[2025年02月12日]L4M7試験ブレーン問題集で学習注釈と理論
合格させるCIPS L4M7テスト練習テスト問題試験問題集
CIPS L4M7試験は3つのユニットに分割されており、それぞれが前のユニットで開発された知識とスキルに基づいて構築するように設計されています。最初のユニットは、資産管理の原則と全生命の原価計算の重要性をカバーしています。 2番目のユニットは、サプライヤーの選択、契約管理、調達ツールとテクニックの使用など、資産の調達に焦点を当てています。 3番目のユニットは、パフォーマンス管理、リスク管理、資産管理におけるテクノロジーの使用など、資産の運用とメンテナンスをカバーしています。
CIPS L4M7試験は、プロジェクトマネージャーやエンジニア、測量士、施設マネージャーなど、資産管理に携わるプロフェッショナルに最適です。また、このフィールドでキャリアを追求したい個人や、自己の知識を拡大したいと思っている人にも適しています。この認定は世界的に認知され、様々な産業界の雇用主から高く評価されています。
質問 # 135
One of the important outputs of an MRP system is the material requirement plan. This plan shows the net requirements for materials or components to make the final product. Which of the following best describes the net material requirements?
- A. Total requirements - order releases + amount on-hand
- B. Gross requirements + on-order - Inventory on-hand
- C. On order + Inventory on-hand
- D. Gross requirements - Inventory level - Scheduled receipt
正解：D
解説：
The net requirements are worked out using the following equation:
Net requirements = Total requirements - Available inventory
Where:
Total requirements = Gross requirements
Available inventory = Inventory on-hand + Units on-order
In the other words: Net requirements = Gross requirements - Inventory on-hand - Units on-order Inventory on-hand is also known as Inventory level, whereas Units on-order can be called Scheduled receipt.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.3
質問 # 136
Which of the following is another name for scheduled (routine) maintenance?
- A. Preventative maintenance
- B. Predictive maintenance
- C. Run to breakdown
- D. Corrective maintenance
正解：A
解説：
There are different types of maintenance that organizations use to increase the uptime of their assets and utility of their facilities. Based on an organization's budget, amount of resources, level of combined experience, and maintenance goals, one or more maintenance types are used.
Proactive types of maintenance
Preventive maintenance
Preventive maintenance is the most popular type of proactive maintenance. To start conducting preventive maintenance tasks (PMs), an organization does not need to purchase new technology if it already has a CMMS. This is not the case with predictive maintenance which requires condition monitoring sensors and new software integrations. However, with preventive maintenance, the or-ganization runs the risk of over-scheduling maintenance tasks because tasks are scheduled based on time rather than actual conditions. That said, preventive maintenance achieves 12% to 18% cost savings over reactive maintenance.
Predictive maintenance
Predictive maintenance (PdM) is what savvy maintenance teams aspire to have or are already im-plementing. The major barrier to PdM is the time it takes to implement rather than the cost of the technology itself. For instance, a vibration sensor that can identify imbalance, misalignment, and resonance issues only costs around $200. But the time it takes to install, integrate with other maintenance software, and adopt a culture around is not time that all organizations are willing to allocate. For those that do allocate the time, PdM provides an 8% to 12% cost savings over preventive maintenance.
Condition-based maintenance
Condition-based maintenance (CBM) is at the core of predictive maintenance but, on its own, does not rely on technology to determine the condition of an asset like PdM does. For instance, a manager may instruct an operator to monitor the condition of an asset and submit a work request when a specific condition is met. This approach may, or may not be, as reliable as predictive maintenance. An organization that has highly-trained operators may spot hazardous conditions better than an organization using PdM technology that doesn't know what to look for.
Scheduled maintenance
Scheduled maintenance includes work that is scheduled on a calendar for completion. The most common type of scheduled maintenance is calendar-based preventive maintenance tasks. These are scheduled well in advance of completion. For instance, an asset with a monthly PM has twelve instances of scheduled maintenance in a given year. However, just because maintenance is scheduled does not mean it's planned. Planned maintenance implies that a maintenance planner or other type of maintenance worker has fully planned for parts, materials, skills, and other resources to be available during the scheduled time window.
Planned maintenance
Planned maintenance is work that's prepared for in advance of it taking place. According to an UpKeep survey, it's also the most popular key performance indicator (KPI) to track. A high planned maintenance percentage indicates that a maintenance team will have resources available to complete work for the time/day the work is scheduled for. Having a high planned maintenance percentage also helps boost other maintenance KPIs like schedule compliance. More planned maintenance means more successful completion of scheduled maintenance.
Routine maintenance
Routine maintenance is a form of time-based maintenance and preventive maintenance, though some organizations differentiate between routine maintenance and preventive maintenance. They use the latter for smaller tasks (i.e. cleaning) performed at higher frequencies (hourly, daily) and the former for larger tasks (i.e. inspections) performed at lower frequencies (weekly, monthly, annually). Additionally, routine maintenance is performed by operators, janitors, and other staff member while preventive maintenance is performed by technicians. Non-routine maintenance includes maintenance that is performed reactively or only when needed based on an asset's conditions.
Reactive types of maintenance
Emergency maintenance
Emergency maintenance occurs when an asset requires immediate attention in order to keep a facility operational or safe. This is the most reactive and intrusive type of maintenance as it pulls technicians away from other jobs and lowers schedule compliance. In extreme circumstances, emergency maintenance can set an organization back days depending on the scope of the repair, available parts, and the asset's level of importance. To reduce the amount of emergency maintenance that is both unplanned and unscheduled, organizations adopt various forms of proactive maintenance.
Corrective maintenance
Corrective maintenance is inherently part of emergency maintenance because, when there is an emergency, something needs corrected or fixed. In this way, corrective maintenance is mostly reactive. However, it can also be proactive. If an asset with a condition monitoring sensor detects an issue, a work order is created and a technician is sent to correct it. Similarly, preventive maintenance is considered corrective maintenance if there is an issue to fix. This is rare though as PMs are often conducted when an asset is in good working order.
Other types of maintenance
Deferred maintenance
Deferred maintenance includes repairs and inspections that are put into a backlog due to limited budget and resources. While deferring maintenance saves money up front, the costs of not performing important maintenance compounds at 7% annually. Rising costs come from fines resulting from missed inspections and unscheduled downtime that brings production to a standstill. By far, deferred maintenance and emergency maintenance are the least desired types of maintenance.
Total productive maintenance
Total productive maintenance (TPM) is the broadest type of maintenance that targets more than the assets that need maintained. It also aims to improve employee satisfaction and overall morale in the workplace, specifically in manufacturing plants. TPM does this by increasing overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) and the amount of planned maintenance. More planned work means more workers have the resources they need to do their job, which means higher levels of satisfaction. TPM also leverages machine operators to participate in maintenance and take ownership of their equipment.
Reference:
Types of Maintenance - Upkeep
CIPS study guide page 158-159
LO 3, AC 3.1
質問 # 137
Toll Group has thousands of end-of-life IT assets that need to be disposed of. The senior manage-ment of Toll Group is largely concerned about sustainability in waste management, especially electronic waste. Before selecting a supplier to manage the process, the procurement team is required to assess the environmental risks regarding disposal of the assets. Risk assessment is basically based on the measurement of which factors?
1. Impact
2. Reward
3. Surveillance
4. Likelihood
- A. 2 and 4 only
- B. 1 and 3 only
- C. 2 and 3 only
- D. 1 and 4 only
正解：D
解説：
All risk management processes follow the same basic steps, although sometimes different jargon is used to describe these steps. Together these 5 risk management process steps combine to deliver a simple and effective risk management process.
Step 1: Identify the Risk. You and your team uncover, recognize and describe risks that might affect your project or its outcomes. There are a number of techniques you can use to find project risks. During this step you start to prepare your Project Risk Register.
Step 2: Analyze the risk. Once risks are identified you determine the likelihood and consequence of each risk. You develop an understanding of the nature of the risk and its potential to affect pro-ject goals and objectives. This information is also input to your Project Risk Register.
Step 3: Evaluate or Rank the Risk. You evaluate or rank the risk by determining the risk magni-tude, which is the combination of likelihood and consequence. You make decisions about whether the risk is acceptable or whether it is serious enough to warrant treatment. These risk rankings are also added to your Project Risk Register.
Step 4: Treat the Risk. This is also referred to as Risk Response Planning. During this step you assess your highest ranked risks and set out a plan to treat or modify these risks to achieve acceptable risk levels. How can you minimize the probability of the negative risks as well as enhancing the opportunities? You create risk mitigation strategies, preventive plans and contingency plans in this step. And you add the risk treatment measures for the highest ranking or most serious risks to your Project Risk Register.
Step 5: Monitor and Review the risk. This is the step where you take your Project Risk Register and use it to monitor, track and review risks.
Reference:
- What are the 5 Risk Management Steps in a Sound Risk Management Process?
- CIPS study guide page 192-193
LO 3, AC 3.3
質問 # 138
An organisation might find it more beneficial to lease and use an asset over a predetermined period. After this period, the lessee has the right to secure an outright ownership of the asset by paying an agreed amount; otherwise, the asset would be repossessed by the lessor. Which of the following is an advantage of leasing?
- A. Costs are known and agreed in advance
- B. The total cost of ownership is not applicable as the asset is leased
- C. Long-term commitment to pay instalments even if not using the asset
- D. The usage of the asset is usually capped
正解：A
質問 # 139
'The main consideration in designing the layout of a warehouse is the size of the storage space utilized.' Is this statement TRUE?
- A. No, because other considerations such as the traffic flow within the store are important
- B. Yes, because large space provides assurance that stocks will not run out
- C. Yes, because suppliers need to be assured that the orders they receive will have storage when delivered
- D. No, because the most important consideration in stores design is the location of the main exit
正解：A
解説：
While storage space is important, traffic flow and accessibility are crucial for efficient warehouse design.
Proper layout ensures safe, quick movement of goods and minimizes bottlenecks, reducing operational costs and enhancing efficiency. In whole-life asset management, effective space utilization and efficient layout planning are key for long-term warehouse performance.
質問 # 140
XYZ Ltd organises a meeting in order to decide on the safety stock level of a strategic material which is used in XYZ latest product - DMD. To do this, they must forecast the future demand for this new product. In the meeting, external consultants are invited to join with cross-functional team. Each person of the group anonymously replies to questionnaires and subsequently receives feedback in the form of a statistical representation of the "group response," after which the process repeats itself. The goal is to reduce the range of responses and arrive at something closer to expert consensus. XYZ Ltd is using which forecasting method?
- A. Time series analysis
- B. Delphi method
- C. Holt-Winters seasonal method
- D. Objective forecasting technique
正解：B
解説：
Delphi method was developed in the 1950s, originally to forecast the impact of technology on warfare. The method entails a group of experts who anonymously reply to questionnaires and subsequently receive feedback in the form of a statistical representation of the "group response," after which the process repeats itself. The goal is to reduce the range of responses and arrive at something closer to expert consensus. The Delphi Method has been widely adopted and is still in use today. Delphi method is a subjective forecasting technique Holt-Winters forecasting is a way to model and predict the behavior of a sequence of values over time-a time series. Holt-Winters is one of the most popular forecasting techniques for time series. It's decades old, but it's still ubiquitous in many applications, including monitoring, where it's used for purposes such as anomaly detection and capacity planning.
Time series analysis is a statistical technique that deals with time series data, or trend analysis. Time series data means that data is in a series of particular time periods or intervals.
Objective forecasting approaches are quantitative in nature and lend themselves well to an abun-dance of data. There are three categories of objective forecasting methods: time series, caus-al/econometric, and artificial intelligence.
LO 2, AC 2.3
質問 # 141
ASI Ltd is known for its commitment to sustainability. ASI builds railroad ties and pilings using recycled plastic bottles and industrial waste instead of standard materials such as wood, steel, and cement. This practice helps the company save 15% in compare with traditional material purchases. Which pillar of sustainability would include the practice of ASI Ltd?
- A. People and Planet
- B. Profit and People
- C. Planet and Profit
- D. Profit and Expense
正解：C
解説：
The triple bottom line is a sustainability framework that examines a company's social, environment, and economic impact (or People, Planet, Profit). ASI Ltd practice would reduce the waste into the environment as well as keep the business more profitable. So the correct answer should be Planet and Profit.
質問 # 142
Lean principle focuses on eliminating eight types of waste. Waste in Lean manufacturing is defined as...?
- A. Rejection of material because of quality related problems
- B. Non value-adding steps in a process
- C. Part of activity when operator is idle
- D. Part of any activity which is inevitable
正解：B
解説：
Lean thinking aims to remove wastes from work processes. Before diving into the 8 wastes, it is important to understand what waste is. Waste is any action or step in a process that does not add value to the customer. In other words, waste is any process that the customer does not want to pay for.
The original seven wastes (Muda) was developed by Taiichi Ohno, the Chief Engineer at Toyota, as part of the Toyota Production System (TPS). The seven wastes are Transportation, Inventory, Motion, Waiting, Overproduction, Overprocessing and Defects. They are often referred to by the acronym 'TIMWOOD'. The
8th waste of non-utilized talent or 'Skills' of workers was later introduced in the 1990s when the Toyota Production System was adopted in the Western world. As a result, the 8 wastes are commonly referred to as
'TIMWOODS'.
Source: The lean way
質問 # 143
Which of the following refer to material used for filling the void left in the box but they have poor environmental profile?
- A. Polystyrene chips
- B. Metal racking
- C. Cages
- D. Polypropylene straps
正解：A
解説：
Void filling is the general term giving to the challenge of filling the space left in a box after the products have been packed. This means that if there is no void filling material, the product inside can move around and could be damaged. Materials to fill voids to secure contents
* Polystyrene (PS) is a synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon polymer made from the monomer known as styrene.
[5] Polystyrene can be solid or foamed. General-purpose polystyrene is clear, hard, and rather brittle. It is an inexpensive resin per unit weight. It is a rather poor barrier to oxygen and water vapour and has a relatively low melting point.[6] Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics, the scale of its production being several million tonnes per year.[7] Polystyrene can be naturally transparent, but can be coloured with colourants. Uses include protective packaging (such as packing peanuts and CD and DVD cases), containers, lids, bottles, trays, tum-blers, disposable cutlery[6] and in the making of models. Polystyrene is generally considered to be non-biodegradable. However, certain organisms are able to degrade it, albeit very slowly.
* Chips made of bio-degradable materials
* Absorbent and fire-resistant material
* Shredded paper, cardboard or wood-Based material
* Paper or cardboard rolls
* Bubble wrap
* Air-filled cushions
* Self expanding foam
Straps are used to group items into unit load. Polypropylene or polyester are the materials most often used.
The wider the strap, the stronger it will be. Using more than one strap and straps for length and width will create a strong place for stock.
質問 # 144
A manufacturer has discovered that some of the stock in its storeroom is obsolete, and now wishes to take the appropriate action. Should the manufacturer write the stock off?
- A. No, it should be included with the closing stock
- B. No, the best approach would be to leave the stock where it is
- C. Yes, as it has no value it must be written off
- D. Yes, this will increase the sales for the period
正解：C
解説：
Writing off obsolete stock is standard practice as it no longer holds any value for the organization. This allows for accurate financial reporting by removing items that cannot be sold or used from the balance sheet.
Including it in closing stock would misrepresent asset values, while leaving it unsorted wastes valuable space.
Whole-life asset management emphasizes disposal or recycling options to avoid holding costs for unused assets, reducing storage costs and improving warehouse efficiency.
質問 # 145
What cost factors should be considered for the maintenance and repair of manufacturing equipment?
* Direct labor cost
* Cost of utilities during the use of the equipment
* Cost of the goods being sold
* Guarantee and warranty cost
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 3 and 4 only
- C. 2 and 3 only
- D. 1 and 4 only
正解：D
解説：
Maintenance and repair costs include:
* Direct labor: Expenses for personnel performing maintenance tasks.
* Warranty costs: Expenses associated with warranty obligations or repairs within the warranty period.
These costs are part of whole-life asset management, which aims to accurately budget for and manage ongoing equipment expenses.
質問 # 146
Which of the following allow an organisation to have more flexible space for storage by leveraging the facilities of other parties? Select TWO that apply.
- A. Installing double-deep pallet racking
- B. Consignment stocking
- C. Temporary warehousing
- D. Adopting carousel-type storage
- E. Eliminating dead stock or inventory
正解：B、C
解説：
Temporary warehousing (or 'Very short-term warehousing') is offered in the market where organ-isation makes their requirements for space open online to offers or bids for available space. This appears to be an emerging market and service providers in the UK and USA typically quote a price per pallet per week with some also requiring a 'transaction fee' for movements of each pallet in and out.
Consignment stocking is a facility offered by a supplier to a buyer to allow a delivery of stock to the buyer with payment only after it is used or sold to a customer.
Double-deep pallet racking and carousel-style storage are two tools that leverage space within a warehouse:
Double-deep pallet rack
Carousel style storage
質問 # 147
Can RFID tags work when they are attached to metal surfaces or embedded within metal products?
- A. Yes, all RFID tags can be used in every environmental conditions
- B. Yes, some technologies allow RFID tags to work on metal or within metal products
- C. No, metal surface reflects the radio wave and thus interferes the operations of RFID tags
- D. No, RFID tags only work with plastic products
正解：B
解説：
Mounting or embedding RFID tags on metal can be tricky. Metal surfaces reflect energy emitted from RFID readers and create interference for RFID tag antennas, which means the tag isn't able to receive power and transmit information; however, specific RFID tags will work around metal sur-faces. RFID companies have patented technology that allows RFID to work when attached to metal surfaces and even embedded within metal products. As long as you choose the correct RFID equipment for your environment and application, you won't need to worry about interference from metal.
質問 # 148
Company XYZ is a candy manufacturer. Company XYZ makes a batch of 1,000 Christmas candy canes that are no longer edible after December 31. Company XYZ is able to sell 750 canes of the batch, but the other
250 are sitting in the warehouse. December 31 comes, and these candy canes is no longer sell-able. The batch of 250 candy canes belongs to which type of inventory?
- A. Redundant inventory
- B. Buffer stock
- C. Obsolete inventory
- D. Stockout
正解：C
解説：
Obsolescent stock is stock, usually finished goods, which is in good condition and satisfactory working but for which demand is irreversibly falling towards zero. Once this demand reaches zero the stock can be considered 'obsolete'. It cannot be used or sold in its current state. Food ingredients (like candy canes) which are out of date are another example.
質問 # 149
Which of the following are typical characteristics of 2D barcodes? Select TWO that apply.
- A. 2D barcodes can contain more data than 1D barcodes
- B. 2D barcodes can be read by linear scanners
- C. Every 2D barcodes must conform international standards
- D. 2D barcodes are exclusively used for marketing purpose
- E. The 2D barcodes are machine-readable
正解：A、E
解説：
Two-dimensional (2D) barcodes look like squares or rectangles that contain many small, individual dots. This has many different types (i.e. Data matrix, QR codes, Aztec code,...) and several different standards in use (i.e. GS1 standards, ISO/IEC 18004:2015). It can be substituted for 1D barcode, but it has the capability to hold a larger amount of data. For examples, GS1 Data Matrix can contain 3116 Numeric characters or 2335 Alphanumeric characters while GS1-128 barcode has maximum capacity of 48 characters.
Like 1D barcodes, 2D barcodes are also machine-readable with dots/squares and spaces. They have symbology like this:
Since the code is two dimensional, conventional laser scanner can't read it. 2D barcodes require imaging scanner to read.
2D barcodes can be also used for different purposes throughout the supply chain: identifying prod-ucts/SKU (single unit, packaged or pallet), identifying content of a purchase order or delivery, identifying the batch number from which the item originates, identifying the manufacturer, country of origin etc, tracking status of an order, shipment or delivery Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.2
質問 # 150
U-shape flow layout can utilise handling equipment if the high demands items locate adjacent to shipping docks. Is this statement true?
- A. Yes, because U-shape layout allows S-line routing more efficient
- B. Yes, because this layout places receiving docks and despatch docks close to one another
- C. No, because cross-docking is impossible in U-shape flow warehouse
- D. No, because aisles between racks in U-shape flow are too small for any handling equipment
正解：B
解説：
A 'U' flow occurs when the goods receipt and dispatch functions are located at the same end of a warehouse building.
Products flow in at receiving, move in to storage in the back of the warehouse, and then to shipping, which is located at the adjacent to receiving on the same side of the building.
Items with higher throughput level are located closer to the loading bays. An example of a 'U' flow design can be seen in the diagram below.
Advantages of 'U' Flow
- Excellent utilization of dock resources because the receiving and shipping processes can share dock doors
- Facilitating cross-docking because the receiving and shipping docks are adjacent to one another and may be co-mingled
- Excellent lift truck utilization because put away and retrieval trips are easily combined and be-cause the storage locations closest to the receiving and shipping docks are natural locations to house fast moving items
- Yields excellent security because there is a single side of the building used for entry and exit Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.1
質問 # 151
Which of the following best describe the function of MRP?
- A. Planning and controlling of production and inventory
- B. Planning and controlling of production and finance
- C. Planning and monitoring of production resources only
- D. Planning and monitoring of inventory resources
正解：A
解説：
Material requirement planning (MRP) is a production planning and material (inventory) control system used in manufacturing. Objectives of MRP are to ensure materials are available for production while minimising inventory and to plan production and procurement activities.
MRP process is described in the graph below:
Text Description automatically generated
質問 # 152
Which of the following are the key elements of total productive maintenance?
1. Reactive maintenance
2. Quality maintenance
3. Deferred maintenance
4. Autonomous maintenance
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 2 and 4 only
- C. 1 and 3 only
- D. 2 and 3 only
正解：B
解説：
Total productive maintenance (TPM) is an innovative concept in the manufacturing industry that evolved from the idea of preventive maintenance to adopt practices of productive maintenance, maintenance prevention, and reliability Engineering. What we now refer to as TPM, has become an ingenious approach to achieve overall equipment effectiveness by involving the workforce behind the machines (i.e. the operators).
8 pillars of TPM
1) 5S - Sort, straighten, shine, standardize, and sustain
Just like a physical structure starts with a grounded framework, building a strong TPM process requires a strong foundation in the form of the principles of 5S. This is a workplace organization method that is simplified into 5 basic steps:
Sort tools, equipment, and materials to identify which of these can be discarded Straighten and set things in proper order to reduce unnecessary motion and efficiently travel be-tween working groups and locations Shine refers to performing necessary housekeeping to clean up the work area Standardize and schedule activities to systematically form the habits to keep the workplace orga-nized Sustain the process and principles for long-term applications The 5S approach provides a systematic approach to cleaning the workplace, thereby uncovering underlying problems and challenges.
2) Autonomous maintenance
Maintenance tasks and caring for equipment should start with the people using the equipment. The empowerment of operators to work on small maintenance tasks effectively allows the maintenance teams to focus on more specialized assignments.
3) Continuous improvement
Also known as the Japanese term Kaizen, Continuous Improvement promotes the attitude of pro-gressing towards zero losses and zero defects. Through small but continual tweaks to processes, the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the organization is developed.
4) Planned maintenance
Planned maintenance activities are essential to the prevention of equipment breakdown. Planned maintenance is performed by periodically evaluating the condition of equipment to proactively prevent deterioration and mechanical failures.
5) Quality maintenance
To ensure the satisfaction of the customer, manufacturing processes aim for zero-defect production. Standards for superior quality, and checks on whether the standards are being met, should be in place. The goal of quality maintenance is to identify any possible causes of deviations from zero-defect production.
6) Training
The idea of TPM is that everyone does their part to contribute to the overall productivity of the production process. In order to achieve optimum performance, and to build each member's competence, proper training is required to equip each one with the theoretical and practical know-how of working with machines and equipment.
7) Office TPM
A key role that is often overlooked is the administrative department that works behind the scenes. Like the rest of the production teams and processes, the management and administrative functions are also subject to productivity improvement. Tins includes identifying and eliminating losses, and contributing to the overall performance of the plant.
8) Safety, health, and environment
The last of the eight pillars focuses on creating a safe workplace. The essence of this pillar is real-ized when actively applied to each of the other pillars. The successful implementation of this pillar will contribute to a secure and hazard-free workplace.
質問 # 153
The width of aisles within a warehouse is determined by...?
- A. Turning cycle of forklift and the size of pallets
- B. The location of goods-in and goods-out doors
- C. The length of storage racking
- D. The height of the building
正解：A
解説：
Below is a formula from Toyota you can use to make an informed decision.
1. Start with the basic right-angle stacking width
2. Add the load length
3. Add 12 inches for clearance
The basic right-angle stacking width is the smallest amount of space a forklift needs turn in order to insert its forks into a pallet. You can find basic right-angle stack measurements in the equipment manual or by contacting TMHNC if your business is located in Northern California. This measurement does not include the length of the load or room need for clearance.
Load lengths vary depending on your application, products, etc. As a starting point, a standard pallet has a 48- inch load length. Always check your forklift's data plate for the rated capacity (which is affected by attachments and other factors).
Adding 12 inches for clearance ensures you have enough room for your forklift's turn radius and helps protect against damage from operator error and/or product that may hang over the edge of the pallet.
質問 # 154
Which of the following allow the operators to access higher levels in warehouse facility? Select TWO that apply:
- A. Grab
- B. Stacker crane
- C. Scissor platform
- D. Carousel
- E. Order picker
正解：C、E
解説：
It is important to ensure safe working in storage facilities, and access to higher shelves or racking presents a challenge. Lifting at full reach becomes a problem at relative low weight. There can also be danger for other workers who are around someone working at height, from the movement of equipment or dropping stock from a height.
Scissor platforms are used in high-roof warehouses to gain access to lighting, high-racking units and sections of wall and roof.
ORDER PICKER is manual or powered device - some with ride-on capability and some without. This allow for low-level, medium-level and high-level picking of various items. Many are equipped with forks to allow transfer capability of larger picked boxes. Higher-level and narrow or very narrow -aisle versions have the ability to elevate operators on the front platform to higher racking to pick items.
Grabs are designed to hold stock either width-wise or from above. These are either specific devices designed for grabbing materials or are available as an accessory to forklift trucks.
Carousels are space-efficient, rotating devices which allow access to a large range of product from a single location. Designs are variable, with carousels rotating horizontally or vertically until the required items can be retrieved.
Stacker-cranes are designed for the automated storage and retrieval of unit loads, in high-bay warehouses.
They travel in aisles equipped with guide rails, electrical supply, data transmission and control systems. To ensure the storage and retrieval functions, the stacker-crane carries out three types of movement : long-travel, lifting and picking.
質問 # 155
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