[2024年11月14日] 無料ISM CPSM CORe公式認定ガイドPDFダウンロード
ISM CORe公式認定ガイドPDF
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質問 # 66
A buyer finds an opportunity to reduce costs for a particular service through competitive bidding. The buyer issues a request for quotation (RFQ) to prequalified suppliers. However, the statement of work is incomplete, and not clear enough to get an accurate price for the service. Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the buyer to take in order to get a proper statement of work included in the RFQ?
- A. Gather information on the service and prepare a new statement of work
- B. Contact the stakeholders and coordinate the improvement of the existing statement of work
- C. Send an email to stakeholders and request a new statement of work
- D. Send an email to stakeholders asking them to review and update the current statement of work
正解：B
質問 # 67
RST Bus Corporation contracts with Supplier X to buy 5,000 gallons of diesel fuel per month over the course of a year. After the first delivery is used in RST's fleet of tour buses, several of the buses stall on the highway.
An inspection by RST's mechanics determines that the damage was caused by contaminated fuel. RST's supply manager notifies Supplier X that no further deliveries will be accepted, and that the supplier is expected to pay the cost of the repairs to the buses. In response, Supplier X cites its contract clause disclaiming warranties and liability, and its e-mail acceptance of RST's purchase order, including a statement that Supplier X's terms and conditions were applicable and available upon request. Supplier X contends that RST must accept all scheduled deliveries.
In this situation, which of the following is the BEST course of action for RST's supply manager to take?
- A. Absorb the cost of repairs, accept all of the diesel fuel, and contract with a refinery to reprocess the contaminated fuel at Supplier X's expense
- B. Contact RST's legal counsel, communicate the facts, and ask for their assistance in negotiating a solution to the problem
- C. Bill Supplier X for repairs to the buses, no longer accept deliveries, and find a new supplier of diesel fuel
- D. Refer the matter to the Department of Transportation for review and possible regulatory action against Supplier X
正解：B
解説：
* Contractual Dispute: Supplier X cites a contract clause disclaiming warranties and liability and contends that RST must accept all scheduled deliveries despite the fuel contamination.
* Legal Complexity: The situation involves complex legal issues regarding contract terms, disclaimers, and liability.
* Seeking Legal Assistance: Contacting RST's legal counsel ensures that expert advice is obtained to navigate the legal complexities, negotiate with Supplier X, and find a resolution that protects RST's
* interests.
References
* ISM. (n.d.). Managing Supplier Relationships and Contract Disputes.
* Harvard Business Review. (2016). When to Involve Legal Counsel in Contract Disputes.
質問 # 68
Which of the following financial statements is MOST useful in determining the capital expenditures of a company during the past year?
- A. The statement of cash flows, using the investing section
- B. The income statement, using the depreciation expense per year
- C. The balance sheet, using the ending balance of property, plant, and equipment
- D. The statement of retained earnings, using the profits that were reinvested in the company
正解：A
質問 # 69
An individual surveys 15 people under the age of 40 and asks for their current salary. The resulting histogram is shown below.
How many of those surveyed earn less than or equal to $50,000 a year?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
正解：C
質問 # 70
ABC, Inc. Is a large accounting partnership with member firms In 120 countries. ABC's international sourcing team is responsible for establishing contracts with the company's suppliers around the world.
While the quality of negotiated and executed contracts remains impeccable, the sourcing team has received numerous complaints about delays in processing contracts. The delays primarily occur at the contract execution stage, when the assigned sourcing specialist must obtain internal approvals from multiple parties, including international suppliers and member firms. Because of these delays, suppliers must wait until a contract is duly executed before they can start providing services, which has a significant impact on the member firms' commitments to their clients.
Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the sourcing team to take to address this issue?
- A. Subscribe to a digital signature service and execute contracts online, rather than sending the paperwork overseas via courier
- B. Allow member firms to execute contracts directly with their suppliers, in order to avoid processing delays
- C. Hire additional sourcing staff to manage the volume and reduce delays, and have the member firms cover the extra budget
- D. Allow suppliers to start the implementation of services as soon as they reach an agreement in principle, and formalize the paperwork later on
正解：A
質問 # 71
The owner of a small hardware store learns that a large competitor is opening a store nearby. The new competitor has smaller profit margins on each unit than the small store but earns profits through larger volume. Which of the following techniques would BEST help the small store remain competitive?
- A. Improve service by hiring workers specializing in the maintenance of power tools
- B. Lower prices below variable cost
- C. Run advertisements showing how neighborhoods improve through individual home improvement
- D. Increase the size of the store
正解：A
質問 # 72
The management of a company is evaluating a potential capital expenditure. They are
using a discount rate of eight percent. They decide to see what the impact would be of changing the discount rate to 10 percent. Which of the following measurements would change?
- A. Net present value
- B. Return on Investment (ROI)
- C. Internal rate of return
- D. Pay back period
正解：A
質問 # 73
Separating processes such as ordering, receiving, and payment into different duties to be performed by different employees represents what aspect of internal controls?
- A. Risk assessment
- B. Control activities
- C. Work control
- D. Quality control
正解：B
解説：
Separating processes such as ordering, receiving, and payment into different duties performed by different employees is a control activity. This aspect of internal controls helps prevent fraud and errors by ensuring no single individual has control over all aspects of a transaction, promoting accountability and accuracy within the organization. References: Internal controls frameworks (e.g., COSO), audit and compliance guidelines, risk management in procurement.
質問 # 74
A manufacturing company with plants and suppliers in numerous locations wants to cut its travel budget for the next year by 20%. Which of the following is MOST likely to help reduce travel costs?
- A. Lowering the allowable per diem
- B. Obtaining discounts from preferred providers of travel services
- C. Sending an individual rather than a team when conducting site visits
- D. Expanding use of video conferencing as an alternative to travel
正解：D
解説：
To reduce travel costs, expanding the use of video conferencing as an alternative to travel is the most effective solution. Video conferencing can significantly cut down on the need for physical travel, allowing for virtual meetings and collaboration. This approach not only reduces travel expenses but also saves time and increases productivity by enabling more frequent and flexible communication without the need for extensive travel.
References:
* "Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation" by Sunil Chopra and Peter Meindl
* Articles on cost management and technology adoption in supply chain management from the Journal of Business Logistics
質問 # 75
DEF, Inc. is a multinational oil company expanding into a new geographic region. The firm's policy is to purchase locally for its operations whenever possible. Thus, DEF needs to find sources of materials, basic equipment, and standard bulk items within the new region. Which of the following should DEF do FIRST?
- A. Issue a Request for Quotation (RFQ)
- B. Issue a Request for Proposal (RFP)
- C. Conduct a suppliers' conference
- D. Issue a Request for Information (RFI)
正解：D
解説：
* ] Understand the Need: DEF, Inc. needs to find local sources for materials and equipment in a new geographic region.
* Initial Information Gathering:
* An RFI is used to collect information about potential suppliers' capabilities, offerings, and market conditions.
* This step helps in understanding the supplier landscape and identifying potential suppliers.
* Evaluate Responses: Analyze the information gathered from the RFI to shortlist suppliers for further engagement.
* Subsequent Steps: Based on RFI responses, the company can issue RFQs or RFPs to procure the required materials and equipment. References:
* Procurement and Sourcing Best Practices
* Supplier Selection and Evaluation Processes
* Strategic Sourcing Frameworks
質問 # 76
A supply manager negotiates an agreement with a salesperson from the supplier's organization. With regard to signing the agreement, which of the following is MOST correct?
- A. No signatures are required, as the deal was already agreed upon between the supply manager and the salesperson.
- B. An authorized person from the buying firm and an authorized person from the supplier should sign the agreement.
- C. The presidents of both the buying firm and the supplier should sign the agreement.
- D. The supply manager and the salesperson should sign the agreement.
正解：B
解説：
* Authorized Signatures: An agreement should be signed by authorized persons from both the buying firm and the supplier to ensure that the contract is legally binding.
* Authority Verification: The supply manager and the salesperson may negotiate the terms, but the signatures should come from individuals with the authority to bind their respective organizations legally.
* Risk Mitigation: This ensures that the agreement is enforceable and reduces the risk of any party later claiming that the agreement is invalid due to unauthorized signatures.
* Organizational Policy Compliance: This practice ensures compliance with organizational policies regarding contract signing authority.
References:
* ISM: "Contract Management and Negotiation Strategies"
* CIPS: "Legal Aspects of Procurement and Supply"
質問 # 77
Which of the following activities will cause assets and owner's equity to decrease?
- A. Pay off the principal and interest of a long-term debt
- B. Declare dividends on outstanding shares
- C. Sell used plant equipment and realize a gain
- D. Repurchase common shares for cash
正解：D
質問 # 78
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding Company A? Exhibit:
- A. The efficiency in using inventory of Company A increased in 2013.
- B. The efficiency in collecting receivables of Company A increased in 2013.
- C. The solvency of Company A increased in 2013.
- D. The profitability of Company A increased in 2013.
正解：A
質問 # 79
RST, Inc. is a global electronics manufacturer which has purchased electronic assemblies from Supplier X for many years. RST has experienced occasional quality problems with these assemblies, and these problems have caused significant delays in production. Because RST's senior management regards Supplier X as a loyal supplier, the firm has not looked to replace it. Nevertheless, RST's supply manager feels that Supplier X has become complacent in Its relationship with RST and is behind the market in important technological advances.
Which of the following should the supply manager do FIRST to convince RST's senior management to re-source the electronic assemblies?
- A. Perform an on-site quality assessment of Supplier X
- B. Present a global business case to senior management, as the market for the assemblies is international
- C. Begin the seven-step strategic sourcing process
- D. Present a value analysis of Supplier X to both RST's and Supplier X's senior management
正解：B
解説：
To convince senior management to re-source electronic assemblies, the supply manager should present a global business case. This approach considers the international market dynamics and highlights the competitive disadvantage of continuing with a supplier that has quality issues and lacks technological advancements. Presenting a value analysis (A), performing an on-site quality assessment (C), or starting the strategic sourcing process (D) are useful steps but might not be as compelling initially as a comprehensive business case. References: Strategic sourcing best practices, supplier evaluation criteria, global market analysis in procurement.
質問 # 80
A supply manager for PQR, Inc. is negotiating a contract to purchase software. The software will streamline PQR's online purchasing process with a one-click buy function. The supply manager wants to ensure PQR's performance expectations are met and that the consequences of failure to perform are properly captured. In this situation, which of the following is MOST important for the supply manager to include in the contract?
- A. Warranties
- B. Service-level agreements
- C. Maintenance and support
- D. Protective covenants
正解：B
解説：
* Understanding the Contract Needs: The supply manager's primary concern is ensuring that the software meets PQR's performance expectations and that there are clear consequences if these expectations are not met.
* Service-Level Agreements (SLAs): SLAs are contractual commitments between a service provider and a client. They specify the performance standards the provider must meet and the remedies or penalties for failing to meet them.
* Performance Expectations: By including SLAs in the contract, the supply manager ensures that there are measurable performance metrics for the software, such as uptime, response time, and resolution time for issues.
* Consequences of Failure: SLAs also outline the consequences if the vendor fails to meet the agreed-upon standards. This can include penalties, service credits, or termination of the contract.
* Protective Covenants, Warranties, and Maintenance and Support: While these are important, they do not directly address the performance expectations and consequences of failure as effectively as SLAs.
References
* CIPS (Chartered Institute of Procurement & Supply). (n.d.). Service Level Agreement (SLA) - A detailed guide.
* SCMDOJO. (n.d.). The importance of SLAs in Procurement Contracts.
質問 # 81
Managers at a fast food chain that employs mostly minimum wage workers learn that a new law may increase the minimum wage in the United States by 25 percent. Assuming demand for labor is NOT perfectly elastic, how will this affect the market outcome?
- A. As more people will be willing to work for the higher wage, the fast food chain's output will increase.
- B. Price and quantity of fast food will not change, but the fast food chain will capture more value.
- C. Demand for fast food will increase, offsetting the change in price due to decreased supply.
- D. At any market price, fast food restaurants will be willing to supply less food.
正解：D
解説：
Topic 3, Financial Accounting
質問 # 82
A company owns an empty office building and is deciding how to use it next year. It would cost $100,000 to staff the office and $15,000 for equipment. The revenues would be $160,000. Meanwhile, it could rent the office to another company for $75,000 in revenues. In both cases, the company must pay $5,000 for the building's electricity. If the company is seeking to maximize its economic profit, which course should it pursue and what is the outcome?
- A. Use the office, and earn $40,000 in economic profit.
- B. Rent the office, and earn $35,000 in economic profit.
- C. Rent the office to another company, and earn $30,000 in economic profit.
- D. Rent the office to another company, and earn $70,000 in economic profit.
正解：C
質問 # 83
XYZ Company asks a specialized fastener supplier for its help in choosing a fastener for a new product. The supplier recommends its proprietary part for the application. After several months of production, many field issues are reported due to loose fasteners. The supplier refuses to take responsibility, claiming that the blame lies with XYZ. In this situation, which of the following is TRUE?
- A. As the requirement for the fastener to hold is not clearly described in the product specifications, XYZ has no recourse.
- B. XYZ Is the product owner and therefore has sole responsibility and no recourse.
- C. Implied warranties such as fitness for intended purpose cannot be waived, and therefore XYZ is protected.
- D. XYZ is protected under implied warranty for intended purpose, as the supplier knew the planned use and was relied upon for expertise.
正解：D
質問 # 84
On the balance sheet, which of the following options would be included in the Paid-In Capital account?
- A. Cash contributed by owners of the business
- B. Reserves and accounting provisions
- C. Equity investments in other companies
- D. A cumulative amount of previous profits
正解：A
質問 # 85
An aerospace company has a long-standing partnering relationship with a supplier to develop a new technology. This technology gives the buying organization a competitive advantage. Which of the following BEST describes this type of supplier?
- A. Strategic
- B. Transactional
- C. Approved
- D. Preferred
正解：A
解説：
A supplier that collaborates closely to develop new technology and provides a competitive advantage is best described as:
* Approved: This generally refers to suppliers that meet basic qualification criteria.
* Strategic: This term denotes a supplier with whom the company has a long-term partnership, often involving significant collaboration and integration, contributing to competitive advantages.
* Transactional: These suppliers are engaged for routine purchases without significant collaboration.
* Preferred: This status is higher than approved but does not necessarily imply a strategic partnership.
Given the context, the supplier is best described as strategic.
References:
* Supplier relationship management literature.
* Institute for Supply Management (ISM) guidelines on strategic partnerships.
質問 # 86
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