal.
Why C is incorrect:
a) The Dev Team does not commit to finishing all items in the Sprint Backlog. Committing to completing all items would be fixed scope and fixed time leaving no room to adapt. They commit to the Sprint Goal and doing the right thing.
b) It's also incorrect for the PO to focus on completing the entire Sprint Backlog. Finishing everything should not be his main focus. Having a shippable increment that meets the Sprint Goal is more important than trying to finish everything. The advice in option C is equivalent to "Don't worry, they'll get everything done." but because of the complex domain, you cannot guarantee everything will get done.

質問 # 113
What is the most appropriate action for the Scrum Master to take if the Product Owner is having difficulties managing the Product Backlog?

• A. Have the Product Owner order the items based on size, having the Development Team work on the smallest items first.
• B. Delay the Sprint in order for the Product Owner to have enough time to prioritize the Product Backlog.
• C. Offer the Product Owner help in understanding that the goal of ordering the Product Backlog is to maximize the flow of value.
• D. Delegate the work to the Assistant Product Owner.
• E. Have the Development Team order the work instead of the Product Owner.

正解：C

解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The Product Owner's primary concern is the flow of value reflected in the ordering of the Product Backlog.

質問 # 114
How does the Scrum Master serve the Scrum Team?
(choose the best two answers)

• A. The Scrum Master resolves every impediment that the Developers run into
• B. The Scrum Master never intervenes in matters of the Scrum Team, but allows them to maximize their autonomy and freedom.
• C. The Scrum Master facilitates Scrum events as requested or needed
• D. The Scrum Master coaches the Scrum Team and the organization how to work empirically.

正解：C、D

解説：
Explanation
The Scrum Master serves the Scrum Team by coaching them and the organization how to work empirically, which means using an evidence-based approach to inspect and adapt the product and the process1. The Scrum Master also facilitates Scrum events as requested or needed, such as the Sprint Planning, the Daily Scrum, the Sprint Review, and the Sprint Retrospective2. The Scrum Master ensures that these events are positive, productive, and kept within the timebox2.
The Scrum Master does not resolve every impediment that the Developers run into, but rather helps them to remove or overcome those impediments themselves3. The Scrum Master also does not never intervene in matters of the Scrum Team, but rather balances between providing guidance and allowing autonomy. The Scrum Master is not a passive observer, but an active servant leader who supports the team in achieving their goals.
References:
What is a Scrum Master? | Scrum.org, section "The Accountabilities of the Scrum Master" The Scrum Guide 2020, section "The Scrum Master" What is a scrum master? [+ Responsibilities] | Atlassian, section "Scrum master responsibilities"
[The 8 Stances of a Scrum Master by Barry Overeem], section "The Servant Leader"
[What Is a Scrum Master (and How Do I Become One)? - Coursera], section "What is a scrum master?"

質問 # 115
The Development Team has suggested to move the Daily Scrum to every other day instead of every day.
What is the most appropriate action for the Scrum Master to take?

• A. Learn why the Development Team wants this, coach the team on why the Daily Scrum is important and work with them to improve the outcome of the Daily Scrum.
• B. Have the Development Team members vote on which days the Daily Scrum should occur.
• C. Support the self-organizing team's decision.

正解：A

解説：
The Scrum Master is responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide. Scrum Masters do this by helping everyone understand Scrum theory, practices, rules, and values.

質問 # 116
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