Professional Scrum Master level II (PSM II)練習テスト2023年最新のPSM-IIストレスなしで合格させちゃう！
練習Professional Scrum Master PSM-II問題集オンライン試験練習テストと詳細な解説付き！
Scrum PSM-II（Professional Scrum MasterレベルII）認定試験は、複雑で多様な環境でScrumを実装するScrumマスターの知識と技能を検証するものです。この認定試験は、Scrumマスターが様々な文脈でScrumの採用を確実にし、チームや組織がScrumフレームワークから最大限の価値を引き出すための専門知識を持っていることを確認するために設計されています。
質問 # 35
Steven is a Scrum Master asked to assist in creating five new Scrum Teams that will be working to build a highly anticipated product. He talks with them about the importance of being able to integrate their Increments by the end of their Sprints. This includes the first Sprints. The product is very important to both the end users and the organization.
Of the choices raised by future team members, what would Steven encourage?
- A. Wait until enough of the infrastructure and architecture is in place before starting the first Sprints. This will increase the success of delivering integrated Increments in Sprint 1.
- B. All Scrum Teams agree on a mutual understanding of 'done' that defines all work necessary to deliver a potentially shippable Increment that includes all previous Increments delivered for the product.
- C. Each Scrum Team delivers Increments in its own code branch. After UAT is performed at the Sprint Review, the code branch is isolated until enough Increments are considered acceptable. All code branches will then be merged during the release phase.
- D. Each Scrum Team delivers functionality at the end of each Sprint. New Product Backlog items will then be added to the next Sprint Backlog to integrate their functionality with the other teams to create a unified Increment.
正解：B
解説：
When a Product Backlog item or an Increment is described as "Done", everyone must understand what "Done" means. If there are multiple Scrum Teams working on the system or product release, the Development Teams on all the Scrum Teams must mutually define the definition of "Done" to have a shared understanding of what it means for work to be complete, to ensure transparency. Each Increment is additive to all prior Increments and thoroughly tested, ensuring that all Increments work together.
質問 # 36
Steven is a Scrum Master for three different teams building a single product from the same Product Backlog.
Development Team members from each team have approached Steven complaining that their teams need Nicole, an external specialist, to commit full time for their next Sprint.
Which three acceptable solutions would Steven consider? (Choose three.)
- A. Ask Nicole for a plan to hire and train additional people in her domain, and in the meantime work with the Product Owner and Development Teams to re-prioritize the work so that tasks not depending on Nicole can be done first.
- B. For Sprints that require Nicole's expertise for more than one team, combine the teams into one and separate when they no longer need to share her services.
- C. Have the Development Team re-order the Product Backlog so Nicole can serve one team full-time in a Sprint.
- D. Investigate whether applying additional techniques or frameworks for scaling Scrum would be appropriate for this product team in the future, since you have multiple Scrum Teams working on the same product, with dependencies between the teams.
- E. People from the Development Teams with an interest in Nicole's domain could volunteer to take on this work in their respective teams.
- F. Create a team with Nicole and people from the teams to temporarily work in Nicole's domain to serve the existing teams.
正解：C、D、E
解説：
The Scrum Master is responsible for removing impediments within the current context of the situation AND boundaries defined by the Scrum framework.
質問 # 37
Which three statements best describe the purpose of having a Definition of Done? (Choose three.)
- A. As the Development Team is doing the work, it provides guidance on the remaining work needed to create the potentially shippable Increment by the end of the Sprint.
- B. It creates transparency and provides a common understanding of the 'done' state of the Increment at the Sprint Review.
- C. It helps the Development Team defer any pending work to subsequent Sprints.
- D. It provides guidance to the Development Team when they are forecasting their Sprint Backlog during the Sprint Planning.
- E. It is a checklist to monitor the Development Team member's progress on a task.
- F. It helps the Scrum Team decide how much time is needed before the Sprint can end.
正解：A、B、D
解説：
When a Product Backlog item or an Increment is described as 'Done', everyone must understand what 'Done' means. Scrum Team members must have a shared understanding of what it means for work to be complete, to ensure transparency and is used to assess when work is complete on the product Increment. This Definition of Done provides the team guidance on what it takes to make the increment shippable.
質問 # 38
Steven, the Scrum Master, is approached by one of the Development Team members saying that they are not completing regression tests for all of the work they are performing to the level defined in the Definition of Done.
They have discussed this with the Product Owner and decided to remove regression testing from the Definition of Done.
Which two actions are the most appropriate for Steven to take? (Choose two.)
- A. Ask the Development Team and the Product Owner what problem they are trying to solve by altering the Definition of Done and removing regression testing from it. In what ways will this decision impact transparency and quality?
- B. Reject the decision as the long term maintainability of the product will be negatively impacted by modifying the Definition of Done.
- C. Ask the Development Team and the Product Owner if they are still able to produce potentially shippable product increments by altering the Definition of Done?
- D. Accept the decision as a mutual agreement has been made between the Development Team and the Product Owner.
正解：A、C
解説：
As a servant/leader, the Scrum Master facilitates conversations through open ended questions in order to help the team members make the best possible decisions according to what is known at the time. He/she does not approve or reject team decisions but ensures the team stays within the boundaries of the Scrum framework.
質問 # 39
During the Sprint, the Development Team realizes they might not be able to finish all of the items in the Sprint Backlog.
What should happen?
- A. The Sprint length holds and the Development Team continuously learns what is actually possible to do within the time-box.
- B. Continue Sprinting until the work is complete and redefine a new Sprint time-box based on the results of the current Sprint.
- C. Product Backlog items are either 'done' or 'not done.' This helps with transparency, reduces complexity and allows for improved empiricism.
正解：A
質問 # 40
What should a Development Team do if they don't understand a functional requirement?
- A. Request a specialist to be added to the Development Team.
- B. Move the item to a future Sprint.
- C. Work with the Product Owner to determine what is possible and acceptable.
- D. Complete as much as possible and add the remaining work as a new Product Backlog item.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
質問 # 41
As a Scrum Master, you observe that the Product Owner is not collaborating with the Development Team effectively.
What action would you take?
- A. Send the Product Owner to training.
- B. Coach the Product Owner.
- C. Nominate a proxy Product Owner.
- D. Act as the go-between.
正解：B
解説：
A Scrum Master coaches those inside and outside the team on the values of Scrum and incremental delivery.
質問 # 42
Which of the following statements are true about the Scrum Master role?
- A. The Scrum Master is responsible for updating the Scrum board and ensuring team members avoid conflicts.
- B. The Scrum Master helps those outside the Scrum Team understand which interactions are helpful and teaches the Development Team to keep the Scrum meetings within the timebox.
- C. At the Sprint Review, the Scrum Master demonstrates the completed Increment and answers any Question:s from the stakeholders.
- D. The Scrum Master assigns the tasks to Development Team members and ensures they are completed within the committed timebox.
正解：B
解説：
The Scrum Master is responsible not only for coaching the Scrum Team but also the organization.
質問 # 43
Steven is a Scrum Master for three Scrum Teams building the same product and working from the same Product Backlog. Management wants to standardize how velocity is calculated across all three teams in order to identify which teams are high performing and which teams need more support.
What would be the best two responses Steven could provide to management? (Choose two.)
- A. Velocity is the amount of business functionality that a Scrum Team creates in a Sprint. It is unique to that team and used as an input to Sprint Planning.
- B. Providing incentives based on velocity can increase the Scrum Team's motivation to produce more value.
- C. There is no direct relationship between velocity and value.
- D. Standardizing velocity across teams is a good way to understand which teams are producing the most value.
正解：A、C
解説：
Working software is the primary measure of progress. Scrum is based on empirical process control theory where delivering working software frequently and measuring the impact helps the Product Owner maximize opportunity for the business to deliver value.
質問 # 44
What would likely happen if management only changed the organization's current terminology to fit Scrum without the proper understanding and support of Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide?
- A. Very little change will happen as the vocabulary in Scrum is specifically defined for implementing Scrum.
- B. All answers apply.
- C. The organization may not realize the real benefits of Scrum as there would be no real change on the way the teams work.
- D. Organizations may feel less stressed as the behaviors would remain familiar to management.
正解：B
解説：
The defined terminology in Scrum was selected, designed, and defined specifically for supporting the Scrum Framework. Understanding the differences between traditional methods and the Scrum Framework will help move teams in the right direction in Scrum adoption.
質問 # 45
Which approach would you recommend to ensure that the Product Backlog items discussed at Sprint Planning are well understood, actionable, and easier to forecast?
- A. Having a separate group of business analysts and functional testers analyzing high-ordered Product Backlog items before Sprint Planning.
- B. Having the Development Team use some time during each Sprint to help the Product Owner analyze, estimate, and design items at the top of the Product Backlog that is projected to be worked on in the upcoming Sprint.
- C. Having the business analysts in the Development Team create the upcoming Product Backlog items during a Sprint and adding them to the next Sprint's forecast.
- D. Having the Product Owner work with stakeholders between the end of the last Sprint and before beginning the next to prepare the Product Backlog items so not to interrupt the Development Team.
正解：B
解説：
Product Backlog refinement is the act of adding detail, estimates, and order to items in the Product Backlog.
This is an ongoing process in which the Product Owner and the Development Team collaborate on the details of Product Backlog items. During Product Backlog refinement, items are reviewed and revised. The Scrum Team decides how and when refinement is done. Refinement usually consumes no more than 10% of the capacity of the Development Team. However, Product Backlog items can be updated at any time by the Product Owner or at the Product Owner's discretion.
質問 # 46
What factors are best considered when defining the Sprint length?
- A. How often team membership changes and the size of the Development Team.
- B. Having consistent Sprint length across all Scrum Teams.
- C. The level of expertise over the technology to be used, ability to release an Increment to the end users, and the risk of being disconnected from the stakeholders.
正解：C
質問 # 47
Who can prematurely cancel a Sprint?
- A. The Stakeholders
- B. The Scrum Master
- C. The Product Owner
- D. The Development Team
正解：C
解説：
Only the Product Owner can determine when items being worked on are obsolete.
質問 # 48
A Scrum Team has been working on the same product for twelve Sprints. What would likely be the immediate impact on the original Scrum Team if two new Scrum Teams are to be added the same product?
- A. Its productivity is likely to decrease.
- B. Its productivity is likely to stay the same.
- C. Its productivity is likely to increase.
正解：A
解説：
The productivity of the original Scrum Team would likely decrease as they would need to take time to assist and support the new Scrum Teams in order for them to perform optimally.
質問 # 49
What would be typical Scrum Master activities during the Sprint?
- A. Monitor the progress of the Development Team and assigning tasks.
- B. Remove impediments and facilitating inspection and adaptation opportunities as requested or needed.
- C. Avoiding conflicts and escalating to the line managers if conflicts occur.
正解：B
質問 # 50
How much time is allowed between the conclusion of the current Sprint and the start of the next Sprint?
- A. Enough time for the Product Owner to prepare the Product Backlog for Sprint Planning.
- B. Maximum of one day for Sprints that are time-boxed to two weeks.
- C. All of the above are allowed.
- D. Enough time for the last Increment to finish testing.
- E. None. A new Sprint starts immediately following the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
正解：E
質問 # 51
During the Sprint Review, one of the stakeholders announces that due to recent market changes, there is risk that funding might be reduced for the project. This triggers tensions to rise and arguments to break out between members.
As a Scrum Master, what would be the best two actions to take? (Choose two.)
- A. Defend the original budget and request the stakeholders to adhere to the original agreed funding for the product.
- B. Be objective and request for a short break for people to calm down.
- C. Inform everyone that the team needs to stay busy until the information is formally announced.
- D. Avoid getting involved as it is the Product Owner's responsibility to manage stakeholder expectations.
- E. Encourage the stakeholders and Product Owner to focus on delivering the highest value items for the next Sprint.
正解：B、E
解説：
The Scrum Master is responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum by helping everyone embody the values of commitment, courage, focus, openness and respect.
質問 # 52
The outcome of a Sprint can be impacted by which of the following? (Choose all that apply.)
- A. The working relationships and skills of the people on the Scrum Team(s).
- B. The complexity and stability of the technology.
- C. The complexity of the requirements.
正解：A、B、C
解説：
The knowledge, skills, behaviors of the team, and what's known and not known will impact not only how effective the team is but also the outcomes of what it can produce.
質問 # 53
What is the Development Team responsible for?
- A. Organizing the work required to meet the Sprint Goal and resolving internal team conflicts.
- B. Writing User Stories and ordering the Product Backlog.
- C. Reporting productivity and selecting the Sprint time-box.
正解：A
質問 # 54
Adding more resources in Scrum will proportionally increase the value delivered.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
When working on complex problems in complex environments, adding more resources (people, money, tools, etc.) cannot guarantee increased value or success.
質問 # 55
Steven is a Scrum Master that was hired to help an organization, that is new to Scrum, understands and enacts Scrum effectively.
Which three activities would be acceptable? (Choose three.)
- A. Educate stakeholders and clients about Scrum.
- B. Schedule formal trainings.
- C. Require all teams in the organization to start using Scrum as soon as possible.
- D. Arrange 1:1 coaching sessions to discuss any identified concerns Steven may have.
- E. Penalize any Scrum Team members who are not staying within the Scrum Framework.
- F. Extend Retrospectives to include formal training.
正解：A、B、D
解説：
The Scrum Master serves the organization in several ways, including: Leading and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption; Planning Scrum implementations within the organization; Helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact Scrum and empirical product development.
質問 # 56
At the Sprint Planning, the Development Team is not able to forecast the number of Product Backlog items it can do in the upcoming Sprint due to unclear requirements. The Product Owner, however, was able to clearly define the business objective he hopes to achieve in the Sprint.
Which of the following two actions would you support? (Choose two.)
- A. If all agree they can extend the Sprint Planning until the Development Team can forecast enough Product Backlog items before starting the implementation.
- B. They discuss in the upcoming Sprint Retrospective why this happened and what changes will make it less likely to occur again.
- C. The Development Team forecasts the most likely Product Backlog items to meet the business objective and create a Sprint Backlog based on a likely initial design and plan. Once the time- box for the Sprint Planning meeting is over, they start implementation and continue to analyze, decompose, and create additional functionality during the Sprint.
- D. Allow the Development Team members as much time as needed to review the Product Backlog items and reconvene with the Product Owner when they are confident enough to make a forecast for the Sprint.
正解：B、C
解説：
All events are time-boxed events, such that every event has a maximum duration. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal.
質問 # 57
Which of the following actions is appropriate for a Scrum Master at the Daily Scrum?
- A. All of the above.
- B. Leading the Daily Scrum.
- C. Making sure each member has an opportunity to answer all three Question:s.
- D. Teaching the Development Team to keep the Daily Scrum time-boxed to 15 minutes or less.
- E. Updating the Scrum board.
正解：D
質問 # 58
Which of the following are time-boxed events in Scrum?
- A. All of the above
- B. Sprint Retrospective
- C. Daily Scrum
- D. Sprint Planning
- E. Sprint Review
正解：A
質問 # 59
Steven is a Scrum Master of a Scrum Team that is new to Scrum. At the halfway point of the Sprint, the Product Owner comes to Steven telling him that he is concerned the Development Team will not be able to complete the entire Sprint Backlog by the end of the Sprint.
What should Steven do in this situation?
- A. Coach the Product Owner that with complex software development, you cannot promise the entire scope that was forecast during Sprint Planning. As more is learned during the Sprint, work may emerge that affects the Sprint Backlog.
- B. Add more people to the Development Team to meet the Product Owner's expectations.
- C. Motivate the Development Team to meet their commitment to the Product Owner.
- D. Advise the Product Owner that the Development Team owns the Sprint Backlog and it is up to them to meet their commitments. No one tells the Development Team how to turn Product Backlog into Increments of potentially releasable functionality.
正解：A
解説：
Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known. The Sprint Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in the next Increment and the work needed to deliver that functionality into a 'Done' Increment. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal.
Why C is incorrect:
a) The Dev Team does not commit to finishing all items in the Sprint Backlog. Committing to completing all items would be fixed scope and fixed time leaving no room to adapt. They commit to the Sprint Goal and doing the right thing.
b) It's also incorrect for the PO to focus on completing the entire Sprint Backlog. Finishing everything should not be his main focus. Having a shippable increment that meets the Sprint Goal is more important than trying to finish everything. The advice in option C is equivalent to "Don't worry, they'll get everything done." but because of the complex domain, you cannot guarantee everything will get done.
質問 # 60
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Scrum PSM-II試験は、30の多肢選択問題から構成され、受験者は90分間で試験を完了する必要があります。PSM-II試験の合格スコアは85％であり、つまり受験者は少なくとも25問を正しく回答する必要があります。この試験はオンライン監視される試験であり、つまり受験者は自宅やオフィスから試験を受けることができます。
Scrum PSM-II試験は、既にPSM-I認定を取得しており、Scrumの知識を次のレベルに引き上げたい専門家に最適です。また、経験豊富なScrumマスターやアジャイルコーチ、プロダクトオーナーなど、Scrumとその実践的なアプリケーションにおける専門知識を証明したい人にも適しています。この認定は、プロジェクト管理やソフトウェア開発にScrumを採用する組織にとって高く評価されており、この分野でキャリアを進めたい専門家にとって貴重な資産となります。
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