[2025年11月02日]PMI-PBA試験問題集でPMI練習テスト問題
最新でリアルなPMI-PBA試験問題集解答
PMI-PBA、またはPMI Professional in Business Analysisは、Project Management Institute（PMI）が提供する認定プログラムです。この認定は、ビジネス分析に関与している専門家と、ビジネス分析スキルの向上を検討しているプロジェクトマネージャー向けに特別に設計されています。 PMI-PBA認定は世界的に認識されており、専門家の履歴書に貴重な追加です。
質問 # 28
A business analyst is leading a project to implement automated order entry software at a local pizza restaurant. The business analyst has very little information about the project: the ordering process takes too long and often ends in incorrect orders.
What step should the business analyst take next?
- A. Request information on the current ordering process and compare it with other companies.
- B. Select the software to implement and start working with the technical resources.
- C. Schedule a requirements gathering sessions with the manager of the ordering department.
- D. Identify testing resources to support the implementation.
正解：A
解説：
Requesting information on the current ordering process and comparing it with other companies is a technique that involves gathering data and benchmarking best practices from similar or relevant sources. Requesting information on the current ordering process and comparing it with other companies can help the business analyst to take the next step after completing the requirements by analyzing the current state of the problem, identifying gaps or opportunities for improvement, and proposing possible solutions or alternatives. References: = PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline (2019), page 12; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide (2015), page 69.
質問 # 29
The requirements traceability matrix should primarily be used to:
- A. address the responsibility owner for each requirement.
- B. ensure that all requirements have been met.
- C. define a convention to map the requirements to their sources.
- D. identify the risks associated with dependent requirements
正解：B
質問 # 30
A stakeholder requests to add new critical requirements the day before the scheduled baseline requirements approval meeting. The stakeholder insists that these requirements must be taken into account despite time and budget constraints.
What is the most effective way to manage this situation?
- A. Share the new requirements with all stakeholders and ask them to submit their comments before the meeting.
- B. Ask for more resources to manage this change and justify these additional resources with the value the change will give to the company.
- C. Discuss the change with stakeholders during the baseline approval meeting and ask them to approve the new baseline.
- D. Postpone the baseline approval meeting, analyze the impact, and schedule a new meeting to discuss dependencies and priorities with stakeholders.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
According to the PMI Guide to Business Analysis, one of the best practices for managing changes to requirements is to communicate them to all relevant stakeholders and solicit their feedback before approving or rejecting the change request. This ensures that the impact of the change is understood and agreed upon by all parties, and that the change does not introduce any conflicts or inconsistencies with the existing requirements. By sharing the new requirements with all stakeholders and asking them to submit their comments before the meeting, the business analyst can facilitate a constructive discussion and reach a consensus on how to proceed with the change request. References: PMI Guide to Business Analysis, page
287-288.
質問 # 31
Which of the following tools will help facilitate the decision-making process when stakeholders do not agree on the value of an initiative?
- A. PEST analysis
- B. B. Force-field analysis
- C. Gap analysis
- D. Feasibility analysis
正解：D
解説：
A force-field analysis is a tool that helps to identify and analyze the factors or forces that support or oppose a change or an initiative. It can help to facilitate the decision-making process when stakeholders do not agree on the value of an initiative by showing the pros and cons of the initiative, as well as the relative strength and importance of each factor. A force-field analysis can also help to develop strategies to increase the supporting forces or decrease the opposing forces, or both, to achieve the desired outcome. A PEST analysis is a tool that helps to examine the external factors that affect an organization or an initiative, such as political, economic, social, and technological factors. It does not help to facilitate the decision-making process when stakeholders do not agree on the value of an initiative, as it does not show the internal factors or the balance of forces. A feasibility analysis is a tool that helps to evaluate the viability and suitability of a project or an initiative, as well as the risks and benefits associated with it. It does not help to facilitate the decision-making process when stakeholders do not agree on the value of an initiative, as it does not show the supporting and opposing forces. A gap analysis is a tool that helps to compare the current state and the desired state of a process, a product, or a service, and identify the gaps or differences between them. It does not help to facilitate the decision-making process when stakeholders do not agree on the value of an initiative, as it does not show the factors or forces that influence the initiative. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline1, PMI Guide to Business Analysis2, Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide3, What is Force Field Analysis: Definition and Example
質問 # 32
A company has launched a new online sales application and engaged a focus group to test how quickly the customer could place an order. The focus group also provided feedback on their satisfaction.
Which metrics tool should the business analyst use to record the results?
- A. Customer
- B. Sales and marketing
- C. Business completion
- D. Focus group
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
A customer metrics tool is a tool that measures the satisfaction, loyalty, retention, and advocacy of customers.
It helps to evaluate the performance and quality of the products or services offered by a company, as well as the effectiveness of the customer service and support. A customer metrics tool can also provide insights into the needs, preferences, expectations, and feedback of customers, which can help to improve the customer experience and increase customer retention and referrals. Some examples of customer metrics tools are12:
Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT): This tool measures how satisfied customers are with a specific product, service, or interaction. It typically uses a scale of 1 to 5 or 1 to 10, where higher scores indicate higher satisfaction. CSAT can be used to assess the overall satisfaction of customers, or to focus on specific aspects, such as ease of use, quality, or speed.
Customer Effort Score (CES): This tool measures how easy or difficult it is for customers to complete a task, such as placing an order, resolving an issue, or finding information. It usually uses a scale of 1 to 7, where lower scores indicate lower effort. CES can be used to identify and eliminate the pain points and friction that customers encounter, and to enhance the customer experience and loyalty.
Net Promoter Score (NPS): This tool measures how likely customers are to recommend a product, service, or company to others. It uses a scale of 0 to 10, where customers are classified as detractors (0-6), passives (7-8), or promoters (9-10). NPS can be used to gauge the loyalty and advocacy of customers, and to calculate the growth potential and profitability of a company.
Churn Rate: This tool measures the percentage of customers who stop using a product or service within a given period of time. It can be calculated by dividing the number of customers who left by the total number of customers at the beginning of the period. Churn rate can be used to monitor the retention and attrition of customers, and to identify the reasons and factors that cause customers to leave.
Customer Lifetime Value (CLV): This tool measures the total revenue or profit that a customer generates for a company over their entire relationship. It can be calculated by multiplying the average purchase value by the average purchase frequency, and then multiplying the result by the average customer lifespan. CLV can be used to estimate the value and profitability of each customer, and to allocate resources and strategies accordingly.
A focus group is not a metrics tool, but rather a research method that involves a small group of customers who share their opinions and experiences about a product, service, or topic. A focus group can provide qualitative data and insights, but not quantitative measurements. A business completion metrics tool is a tool that measures the percentage of customers who complete a desired action, such as signing up, purchasing, or renewing. It can be used to evaluate the conversion and retention rates of customers, and to optimize the customer journey and funnel. A sales and marketing metrics tool is a tool that measures the performance and effectiveness of the sales and marketing activities and campaigns of a company. It can be used to track and analyze the sales and marketing goals, strategies, and outcomes, and to improve the sales and marketing efficiency and ROI. References: 1 The Top 5 Customer Satisfaction Metrics You Need to Track; 2 Customer Satisfaction Metrics: 7 Best Metrics to Measure
質問 # 33
Which tool is the most appropriate to aid in development of measurable and actionable requirements for a new project?
- A. Entity relationship diagram
- B. Use case diagram
- C. Network diagram
- D. Activity-on-node diagram
正解：B
質問 # 34
An insurance company embarks on a project to replace its current enrollment and billing software application, which will no longer be supported by the end of the calendar year. The new enrollment and billing application must be implemented before the current vendor contract ends. The business analyst gathers the initial requirements for the new enrollment and billing application. Based on the large volume of requirements, the business analyst realizes that the requirements will need to be prioritized.
Which requirements prioritization method should the business analyst use for this project?
- A. Weighted ranking
- B. Time-boxing
- C. Risk analysis
- D. MoSCoW
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Explanation/Reference: https://www.modernanalyst.com/Resources/Articles/tabid/115/ID/3332/Techniques-to-Prioritize- Requirements.aspx
質問 # 35
During a requirements workshop, sponsors and managers from different departments express varying points of view and priorities about the product's functions and requirements. The business analyst struggles with facilitating the group to reach an agreement.
What should the business analyst have defined to avoid this?
- A. Decision-making process in the project management plan
- B. Communications approach in the project management plan
- C. Decision-making process in the business analysis plan
- D. Communications approach in the business analysis plan
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The decision-making process in the business analysis plan defines how decisions will be made regarding the requirements and the business analysis approach. It specifies the roles and responsibilities of the decision makers, the criteria and methods for making decisions, and the process for resolving conflicts and disagreements. Having a clear decision-making process can help the business analyst facilitate the requirements workshop and reach an agreement among the stakeholders with different points of view and priorities. References: = PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)
Examination Content Outline,
page 13.
質問 # 36
A business analyst is trying to determine which analysis technique will be best suited to elicit information from a large number of users in a short period of time. Which elicitation technique is best suited for this purpose?
- A. Questionnaire
- B. Group brainstorming
- C. Facilitated workshop
- D. Ongoing observation
正解：C
質問 # 37
A business analyst is trying to complete the requirement documentation of a project and finds that the developers have started development. The business analyst should first facilitate the:
- A. requirements gathering workshops with the stakeholders.
- B. requirements sign-off with the customer.
- C. requirements acceptance with the customer.
- D. requirements validation with the testers.
正解：B
解説：
The requirements sign-off is a process that involves obtaining the formal approval and acceptance of the requirements from the customer and other stakeholders. The requirements sign-off confirms that the requirements are clear, complete, correct, and consistent, and that they meet the customer's needs and expectations. The requirements sign-off also establishes a baseline for the development and testing of the solution, and serves as a reference point for managing changes and resolving issues. The business analyst should first facilitate the requirements sign-off with the customer before the developers start development, to ensure that the requirements are agreed upon and validated by all parties, and to avoid rework, delays, and conflicts later in the project. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline1, page 18; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide2, page 92.
質問 # 38
The business managers had clearly stated that the delivered website must simultaneously accommodate millions of users around the globe. However, within the first week of the production launch, the website crashes frequently.
This situation could have been averted if:
- A. essential product requirements were captured and tested.
- B. quality attributes were captured and tested.
- C. nonfunctional requirements were identified and tested.
- D. critical business requirements were accommodated and tested.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
Nonfunctional requirements are the characteristics or qualities of a solution that describe how well it performs or operates. They include aspects such as usability, reliability, availability, scalability, security, performance, etc. The website crashing frequently indicates that the nonfunctional requirements related to availability and performance were not identified and tested properly. Quality attributes are another term for nonfunctional requirements, so option A is equivalent to option C. Critical business requirements and essential product requirements are both functional requirements, which describe what a solution does or provides, not how well it does it. Therefore, options B and D are incorrect. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)
Examination Content Outline, page 18; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 114-115.
質問 # 39
A company wants to procure a tool to improve customer satisfaction and loyalty. Which of the following documents would provide basis for analyzing vendor products?
- A. Business case
- B. Project charter
- C. Storyboard
- D. Survey
正解：D
質問 # 40
When determining the value of a business case, which tool or technique should be used?
- A. SWOT analysis
- B. Feasibility analysis
- C. Cost-benefit analysis
- D. Variance analysis
正解：C
解説：
A cost-benefit analysis is a tool or technique that compares the expected costs and benefits of a project or an investment. It helps to determine the value of a business case by estimating the net present value (NPV) of the project, which is the difference between the present value of the benefits and the present value of the costs. A positive NPV indicates that the project is worth pursuing, while a negative NPV suggests that the project should be rejected. A cost-benefit analysis can also calculate the return on investment (ROI) of the project, which is the ratio of the net benefits to the net costs. A higher ROI implies a higher value of the business case. A cost-benefit analysis can also consider the qualitative aspects of the project, such as the risks, assumptions, constraints, and opportunities12.
A variance analysis is a tool or technique that compares the actual performance of a project with the planned or expected performance. It helps to identify and explain the deviations or differences between the actual and planned results, such as costs, schedule, scope, quality, and benefits. A variance analysis can also provide corrective actions or recommendations to improve the project performance and align it with the business case13.
A SWOT analysis is a tool or technique that evaluates the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of a project, a business, or a situation. It helps to identify the internal and external factors that can affect the success or failure of the project or the business. A SWOT analysis can also provide strategies or actions to leverage the strengths and opportunities, and to overcome or mitigate the weaknesses and threats14.
A feasibility analysis is a tool or technique that assesses the viability and practicality of a project or a solution.
It helps to determine if the project or the solution can be implemented within the available resources, time, budget, and technology. A feasibility analysis can also evaluate the potential benefits and risks of the project or the solution, and compare it with other alternatives15.
References: 1 PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline, page 10-
11; 2 Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 123-124; 3 Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 125-126; 4 Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page
127-128; 5 Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 129-130
質問 # 41
During validation of a project solution, the business analyst discovers that a requirement has been altered.
Instead of placing the company logo in the upper-left corner of the window, it is displayed in the upper-right corner. When the business analyst asks the developer about the change, the developer says that one of the stakeholders asked directly for the change.
Which corrective action should the business analyst take?
- A. Discuss the change in the next stakeholder meeting.
- B. Confront the stakeholder that requested the change.
- C. Follow the change control process as defined in the business analysis plan.
- D. Ask the developer to correct the logo as stated in the requirement.
正解：C
解説：
The change control process is a set of procedures and tools that are used to manage changes to the requirements and the solution throughout the project life cycle. The change control process is defined in the business analysis plan, which is a document that describes how the business analysis activities will be performed, monitored, and controlled. The business analysis plan also specifies the roles and responsibilities of the business analyst and other stakeholders involved in the change control process. The business analyst should follow the change control process as defined in the business analysis plan to ensure that any changes to the requirements are properly documented, analyzed, approved, communicated, and implemented. By following the change control process, the business analyst can avoid scope creep, maintain the quality and integrity of the requirements, and align the solution with the business needs and objectives. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline1, page 24; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide2, page 133.
質問 # 42
A project team delivers a solution based on the approved requirements and is confident that it meets the defined acceptance criteria.
What should the business analyst do to obtain signoff?
- A. Contact the stakeholder who provided the majority of requirements in the traceability matrix.
- B. Refer to the RACI matrix to identify who is responsible for signoff.
- C. No signoff is necessary.
- D. Contact the sponsor.
正解：B
解説：
A RACI matrix is a tool that defines the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in a project or a process. It clarifies who is Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed for each task or deliverable. The business analyst should refer to the RACI matrix to identify who is responsible for signoff, as this person has the authority and accountability to approve the solution and its testing results. Contacting the sponsor, the stakeholder who provided the majority of requirements, or the project manager may not be appropriate, as they may not be the designated person for signoff according to the RACI matrix. No signoff is necessary is incorrect, as signoff is an important step to confirm that the solution meets the requirements and acceptance criteria. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline1, page 13; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide2, page 77.
質問 # 43
A company is pleased with its delivered solution and reports that it has heard only minimal complaints for the first three months of use.
How can the business analyst determine how well the solution meets the business case?
- A. Ask the sponsor for feedback.
- B. Compare the results of day-in-the-life (DITL) testing and integration testing.
- C. Conduct a user survey.
- D. Survey the project.
正解：C
解説：
A user survey is a technique that can be used to determine how well the solution meets the business case. A user survey is a method of collecting feedback from the end users of the solution about their satisfaction, preferences, expectations, needs, problems, or suggestions. A user survey can help to measure the performance, quality, usability, and value of the solution and compare it with the expected benefits and outcomes defined in the business case. A user survey can also help to identify areas for improvement or enhancement of the solution. Asking the sponsor for feedback is not sufficient to determine how well the solution meets the business case, as it does not capture the perspective of the end users who are directly affected by the solution. Surveying the project is not relevant to this scenario, as it does not focus on the solution but rather on the project management processes and practices. Comparing the results of day-in-the- life (DITL) testing and integration testing is not effective, as it does not reflect the actual usage and experience of the solution by the end users after deployment. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline1, page 14; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide2, page 80.
質問 # 44
Which of the following is an example of a functional requirement?
- A. The system is able to require passwords.
- B. The system provides an user-friendly interface.
- C. The system can be accessed from multiple locations.
- D. The system can handle 3.000 user requests concurrently.
正解：C
質問 # 45
A company is developing a new product for a customer and is required to verify and validate the product against the customer's acceptance test plan and requirements. The product was successfully verified against the acceptance test criteria, but the customer does not believe that the product meets the requirements.
This occurred because the customer's acceptance test plan:
- A. was incomplete and missing requirements.
- B. was not included in the work breakdown structure.
- C. did not have measurable and testable requirements.
- D. was not formally accepted by the company.
正解：D
質問 # 46
A business analyst captures an application's current limitations and consults with end users to identify new features for the next version.
What can be used to analyze this information and determine project scope?
- A. Capability table
- B. Root cause analysis
- C. As-is process
- D. Requirements traceability matrix
正解：A
解説：
A capability table is a tool that lists the current capabilities of an application and compares them with the desired capabilities identified by the end users. A capability table can help the business analyst to analyze this information and determine project scope by showing the gaps between the current and future states of the application, and prioritizing the new features that will address those gaps. A capability table can also help to define the high-level requirements and objectives of the project. References: = PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline (2019), page 11; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide (2015), page 67.
質問 # 47
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