[2025年03月21日] 完全版最新のISO-45001-Lead-Auditor問題集で100%カバー率問題と解答があなたをリアル試験で合格させる
最新ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor試験問題集で有効最新の問題集
質問 # 24
When calculating an ISO 45001 third party initial audit duration, which two of the following statements are false?
- A. Consider the number of functions related to OHS management
- B. Incorporate the time taken to travel to/from the audit location
- C. Consider the number of sites to be sampled
- D. Include outsourced processes
- E. Think about the complexity of the organization's business
- F. Include the time allocated for lunch breaks
正解：B、F
解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Analysis of Each Option:
A . Consider the number of functions related to OHS management.
True.
The number of functions related to OHS management directly impacts the audit duration. More functions require additional time for the auditor to review documentation, processes, and implementation across those areas.
Reference: IAF MD 5:2020, Clause 2.3.1 (factors affecting audit time).
B . Consider the number of sites to be sampled.
True.
For multi-site organizations, the number of sites to be sampled is critical in calculating audit duration. Sampling requirements are determined using guidelines such as IAF MD 1:2022 and depend on the complexity, size, and risks associated with each site.
Reference: IAF MD 1:2022, Clause 4.2.
C . Include outsourced processes.
True.
Outsourced processes that affect the OHS management system must be evaluated as part of the audit. This includes reviewing the organization's control over such processes. Auditing these aspects impacts the audit duration.
Reference: ISO 45001:2018, Clause 8.1.4 and IAF MD 5:2020, Clause 2.3.1.
D . Include the time allocated for lunch breaks.
False.
Lunch breaks are not considered part of the audit duration as they do not contribute to the assessment of the management system. Audit time calculations exclude non-working hours, including breaks.
Reference: IAF MD 5:2020, Clause 2.5.
E . Incorporate the time taken to travel to/from the audit location.
False.
Travel time is excluded when calculating the audit duration. While travel logistics are considered in audit planning, they do not count towards the total audit time.
Reference: IAF MD 5:2020, Clause 2.5.
F . Think about the complexity of the organization's business.
True.
The complexity of the organization's business, including the nature of hazards, risks, and legal obligations, significantly affects the audit duration. More complex operations typically require longer audit times.
Reference: IAF MD 5:2020, Clause 2.3.1.
Key ISO and IAF Reference:
ISO 45001:2018: Clause 9.2.2 (Audit Program).
IAF MD 5:2020: "Determination of Audit Time of Quality and Environmental Management Systems." IAF MD 1:2022: "Audit and Certification of Multiple Sites Based on Sampling."
質問 # 25
A trainee audit team leader Is being coached by an experienced audit team leader prior to carrying out his first Stage 2 certification audit in the team leader role. They are discussing the typical contents of audit reports and the experienced audit team leader is keen to ensure the trainee understands what such reports should contain.
Which three of the trainee's responses are incorrect?
- A. The audit conclusions reached
- B. Confirmation of the audit scope
- C. Contact details for all members of the audit team
- D. Audit findings and any related evidence
- E. A statement of the audit objectives
- F. A corrective action plan that add-cross the identified nonconformities
- G. A copy of the certification body Invoice for the audit
- H. A reference to the audit criteria used
正解：C、F、G
解説：
Audit reports should provide a clear summary of the audit process, findings, and conclusions based on the defined scope, objectives, and criteria. They do not include administrative details (e.g., invoices) or operational aspects (e.g., corrective action plans).
Analysis of Options:
A : A copy of the certification body invoice for the audit:
Incorrect. Invoices are unrelated to the content of audit reports and are handled separately.
B : A reference to the audit criteria used:
Correct. Audit criteria (e.g., ISO 45001 standards) must be included in the report to define the basis for the audit.
C : A statement of the audit objectives:
Correct. The report must outline the objectives to ensure clarity on the purpose of the audit.
D : Audit findings and any related evidence:
Correct. Findings and evidence are essential to support conclusions and recommendations.
E : Confirmation of the audit scope:
Correct. The scope defines the boundaries of the audit and must be documented in the report.
F : Contact details for all members of the audit team:
Incorrect. Personal contact details are unnecessary and not typically included in reports.
G : The audit conclusions reached:
Correct. Conclusions summarize the outcomes of the audit, such as conformity, nonconformities, or recommendations.
H: A corrective action plan that addresses the identified nonconformities:
Incorrect. Corrective action plans are the auditee's responsibility and not included in the audit report.
ISO Reference:
ISO 19011:2018, Clause 6.7.3: Content of audit reports.
質問 # 26
Out of the following, which is not the Part of PDCA cycle ISO 45001? Select the correct option, and then select Submit.
- A. Environment Management Program
- B. Treatment of Risks
- C. Analyzing OHSMS Performance
- D. OHSMS Policy
正解：A
解説：
The PDCA cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) is a core framework in ISO 45001 for continual improvement of the OH&S management system. An Environmental Management Program is part of ISO 14001 (Environmental Management System) and not ISO 45001.
Analysis of Options:
A . Treatment of Risks:
Correct. Risk treatment is part of the Plan phase.
B . OHSMS Policy:
Correct. The policy is developed in the Plan phase.
C . Environment Management Program:
Incorrect. This is outside the scope of ISO 45001 and relates to ISO 14001.
D . Analyzing OHSMS Performance:
Correct. Performance analysis is part of the Check phase.
ISO Reference:
Clause 0.3: PDCA framework in ISO 45001.
質問 # 27
Which two of the following are examples of audit objectives for the audit team?
- A. To complete the audit on time.
- B. To reduce instances of injury and ill health.
- C. To improve overall health and safety performance.
- D. To implement any necessary corrective action.
- E. To minimise risk resulting from the audit process.
正解：A、E
解説：
Audit objectives for the audit team focus on ensuring the audit process is executed effectively, efficiently, and without causing undue disruption to the organization being audited. ISO 19011:2018 provides guidance on setting audit objectives.
Analysis of Options:
A . To reduce instances of injury and ill health:
Incorrect. This is an objective of the OH&S management system, not of the audit itself.
B . To minimise risk resulting from the audit process:
Correct. ISO 19011 emphasizes managing risks to the auditee and the audit process during audits (Clause 5.4).
C . To improve overall health and safety performance:
Incorrect. Improving health and safety performance is an outcome of the OH&S management system, not the audit team's objective.
D . To complete the audit on time:
Correct. Ensuring timely completion of the audit aligns with effective audit management.
E . To implement any necessary corrective action:
Incorrect. Implementing corrective actions is the auditee's responsibility, not the audit team's.
Reference:
ISO 45001:2018:
Clause 5.4: Worker consultation and participation.
Clause 6.2: OH&S objectives and planning.
Clause 8.1.2: Hierarchy of controls and worker involvement.
ISO 19011:2018: Guidelines for auditing management systems.
質問 # 28
Aitchandness inc, manufactures safety footwear and other items of personal protective equipment (PPE). The organisation applied for ISO 45001 certification, and after the initial certificate audit, the certificate body decided that the audit team leader should carry out a follow-up audit to determine whether the non-conformities could be closed out.
A major non-conformity was raised at Stage 2 because of inadequate storage and handling of chemical used in the production process. Minor non-conformities related to retaining documentation, staff safety training and inadequate testing of emergency procedures.
Select four of the actions which the auditor could take at the follow-up audit to determine the effectiveness of corrective action for the non-conformities.
- A. Determine whether an updated risk assessment has been carried out on the revised chemical storage and handling processes.
- B. Ask whether the organization's internal audit schedule was revised to included more audit associated with the storage and handling of chemicals.
- C. Check whether documented procedures for the revised processes have been signed off by the OH&S Manager.
- D. Interview staff to see whether they have received training in the revised emergency response procedures.
- E. Inspect the relevant areas to check whether chemical were being stored and handled in a safe manner.
- F. Check that the safety data sheets associated with the chemical being used where checked for completeness.
- G. Interview the OH&S Manager to determine whether additional health and safety objectives have been established.
- H. Ask to review the latest emergency response drill report to check whether the revised emergency response process is fit for purpose
正解：A、C、E、H
解説：
Follow-up audits verify that corrective actions have been implemented effectively and address the root cause of the nonconformities.
Analysis of Options:
A . Review the latest emergency response drill report:
Correct. This verifies whether emergency response processes are functional and effective.
B . Check if the internal audit schedule was revised:
Incorrect. While beneficial, this is not directly related to closing out the nonconformity.
C . Check safety data sheets for completeness:
Incorrect. While this ensures compliance, it is not directly related to verifying corrective actions.
D . Check if revised procedures were signed off:
Correct. This confirms that changes were properly documented and approved.
E . Determine whether an updated risk assessment was carried out:
Correct. Risk assessments confirm the effectiveness of new controls.
F . Inspect areas for safe chemical storage and handling:
Correct. Direct observation ensures that corrective actions are implemented effectively.
G . Interview staff on revised emergency procedures:
Incorrect. While important, this does not directly address the effectiveness of corrective actions for chemical storage.
H . Interview the OH&S Manager about additional objectives:
Incorrect. This is unrelated to the specific nonconformities raised.
ISO Reference:
Clause 10.2.2: Verification of corrective actions.
Clause 8.1.2: Hazard identification and controls.
質問 # 29
What does ISO 45001 say are the hazards that have to be considered when planning a health and safety management system? Select the ONE best answer.
- A. Work activities, workplace design, and human factors such as hours of work and bullying and harassment
- B. Work hazards and environmental factors such as bad weather
- C. Work activities where there is the possibility of danger
- D. Hot-work, working at height, enclosed space entry, and work on electrical equipment
正解：A
解説：
ISO 45001:2018 requires a holistic approach to occupational health and safety. This means considering all aspects that could impact worker well-being, not just obvious physical hazards. The correct answer encompasses work activities (the tasks themselves), workplace design (the physical environment), and human factors (psychological and social aspects like working hours and harassment). It's the most comprehensive and aligned with the standard's philosophy ISO 45001:2018, Clause 6.1.2, outlines requirements for hazard identification. Hazards to consider include work activities, workplace design, human factors, and social factors that may impact OH&S. These go beyond traditional physical risks and include psychosocial and organizational hazards.
Analysis of Options:
A . Work activities, workplace design, and human factors such as hours of work and bullying and harassment:
Correct. This comprehensively addresses hazard categories outlined in ISO 45001, Clause 6.1.2.
B . Work activities where there is the possibility of danger:
Too general. ISO 45001 includes broader categories of hazards, including those related to organizational and social factors.
C . Hot-work, working at height, enclosed space entry, and work on electrical equipment:
Too narrow. These are specific hazards but do not encompass the full range outlined in ISO 45001.
D . Work hazards and environmental factors such as bad weather:
Incomplete. While environmental factors are relevant, ISO 45001 also includes workplace design, human factors, and psychosocial hazards.
ISO Reference:
Clause 6.1.2.1: Hazard identification.
Annex A.6.1.2: Examples of hazard categories, including workplace design and human factors.
質問 # 30
During an internal audit of an OHSMS, what evidence would the auditor look for to demonstrate conformity to ISO 45001? Match each item with the correct ISO 45001 clause number.
正解：
解説：
Reference:
Clause 4.1: Understanding the organization and its context.
Clause 6.1.2.2: Assessment of risks and opportunities related to OH&S.
Clause 6.1.3: Compliance obligations.
Clause 8.1.4.2: Control of external providers.
質問 # 31
You are conducting an ISO 45001 audit of Widgets Inc.., an organization manufacturing machine parts for the aerospace industry, You find a short entry in the incident report file connecting a machine operator who suffered minor injury to his face four weeks ago when a small ribbon of metal hit him while operating his machine.
The subsequent investigation found that he was not wearing the required protective Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). He was subject to disciplinary action and warned that he would lose his job if it happened again.
Select two option of points of investigation which you would consider in order to determine conformity or nonconformity with clause 10.2 of ISO 45001.
- A. Interview the operator to check if the was wearing the correct PPE.
- B. Check whether any corrective actions were taken to eliminate or reduce the risk of recurrence of the Incident.
- C. Determine whether the Health and Safety Authority was notified of the incident
- D. find out whether the operator was sent to the hospital.
- E. Find out when the operator's machine was last subject to a maintenance programme.
- F. Establish whether the Incident Investigation determined the root cause of the Incident
正解：B、F
質問 # 32
Wokrer's participations is a key factor for the success of OHSMS. Which three of the following ISO 45001 activities require workers' participation?
- A. Establishing OHS policy
- B. Establishing OHS objectives
- C. Determining competence requirements
- D. Managing internal audit programme
- E. Determining what needs to be communciated
- F. Determining actions to eliminate hazards
正解：A、B、F
解説：
Worker participation is a fundamental principle of ISO 45001 (Clause 5.4). It ensures workers at all levels are involved in key activities to enhance the OH&S management system's effectiveness.
Analysis of Options:
A . Determining competence requirements:
Incorrect. Determining competence is primarily the responsibility of management, though workers may provide input.
B . Establishing OHS objectives:
Correct. Worker involvement ensures objectives are realistic and relevant to workplace conditions (Clause 6.2).
C . Managing internal audit programme:
Incorrect. Managing audits is typically a managerial responsibility, though workers may participate in audits.
D . Determining actions to eliminate hazards:
Correct. Workers' insights are critical in identifying and implementing actions to eliminate hazards (Clause 8.1.2).
E . Determining what needs to be communicated:
Incorrect. While communication strategies impact workers, their participation in determining communication needs is not explicitly required.
F . Establishing OHS policy:
Correct. Workers should be involved in developing policies to ensure relevance and buy-in (Clause 5.2).
ISO Reference:
Clause 5.4: Worker participation.
Clause 6.2: OHS objectives.
Clause 8.1.2: Hierarchy of controls and hazard elimination.
質問 # 33
Showitoff is an organization specialization in the design and production of wall decorating materials for the domestic market.
During an ISO 45001 certification audit of the site, the auditor comes across an open, walled area just outside the maintenance department. It contains various scraps of wood and metal as well as serveral rusty components. Several heavy concrete beams are learning against a thin brick wall in which cracks are available. When asked about it, the OHS Manager states that he presumes that the materials come from maintenance work, so it is the Maintenance Manager's responsibility.
The auditor interview the Maintenance Manager in his department. He asks about the area outside and is told that it contains some excess material that the Manager likes to keep in case they come in handy at some stage. The auditor points out that the wall appears to be unstable and could collapse at any moment. The Maintenance Manager is not aware of such a situation.
The auditor decides to review the process for evaluation of compliance with health and safety regulations in more depth.
Select six option that provide a meaningful audit trail for this process.
- A. How ore updates to OH&S regulations monitored?
- B. How is the cost of safety Improvements calculated?
- C. How arc maintenance start made aware of regulatory requirements?
- D. What are the qualifications of the OHS Manager and Maintenance Managers?
- E. What input does the Maintenance Manager have in the determination of legal compliance?
- F. What is the cost of repairing the wall?
- G. How arc OH&S objectives verified?
- H. How are OHSMS records of compliance evaluations controlled and managed?
- I. What knowledge does the OHS Manager have in relevant safety leaislation?
- J. What hazards have been identified as being associated with regulations?
正解：A、C、E、H、I、J
解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference An audit trail for evaluating compliance with regulations should focus on the identification, communication, and monitoring of legal and other requirements. Clause 9.1.2 of ISO 45001:2018 requires organizations to evaluate compliance with applicable OH&S legal and other requirements.
Analysis of Options:
A: What is the cost of repairing the wall?
Irrelevant to compliance evaluation, as cost considerations are not part of legal compliance.
B: What hazards have been identified as being associated with regulations?
Correct. Identifying hazards is a critical step in understanding compliance obligations (Clause 6.1.2).
C: How are maintenance staff made aware of regulatory requirements?
Correct. Communication and training are vital for compliance (Clause 7.3).
D:How are OH&S objectives verified?
Not directly relevant to compliance evaluations, as objectives pertain to performance improvement.
E:How are OHSMS records of compliance evaluations controlled and managed?
Correct. Proper documentation and record-keeping are essential for demonstrating compliance (Clause 7.5).
F :How are updates to OH&S regulations monitored?
Correct. Monitoring regulatory changes is critical for maintaining compliance (Clause 6.1.3).
G :How is the cost of safety improvements calculated?
Irrelevant to compliance, as cost analysis is not required by ISO 45001.
H:What are the qualifications of the OHS Manager and Maintenance Manager?
While competence is important, this does not directly relate to compliance evaluations.
I :What input does the Maintenance Manager have in the determination of legal compliance?
Correct. Understanding the roles and responsibilities of key personnel ensures effective compliance (Clause 5.3).
J :What knowledge does the OHS Manager have in relevant safety legislation?
Correct. Awareness of applicable legislation is critical for effective compliance evaluation (Clause 7.2).
ISO Reference:
Clause 9.1.2: Evaluation of compliance.
Clause 6.1.2: Hazard identification and risk assessment.
Clause 7.5: Documented information.
質問 # 34
You are auditing a site of Good Food Shack, a restaurant chain. In the kitchen area, you notice a half-filled open drum sitting in a pool of liquid, which is dribbling across a work are a. You ask the head Chef what is in the drum and are told it is waste the frying process. When you ask why it is kept there, You are told that it is not normally kept there, but it not a problem and says that he will arrange it to be moved to a storeroom and will give the floor a good clean.
Look around the kitchen, you observe knives and cleavers lying around on worktops, staff wearing no protective gloves and a large pot of boiling water with nobody near it. There is no evidence of any fire extinguishers of fine blankets within sight.
You decide to raise a nonconformance. Select one of the options that best describes the finding against clause 8.1.2 of ISO 45001.
- A. Failure to reduce risks associated with working in the kitchen.
- B. Training of the kitchen staff was not effective enough to prevent poor safety awareness in the kitchen area.
- C. Measures to prevent slippage in the kitchen from waste cooking oil were not taken.
- D. Staff are at risk of serious injury while working in the kitchen.
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Clause 8.1.2 of ISO 45001 pertains to Eliminating Hazards and Reducing OH&S Risks. Organizations must implement appropriate controls to manage workplace hazards effectively.
Issue Identified:
The kitchen environment at the audited site presents multiple hazards, including:
Oil spillage creating a slip hazard.
Open drums of waste material posing a chemical or hygiene hazard.
Unsecured knives and cleavers increasing the risk of cuts.
Boiling water left unattended, posing a risk of burns.
Lack of visible fire extinguishers or fire blankets, increasing fire risk.
Analysis of Options:
A . Failure to reduce risks associated with working in the kitchen.
This option accurately captures the broader failure to implement effective measures to eliminate or reduce hazards across multiple areas in the kitchen.
B . Measures to prevent slippage in the kitchen from waste cooking oil were not taken.
This is specific to one hazard (oil spillage) and does not address other significant risks observed, such as fire safety or sharp tools.
C . Staff are at risk of serious injury while working in the kitchen.
While true, this is more of a general observation and does not address the root cause of the hazards or the failure of controls.
D . Training of the kitchen staff was not effective enough to prevent poor safety awareness in the kitchen area.
Although training deficiencies may contribute to the issue, this option does not reflect the overarching systemic failure to manage hazards effectively.
Best Description of the Nonconformance:
Failure to reduce risks associated with working in the kitchen (Option A) is the most comprehensive finding, reflecting the organization's lack of adequate controls to mitigate hazards.
ISO Reference:
Clause 8.1.2: Organizations must establish controls to eliminate or minimize OH&S risks systematically.
Clause 7.2: Ensuring competency through training is important but must be coupled with hazard control measures.
質問 # 35
An audit team leader arrives at a steel fabrication organisation that manufactures stairways to carry out a Stage2 certification audit. At a meeting with the OHSMS Manager, she is told that they have won their biggest contact from a construction organization to manufacture and install stairways.
During the audit, a team member found that several employees had suffered hand injuries over several months due to handrail welds not being property polished. The OHSMS Manager blames the new employees they had to take on because of the big contract. The auditor raises a nonconformance against clause 10.2 erf ISO 45001.
In relation to the nonconformity raised by the auditor and in line with the policy of the certification body, the audit team raise improvement opportunities in the audit report.
Which three of the options would represent acceptance opportunities for improvement in the report?
- A. A quality control programme could involve non-destructive testing of the welded handrails
- B. A first aid station could be located next to the handrail polishing operation.
- C. The molding polishers should be disciplined for Incompetency.
- D. The requirement for wearing protective gloves could be extended to shop floor workers across all operations.
- E. Operational planning activities may benefit from an improved risk based approach based on international standards tor risk management.
- F. The induction programme for new employees could include an awareness training video in health and safety.
- G. All workers should be given competence test.
- H. Additional internal audits of the OHS management system may reduce production problems.
正解：D、E、F
解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Opportunities for improvement (OFIs) are suggestions provided during audits that do not indicate nonconformities but are aimed at enhancing the system's performance.
Analysis of Options:
A . A quality control program could involve non-destructive testing of the welded handrails:
While beneficial, this focuses on product quality rather than OH&S improvements.
B . Operational planning activities may benefit from an improved risk-based approach based on international standards for risk management:
Correct. Enhancing risk-based thinking aligns with Clause 6.1.1.
C . A first aid station could be located next to the handrail polishing operation:
While useful, first aid station placement is an operational matter, not directly related to OH&S management system improvement.
D . Additional internal audits of the OHS management system may reduce production problems:
Internal audits should address system performance, not production problems.
F . The induction program for new employees could include an awareness training video on health and safety:
Correct. Enhanced training for new employees addresses Clause 7.2 (competence).
G . The requirement for wearing protective gloves could be extended to shop floor workers across all operations:
Correct. This improves hazard control in line with Clause 8.1.2.
H . The molding polishers should be disciplined for incompetency:
Disciplinary actions are outside the scope of system improvement.
ISO Reference:
Clause 6.1.1: Risk management.
Clause 7.2: Competence.
Clause 8.1.2: Hierarchy of controls.
質問 # 36
XYZ Corporation is an organisation that employs 100 people. As an audit team leader, you are conducting a certification audit at Stage1. When reviewing the OH&S management system (OHSMS), you find that the objectives have been defined by an external consultant using those of a competitor, but nothing is documented. The Health and Safety Manager complains that this has created a lot of resistance to the OHSMS, and the Chief Executive Is asking questions about how much It will cost.
Select two erf the options which describe the circumstances h which you could raise a nonconformity against clause 0.2 of ISO 45001.
- A. H&S objectives were not establish in alignment with the organizations OH&S polity.
- B. Establishing OH&S objectives did not include top management.
- C. H&S objectives ace not maintained as documented information.
- D. The consultant has not Interpreted ISO 4S001 correctly.
- E. The organization cannot afford to undertake OH&S objectives all at once
- F. OH&S objectives are not being implemented by the organisation's personnel.
正解：A、B
解説：
Clause 0.2 of ISO 45001 emphasizes the involvement of top management and alignment of OH&S objectives with the organization's OH&S policy.
Nonconformities Identified:
The objectives were developed by an external consultant without involving top management, which undermines leadership accountability and commitment.
The objectives were based on a competitor's framework, not aligned with the organization's unique OH&S policy or context.
Analysis of Options:
A . Establishing OH&S objectives did not include top management.
True. Clause 5.1 (Leadership) and Clause 6.2 (Objectives) emphasize that top management must be involved in defining and supporting OH&S objectives.
B . OH&S objectives are not being implemented by personnel.
Implementation relates to operationalization, not the development phase, and is not relevant to Clause 0.2.
C . OH&S objectives are not maintained as documented information.
While documentation is required, the absence of documented information is a separate issue under Clause 7.5, not Clause 0.2.
D . OH&S objectives were not established in alignment with the organization's OH&S policy.
True. Clause 6.2.1 requires objectives to align with the OH&S policy, which reflects the organization's commitment to safety and health.
E . The consultant has not interpreted ISO 45001 correctly.
While possibly true, the issue here is the organization's failure to involve top management, not the consultant's interpretation.
F . The organization cannot afford to undertake OH&S objectives all at once.
Financial constraints are not relevant to Clause 0.2; objectives can be prioritized for phased implementation.
ISO Reference:
Clause 0.2: Leadership commitment and alignment with organizational policy.
Clause 5.1: Top management's role in leadership and participation.
Clause 6.2.1: Establishing OH&S objectives aligned with the policy.
質問 # 37
An adventure park has the following and safety policy document displayed in the reception area:
This organization is committed to providing safe experiences, In accordance with health and safety regulations for their delivery. The organisation will strive to increase the health and safety awareness of its personal, contracts and customers. Continual health and safety improvement is a permanent objective of the organisation. This policy shall be communicated to all interested parties.
Referring to the policy statement, select three options for which the organization is meeting ISO 45001 requirements.
- A. The organisation satisfies Its customers' health and safety requirement.
- B. The organization has a good reputation for safe experiences.
- C. The management is committed to health and safety improvement.
- D. The organisation is committed to continual health and safety improvement.
- E. The organisation uses contractors committed to health and safety.
- F. The organisation's processes deliver the Intended Improvement to health and safety.
- G. The management Is committed to health and safety Improvement.
- H. The organisation meets oil statutory requirements.
- I. The organization intends to communicate its policy to external parties.
正解：D、G、I
解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Clause 5.2 of ISO 45001:2018 outlines requirements for the OH&S policy, emphasizing commitment to continual improvement, compliance with legal requirements, and communication of the policy to interested parties.
Analysis of Options:
A . The management is committed to health and safety improvement:
Correct. The policy explicitly states the organization's commitment to improvement, meeting Clause 5.2 requirements.
C . The organization has a good reputation for safe experiences:
Not relevant to ISO 45001 requirements; reputation is not a policy criterion.
D . The organization intends to communicate its policy to external parties:
Correct. Clause 5.2 requires the policy to be communicated to interested parties.
E . The organization is committed to continual health and safety improvement:
Correct. This directly aligns with Clause 5.2, which mandates continual improvement.
F . The organization meets all statutory requirements:
The policy does not explicitly state compliance with legal requirements, even though this is implied.
G . The organization satisfies its customers' health and safety requirements:
The policy does not specifically address customer requirements.
H . The organization uses contractors committed to health and safety:
Not stated in the policy.
I . The organization's processes deliver the intended improvement to health and safety:
This is not evident from the policy statement.
ISO Reference:
Clause 5.2: OH&S policy.
質問 # 38
An auditor of a manufacturer of plastic packaging products for the food industry found a nonconformity in an internal audit report raised against section 10.2 of ISO 45001 in Report IA202. The nonconformity (NC3) stated: "The level of reported health and safety incidents has increased by 9.7% over the last 12 months. This included an increase in reported accidents." Against this background, the third-party audit team found more than twenty minor nonconformities during the audit, which they agreed should be combined into one major nonconformity against clause 4.4 of ISO 45001. "The organisation has failed to demonstrate that it is maintaining and continually improving a health and safety management system." Select two options which would represent acceptable corrective actions for the nonconformity.
- A. Top management initiated a comprehensive review of the internal and external issues to decide on actions that could lead to improving the performance of the OHSMS.
- B. Union representatives of the workers were invited to attend the OH&S management meetings.
- C. Top Management developed and is leading a programme to promote an effective culture of support for the OHSMS.
- D. External consultants were appointed to conduct a gap analysis of the OHSMS and report on the gaps found.
- E. Staff from departments with nonconformities were given regular OH&S safety training sessions during their daily toolbox talks.
- F. OH&S champions were appointed in each department to report near misses and incidents in the OHSMS.
正解：A、C
解説：
Clause 4.4 of ISO 45001 requires organizations to establish, implement, maintain, and continually improve an OH&S management system. The corrective actions must address systemic issues, involve leadership commitment, and aim to foster a strong safety culture.
Analysis of Options:
A . Top management initiated a comprehensive review of internal and external issues:
Correct. A review of internal and external issues aligns with Clause 4.1 and demonstrates leadership commitment.
B . Union representatives were invited to attend OH&S management meetings:
Incorrect. While participation is valuable, it is not a systemic corrective action.
C . Top management developed and is leading a programme to promote an effective culture of support:
Correct. Promoting a safety culture is a proactive measure and aligns with Clause 5.1 (Leadership).
D . Staff from departments with nonconformities received regular safety training during toolbox talks:
Incorrect. While training addresses specific gaps, it does not address systemic issues.
E . External consultants conducted a gap analysis of the OHSMS:
Incorrect. While helpful, this action does not demonstrate leadership or address systemic improvement.
F . OH&S champions were appointed in each department to report near misses and incidents:
Incorrect. This is a good practice but does not directly address Clause 4.4's requirement for systemic improvement.
ISO Reference:
Clause 4.4: Maintaining and improving the OH&S management system.
Clause 5.1: Leadership and commitment.
Clause 10.3: Continual improvement.
質問 # 39
During a second-party audit at a sawmill, you find that the OHSMS Manager conducted the hazard identification process. In the risk assessment report, hazards were listed as physical hazards, chemical hazards, biological hazards and psychosocial hazards, with the hazards categories as low medium and high to be addressed. The OHSMS Manager did not have an action plan for low and medium risks, saying that they ignored those He stated that they brought in a health and safety consultant to advise on treatment for the high risks.
When interviewing the OHSMS Manager, the auditor presents a nonconformity relating to potential hazards In the factory If the dust extraction system broke down. The OHSMS Manager said that. If that happened, the agreed planned action is that workers would put masks on.
Select one of the options for how the auditor should respond to this statement.
- A. Suggest that they should increase their maintenance checks.
- B. Advise that the factory should cease its operations It the dust extraction equipment malfunctioned.
- C. Seek evidence that the response action is both Implemented and effective.
- D. Ask the OH5MS Manager to confirm that this action meets regulatory requirements for air purity.
正解：C
解説：
The auditor should assess whether the organization's planned action (using masks in case of dust extraction failure) is both implemented and effective. This aligns with ISO 45001 requirements to ensure that control measures are functional and meet the intended objectives.
Clause 8.1.2 (Hierarchy of Controls):
The use of PPE, such as masks, is considered a last resort in the hierarchy of controls. The organization must demonstrate that the measure is:
Implemented (e.g., PPE is available and workers are trained to use it).
Effective (e.g., masks provide adequate protection against dust).
Analysis of Options:
A . Advise that the factory should cease operations if the dust extraction equipment malfunctioned.
While ceasing operations may be a necessary control in extreme situations, it is not a practical or realistic recommendation unless a high-risk scenario cannot be otherwise managed.
B . Ask the OHSMS Manager to confirm regulatory compliance.
Regulatory compliance is important but does not fully address the requirement to ensure the action is effective.
C . Seek evidence that the response action is both implemented and effective.
This is the most appropriate response. The auditor must verify implementation and effectiveness to determine conformity.
D . Suggest increasing maintenance checks.
Maintenance is important for preventing equipment breakdowns, but this option does not address the immediate audit finding about the adequacy of response actions.
ISO Reference:
Clause 8.1.2: Emphasizes applying the hierarchy of controls effectively.
Clause 9.1.1: Requires monitoring and measuring controls to ensure effectiveness.
質問 # 40
Which three of the following ISO 45001 activities require the organisation to emphasise non-managerial workers' participation?
- A. Establishing OHS objectives
- B. Determining competence requirements
- C. Determining controls on outsourced processes
- D. Managing the internal audit programme
- E. Determining how to fulfil legal requirements
- F. Determining what needs to be communicated
- G. Establishing the OHS policy
- H. Determining actions to eliminate hazards
正解：A、G、H
解説：
ISO 45001 emphasizes the importance of worker participation, particularly non-managerial workers, in developing and improving the OH&S management system. Clause 5.4 outlines specific areas where their involvement is crucial.
Analysis of Options:
A : Determining competence requirements:
Incorrect. Competence requirements are primarily determined by management but may involve feedback from workers.
B : Determining how to fulfil legal requirements:
Incorrect. Management typically handles compliance with legal requirements.
C : Determining controls on outsourced processes:
Incorrect. This is a management responsibility.
D : Managing the internal audit programme:
Incorrect. Workers participate in audits, but managing the program is a management task.
E : Determining what needs to be communicated:
Incorrect. Communication strategies are usually set by management.
F : Determining actions to eliminate hazards:
Correct. Non-managerial workers' input is vital in identifying and eliminating workplace hazards (Clause 8.1.2).
G : Establishing the OHS policy:
Correct. Workers' participation in policy development ensures it is relevant and inclusive (Clause 5.2).
H: Establishing OHS objectives:
Correct. Workers' participation ensures that objectives are practical and aligned with workplace realities (Clause 6.2).
質問 # 41
You have been assigned by the audit team leader to evaluate the process of complying with application legislation.
Which three of the following statements about the evaluation of compliance are true?
- A. 'Other requirements' include requirements that the organisation has chosen to comply with.
- B. The organisation cannot outsource its process for evaluating compliance.
- C. If the organisation is falling to address a legal requirement relating to another discipline e.g. Environmental management, this cannot be raised In the audit.
- D. The organization must evaluate its compliance status at least once a year
- E. Every member of an audit team must have a detailed understanding of the legal requirements for the sector and type of organisation they are auditing.
- F. The organisation is required to evaluate its compliance status with OH&S legal and other requirements
- G. The organisation is required to establish a process for evaluating compliance
- H. A management review is required in all instances where one or more legal requirements are not being met.
正解：A、F、G
解説：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Clause 9.1.2 of ISO 45001:2018 outlines the need for organizations to evaluate compliance with applicable legal and other requirements as part of their OH&S management system.
Analysis of Options:
A :The organization must evaluate its compliance status at least once a year:
The standard does not prescribe a specific frequency but states that evaluations must be conducted at planned intervals.
B :'Other requirements' include requirements that the organization has chosen to comply with:
Correct. Other requirements may include voluntary standards, industry codes, or contractual obligations.
C :A management review is required in all instances where one or more legal requirements are not being met:
This is not true. Management reviews address compliance but are not mandated for every noncompliance.
D :Every member of an audit team must have a detailed understanding of the legal requirements for the sector and type of organization they are auditing:
Not true. Auditors must have general competency but can rely on subject-matter experts for legal specifics.
E :If the organization is failing to address a legal requirement relating to another discipline (e.g., Environmental management), this cannot be raised in the audit:
Not true. If the legal noncompliance impacts OH&S, it can be raised.
F :The organization cannot outsource its process for evaluating compliance:
The organization can outsource evaluation but retains accountability.
G:The organization is required to establish a process for evaluating compliance:
Correct. Clause 9.1.2 requires a process for compliance evaluation.
H :The organization is required to evaluate its compliance status with OH&S legal and other requirements:
Correct. Clause 9.1.2 explicitly states this requirement.
ISO Reference:
Clause 9.1.2: Evaluation of compliance.
Clause 7.5: Documented information requirements
質問 # 42
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