PMI DASM試験問題（更新されたのは2024年）100%リアル問題解答
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質問 # 28
What are the benefits to having a long-live (stable) team?
- A. Projectized
- B. Trustworthy
- C. Ability to multi-task
- D. Highly collaborative
- E. Specifically resourced
正解：B、D
解説：
A long-lived (or stable) team is a group of individuals who work together over an extended period, typically across multiple projects or product increments. In the context of PMI's Disciplined Agile (DA) framework, having a long-lived team is beneficial for several reasons:
* Trustworthy (A):As team members work together over time, they build a strong sense of trust. Trust within a team is foundational for effective collaboration, decision-making, and conflict resolution.
Team members learn to rely on each other's skills and knowledge, leading to more effective and efficient work processes. Disciplined Agile emphasizes creating environments where trust can be fostered, which is more easily achieved in stable, long-lived teams.
* Highly Collaborative (C):Long-lived teams develop a rhythm of working together, which leads to high levels of collaboration. As team members become more familiar with each other's working styles, strengths, and weaknesses, they can communicate more effectively, align on goals more quickly, and coordinate their efforts more efficiently. This heightened collaboration accelerates delivery, improves quality, and fosters continuous improvement-key principles in the Disciplined Agile toolkit.
Incorrect Options:
* B. Projectized:While the concept of a "projectized" organization focuses on structuring around projects, this does not inherently relate to the benefits of having a long-lived team. In contrast, Disciplined Agile promotes stable teams over project-centric teams to maximize the value delivery and learning curve.
* D. Specifically resourced:This option refers to the allocation of specific resources for projects or tasks, which does not directly align with the idea of having a stable, long-term team.
* E. Ability to multi-task:Multi-tasking is generally not considered a benefit within agile frameworks, including Disciplined Agile. Multi-tasking can lead to inefficiency and reduced focus, which goes against the principles of optimizing flow and delivering value quickly.
Thus, the most appropriate answers that align with the principles of Disciplined Agile areA.
TrustworthyandC. Highly collaborative
質問 # 29
What is the role of the product owner?
- A. Coordinate the product.
- B. Organize the product team.
- C. Inspect the product.
- D. Build the right product.
正解：D
解説：
The role of theProduct Ownerin Agile and Disciplined Agile frameworks is to ensure the team isbuilding the right productthat aligns with stakeholder needs and provides maximum value tothe customer. The Product Owner achieves this by managing and prioritizing the product backlog, defining user stories, clarifying requirements, and making decisions on behalf of the stakeholders.
* A. Coordinate the productis not a primary function of the Product Owner.
* B. Inspect the productmay be a part of their responsibilities, but the focus is on guiding the product's development.
* D. Organize the product teamis more aligned with the Scrum Master's role.
質問 # 30
Which artifact collects all the work flowing to the team?
- A. Product backlog
- B. Release roadmap
- C. Business backlog
- D. Iteration backlog
正解：A
解説：
TheProduct Backlogis the artifact that collects all the work flowing to the team. It is a prioritized list of everything that might be needed in the product, managed and maintained by the Product Owner. The backlog is continuously refined and reprioritized as needed to reflect the changing needs of stakeholders, market conditions, and business priorities.
* A. Business backlogis not a standard Agile artifact.
* C. Release roadmapoutlines future releases but does not collect all work items.
* D. Iteration backlogcontains a subset of the product backlog items selected for a specific iteration.
質問 # 31
How does a value stream map help the learn to minimize waste?
- A. By helping the lean to focus on the construction phase
- B. By helping the lean to reduce delays in the workflow process
- C. By helping the team to identify problem areas in the path for realizing value
- D. By helping the team to apply the five Whys root cause method to all parts of the stream
正解：C
解説：
Avalue stream mapis a Lean tool that helps teams visualize the flow of work and identify waste throughout the process of delivering a product or service. The primary purpose of a value stream map is tohelp the team identify problem areas or bottlenecksin the path to realizing value. By understanding where delays, excess inventory, or unnecessary steps occur, teams can target these areas for improvement, thereby minimizing waste and optimizing the flow of value to customers.
* B. Focusing on the construction phaseis not specific to minimizing waste across the entire value stream.
* C. Reducing delays in the workflow processis an outcome of identifying problem areas but not the direct function of value stream mapping.
* D. Applying the five Whys root cause methodis a separate Lean technique that can complement value stream mapping but is not its main purpose.
質問 # 32
Which phase of the project life cycle develops a consumable solution in a collaborative and incremental manner?
- A. Inception
- B. Construction
- C. Execution
- D. Transition
正解：B
解説：
In Disciplined Agile, theConstructionphase of the project life cycle is responsible for developing a consumable solution in a collaborative and incremental manner. During this phase, the team iteratively builds the solution, working closely with stakeholders to ensure that the product or service being developed meets their needs and expectations. The Construction phase emphasizes agility, collaboration, and incremental development, where the solution evolves through repeated iterations, incorporating feedback and improvements at each step. This approach helps to minimize risks, adapt to changes, and deliver value more frequently.
質問 # 33
What arc Disciplined Agile milestones based on?
- A. Continuous integration
- B. Documentation
- C. Lean governance
- D. Lifecycle
正解：C
解説：
Disciplined Agile (DA) milestones are based on the concept ofLean governance, which is focused on ensuring that agile practices are aligned with the organization's overall objectives while minimizing bureaucracy. In the DA framework, milestones provide lightweight checkpoints throughout the lifecycle to ensure that the team is on track to meet its objectives and deliver value. These milestones are not about documentation or merely following a predefined lifecycle but are instead focused on achieving business value in a lean and efficient manner.
* A. Continuous integrationis a practice rather than a basis for milestones.
* B. Documentationis not a central focus of DA milestones.
* D. Lifecyclerefers to the various phases in the DA process, but milestones are specific checkpoints within these phases guided by lean governance principles.
Thus,C. Lean governanceis the correct answer, as it embodies the principles upon which Disciplined Agile milestones are established.
質問 # 34
What are the three phases common across project life cycles? (Choose three)
- A. Modulation
- B. Inspiration
- C. Inception
- D. Construction
- E. Transition
正解：C、D、E
解説：
In Disciplined Agile (DA), the three common phases across project life cycles areInception, Construction, andTransition. These phases reflect the iterative and incremental approach of agile methodologies tailored to suit varying contexts.
* Inception: This phase is about getting things started properly. It includes initial planning activities such as defining the vision, developing a preliminary project plan, identifying stakeholders, securing funding, and setting up the initial environment.
* Construction: This phase focuses on developing a consumable solution in a series of iterations. The team builds, enhances, and evolves the solution to ensure that it meets stakeholders' needs while remaining aligned with the overarching vision and goals.
* Transition: The transition phase ensures that the solution is ready for delivery to the end-users or stakeholders. This includes final validation and verification activities, user training, deployment, and addressing any remaining issues.
These phases are common in the DA life cycles, reflecting the disciplined approach to managing complexity in various types of projects, from straightforward to highly complex, while supporting adaptability and continuous improvement.
質問 # 35
How should iterations for an agile project be planned?
- A. At the retrospective meetings to ensure nothing is missed from one iteration to the next.
- B. Iteratively by the product owner to ensure global optimization.
- C. At the beginning of each iteration by puling from the product backlog.
- D. Throughout the project by using iteration reviews to continuously improve quality.
正解：C
解説：
In Agile and Disciplined Agile practices, iterations are plannedat the beginning of each iterationduring an iteration planning meeting. The team, along with the product owner, pulls the highest-priority items from the product backlog that they believe can be completed within the iteration. This ensures that the work is well- defined, understood, and aligned with the current goals and priorities.
* A. Retrospective meetingsfocus on reflecting on the past iteration to identify improvements, not planning the next iteration.
* B. Using iteration reviewsimproves quality but is not about planning.
* D. Iteratively planning by the product owneralone does not ensure team alignment or collaboration, which is essential in Agile.
Therefore, the correct answer isC. At the beginning of each iteration by pulling from the product backlog.
質問 # 36
A company is introducing new features to a large, existing product. Which technique should the product team employ?
- A. Minimum viable product {MVP)
- B. Minimum business increment (MBI)
- C. Pull system
- D. Continuous integration
正解：B
解説：
When introducing new features to a large, existing product, the product team should employ theMinimum Business Increment (MBI)technique. An MBI is the smallest piece of functionality that can be delivered that provides value to the business. It allows teams to deliver business value quickly while minimizing risk and ensuring that only essential, incremental changes are introduced. This approach is particularly useful for managing the complexity of large, established products and ensuring that new features are aligned with business goals.
質問 # 37
Which is a supporting role on a Disciplined Agile (DA) team?
- A. Specialist
- B. Team Lead
- C. Stakeholder
- D. Architecture Owner
正解：A
解説：
In Disciplined Agile (DA), aSpecialistis considered a supporting role. Specialists are individuals with deep expertise in a specific area, such as a database administrator, security expert, or a user experience (UX) designer. They are not necessarily core members of the delivery team but can be brought in as needed to provide specific skills or knowledge that the team requires at various points throughout the project. The focus of supporting roles like Specialists is to supplement the team's capabilities and help address specific technical challenges.
質問 # 38
In Team Estimation
- A. Each team is ranked in order of importance for completing a task.
- B. You estimate what roles will be necessary in order to complete user stories.
- C. Members of a group define what criteria will be used for determining the "Definition of Done. *
- D. You first estimate the relative sizes of al stories, then assign numbers to them.
正解：D
解説：
InTeam Estimation, also known as relative estimation or silent grouping, the team first estimates the relative sizes of all user stories by comparing them against each other. The stories are arranged in order of size (smallest to largest) without initially assigning specific numbers. After ordering, numerical values (such as story points) are then assigned to each story based on their relative size. This method leverages group consensus and comparative analysis to provide more accurate estimates.
* B. Ranking teams in order of importanceis not part of the Team Estimation process.
* C. Defining "Definition of Done" criteriais a separate exercise, not related to estimating story size.
* D. Estimating necessary rolesis not a part of Team Estimation.
質問 # 39
A team has completed the work in their Aeration backlog earlier than expected. There is still three days left of the iteration, what should the team do now?
- A. Report the differences in completion time so the next iteration can be planned more efficiently.
- B. Work on non-critical tasks until the product owner can assign them more work.
- C. Work with the product owner to pull more work from the product backlog into their iteration backlog.
- D. Wait for the other groups to complete their work prior to doing anything else.
正解：C
解説：
When a team completes their iteration backlog earlier than expected, the recommended approach in Disciplined Agile is to collaborate with the product owner to pull additional work from the product backlog into the iteration backlog. This approach maintains momentum and ensures that the team continues delivering value without waiting for the next iteration. It promotes agility and maximizes productivity by utilizing any remaining time effectively.
* A. Working on non-critical tasksorD. waiting for other groupsare not effective uses of the team's time and do not align with agile principles of continuous value delivery.
* C. Reporting differences in completion timehelps with future planning but does not address the immediate need to continue productive work.
Thus, the correct answer isB. Work with the product owner to pull more work from the product backlog into their iteration backlog.
質問 # 40
Which rote on the delivery team builds the product right?
- A. Team Member
- B. Team Lead
- C. Architecture Owner
- D. Product Owner
正解：A
解説：
In Disciplined Agile (DA), theTeam Memberrole is primarily responsible for building the product correctly.
Team Members are the individuals who directly create the product by writing code, testing, designing, and performing other tasks necessary to deliver a working solution. The Architecture Owner may guide architectural decisions, and the Team Lead may facilitate processes, but it is the Team Members who actively build the product and ensure it meets the required standards and specifications.
質問 # 41
The team lead notices that a team member is falling behind on their work. What would a goodDisciplined Agile team lead do?
- A. Have a one-to-one meeting with the team member about their recent failures.
- B. Provide time management training to the team member.
- C. Have a conversation with the team member to better understand what is getting in their way and look for solutions together.
- D. Redistribute the team member's work across the team to avoid embarrassing the team member.
正解：C
解説：
In Disciplined Agile, a good Team Lead (or Scrum Master) should act as a servant leader, supporting and enabling team members to succeed. When a team member is falling behind, the appropriate response is to have a conversation with the team member to understand what is getting in their way and work together to find solutions. This approach fosters an environment of trust and collaboration and helps to identify and remove impediments that may be affecting the team member's performance. The goal is to address the root cause of the issue and provide support, rather than assigning blame or creating discomfort.
質問 # 42
Which of the following roles would fall under that of a "specialist" on a Disciplined Agile Delivery Team?
- A. Stakeholder
- B. Product Owner
- C. Project Manager
- D. Business Analyst
正解：D
解説：
In the context of the Disciplined Agile (DA) framework, a "specialist" on a Disciplined Agile Delivery Team is someone with a specific, specialized skill set or domain expertise that contributes to the overall development and delivery process. While the DA framework promotes cross-functional team members, it acknowledges that certain roles require specialized knowledge.
ABusiness Analyst (BA)is considered a specialist role because they bring specific expertise in requirements gathering, process analysis, stakeholder communication, and translating business needs into actionable tasks for the development team. According to PMI's Disciplined Agile guidelines, BAs provide value by ensuring that the requirements are well-understood and clearly defined, which is crucial in aligning the team's efforts with stakeholder needs.
On the other hand, the roles ofProduct Owner (B)andProject Manager (C)are more related to leadership, decision-making, and coordination, rather than specialized technical or analytical expertise.Stakeholders (D) are external to the delivery team and are not considered specialists within the team itself.
質問 # 43
Who defines the amount of work to be completed during an iteration?
- A. The quality tester based on their estimation of how much completed work can be tested.
- B. The team lead who is responsive for ensuring that the work gets done.
- C. The product owner based on their estimation of what should be done.
- D. The team members based on their understanding of the team's current capacity.
正解：D
解説：
In Disciplined Agile,the team membersare responsible for defining the amount of work to be completed during an iteration based on their understanding of the team's current capacity. This is aligned with Agile principles that promote self-organizing teams and emphasize the importance of team members making commitments based on their realistic assessment of what they can achieve. This collaborative decision- making process helps to ensure that the team is neither over-committing nor under-utilizing its capacity, leading to sustainable delivery and higher quality outcomes.
質問 # 44
A scrum master needs to set up a team for a long-term project that has the potential for significant budgeting and tracking overhead.
What type of team should the scrum master set up?
- A. A protect team
- B. A shared services team
- C. A cross-functional team
- D. A long-standing team
正解：D
解説：
Along-standing teamis best suited for a long-term project with the potential for significant budgeting and tracking overhead. In Disciplined Agile (DA), a long-standing team is a stable, cross-functional team that remains intact over time and works on various projects or continuous delivery of value. This type of team reduces overhead associated with forming and disbanding teams and allows for more consistent tracking, budgeting, and management of resources. Additionally, long-standing teams develop stronger team dynamics and improve performance over time due to their stability.
* B. A project teamis typically temporary and disbanded once the project ends.
* C. A cross-functional teamis a characteristic of many Agile teams but does not specifically address the need for long-term stability.
* D. A shared services teamsupports other teams by providing specialized skills but is not focused on long-term projects with budgeting needs.
質問 # 45
What docs a well-written user story describe?
- A. The customers' perspective.
- B. A fixed outcome.
- C. The needs of all users.
- D. The expectations of the product owner.
正解：A
解説：
A well-written user story in agile practices, including Disciplined Agile, describesthe customer's perspective
. User stories are short, simple descriptions of a feature or requirement from the point of view of the end user or customer. They are intended to capture the "who, what, and why" of a requirement, focusing on the value it delivers to the customer. This perspective ensures that the development team understands the real-world needs and motivations behind the features they are building, allowing them to create solutions that truly meet user needs.
質問 # 46
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