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質問 # 477
Which conflict resolution technique produces the most lasting results?
- A. Compromise/reconcile
- B. Withdraw/avoid
- C. Collaborate/problem solve
- D. Smooth/accommodate
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume E
Explanation
Explanation/Reference: https://pmstudycircle.com/2012/01/best-conflict-resolution-technique/
質問 # 478
Lessons learned are created and project resources are released in which Process Group?
- A. Planning
- B. Closing
- C. Executing
- D. Initiating
正解：B
解説：
Section: Volume A
Explanation
質問 # 479
Most experienced project managers know that:
- A. there is only one way to manage projects successfully.
- B. every project requires the use of all processes in the PMBOK Guide.
- C. project management techniques are risk free.
- D. there is no single way to manage a project.
正解：D
解説：
Section: Volume C
質問 # 480
Which type of team can be defined as a group of people with a shared goal who fulfill their roles although spending little or no time meeting face to face?
- A. Consultant team
- B. Co-location team
- C. Virtual team
- D. Departmental team
正解：C
質問 # 481
What are the inputs of the Estimate Costs process?
- A. Project management plan, work performance data, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets
- B. Project management plan, project documents, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets
- C. Project management plan, enterprise environmental factors, basis of estimates, and organizational process assets
- D. Cost baseline, enterprise environmental factors, benefits management plan, and organizational process assets
正解：D
質問 # 482
Which of the following is a statistical concept that calculates the average outcome when the future includes scenarios that may or may not happen?
- A. Three-point estimate
- B. Sensitivity analysis
- C. Modeling and simulation
- D. Expected monetary value analysis
正解：D
質問 # 483
A newly developed project team is working together, building trust and adjusting its work habits to support the team What stage of the Tuckman ladder does this describe?
- A. Forming
- B. Storming
- C. Performing
- D. Norming
正解：D
質問 # 484
What tool or technique uses an algorithm or statistical relationship between historical data and other variables to calculate an activity's needed resource quantities?
- A. Analogous estimating
- B. Expert judgment
- C. Bottom-up estimating
- D. Parametric estimating
正解：D
質問 # 485
What is the number of stakeholders, if the project has 28 potential communication channels?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
正解：A
質問 # 486
In which process might a project manager use risk reassessment as a tool and technique?
- A. Monitor and Control Project Work
- B. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
- C. Monitor and Control Risk
- D. Plan Risk Responses
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume D
Explanation
質問 # 487
Design of experiments (DOE) should be used during which of the following processes?
- A. Plan Quality Management
- B. Total Quality Management
- C. Perform Quality Control
- D. Perform Quality Assurance
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume E
Explanation:
Process: 8.1 Plan Quality Management
Definition: The process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its deliverables, and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with relevant quality requirements and/or standards.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how quality will be managed and validated throughout the project.
Inputs
1. Project management plan
2. Stakeholder register
3. Risk register
4. Requirements documentation
5. Enterprise environmental factors
6. Organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
1. Cost-benefit analysis
2. Cost of quality
3. Seven basic quality tools
4. Benchmarking
5. Design of experiments
6. Statistical sampling
7. Additional quality planning tools
8. Meetings
Outputs
1. Quality management plan
2. Process improvement plan
3. Quality metrics
4. Quality checklists
5. Project documents updates
8.1.2.5 Design of Experiments
Design of experiments (DOE) is a statistical method for identifying which factors may influence specific variables of a product or process under development or in production. DOE may be used during the Plan Quality Management process to determine the number and type of tests and their impact on cost of quality.
DOE also plays a role in optimizing products or processes. DOE is used to reduce the sensitivity of product performance to sources of variations caused by environmental or manufacturing differences. One important aspect of this technique is that it provides a statistical framework for systematically changing all of the important factors, rather than changing the factors one at a time. Analysis of the experimental data should provide the optimal conditions for the product or process, highlight the factors that influence the results, and reveal the presence of interactions and synergy among the factors. For example, automotive designers use this technique to determine which combination of suspension and tires will produce the most desirable ride characteristics at a reasonable cost.
質問 # 488
A project manager is monitoring and recording results of executing the quality management activities to assess performance and ensure the project outputs are complete, correct, and meet customer expectations.
Which output is the project manager using?
- A. Lessons learned
- B. Verified deliverables
- C. Work performance data
- D. Approved change requests
正解：B
質問 # 489
An important project stakeholder has low risk tolerance.
Which type of communication should a project manager use to provide this stakeholder with a difficult update?
- A. Written report
- B. Face-to-face meeting
- C. Short email update
- D. Informal conversation
正解：A
質問 # 490
Job satisfaction, challenging work, and sufficient financial compensation are values related to which interpersonal skill?
- A. Trust building
- B. Negotiation
- C. Motivation
- D. Influencing
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume B
質問 # 491
The focus on continuous communication with all stakeholders, including team members, is part of this knowledge area:
- A. Project Communications Management
- B. Project Integration Management
- C. Project Stakeholder Engagement plan
- D. Project Resource Management
正解：A
質問 # 492
The project manager and project team are developing approximations of the cost of resources needed to complete the project work. On which process are they working?
- A. Plan Cost Management
- B. Estimate Costs
- C. Determine Budget
- D. Estimate Activity Resources
正解：B
質問 # 493
In a project using agile methodology, who may perform the quality control activities?
- A. A group of quality experts at specific times during the project
- B. The project manager only
- C. All team members throughout the project life cycle
- D. Selected stakeholders at specific times during the project
正解：D
解説：
Section: Volume E
質問 # 494
Which of the following is the process of identifying the specific actions to be performed to produce the project deliverables?
- A. Define Activities
- B. Sequence Activities
- C. Activity Attributes
- D. Estimate Activity Durations
正解：A
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Process: 6.2 Define Activities
Definition: The process of identifying and documenting the specific actions to be performed to produce the project deliverables.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is to break down work packages into activities that provide a basis for estimating, scheduling, executing, monitoring, and controlling the project work.
Inputs
1. Schedule management plan
2. Scope baseline
3. Enterprise environmental factors
4. Organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
1. Decomposition
2. Rolling wave planning
3. Expert judgment
Outputs
1. Activity list
2. Activity attributes
3. Milestone list
質問 # 495
How should a project manager plan communication for a project which has uncertain requirements?
- A. Adopt social networking to engage stakeholders, issue frequent and short messages, and use informal communication channels.
- B. Include stakeholders in project meetings and reviews, use frequent checkpoints, and co-locate team members only.
- C. Adopt a strong change control board process, establish focal points for main subjects, and promote formal and transparent communication.
- D. Invite customers to sprint planning and retrospective meetings, update the team quickly and on a daily basis, and use official communication channels.
正解：D
質問 # 496
Which item is an output of Plan Quality Management and an input to Perform Quality Assurance?
- A. Quality metrics
- B. Organizational process updates
- C. Quality control measurements
- D. Change requests
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume A
Explanation
Explanation:
8.1.3.3 Quality Metrics
A quality metric specifically describes a project or product attribute and how the control quality process will measure it. A measurement is an actual value. The tolerance defines the allowable variations to the metric. For example, if the quality objective is to stay within the approved budget by ± 10%, the specific quality metric is used to measure the cost of every deliverable and determine the percent variance from the approved budget for that deliverable. Quality metrics are used in the perform quality assurance and control quality processes.
Some examples of quality metrics include on-time performance, cost control, defect frequency, failure rate, availability, reliability, and test coverage.
Process: 8.1 Plan Quality Management
Definition: The process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its deliverables and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements and/or standards.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how quality will be managed and validated throughout the project.
Inputs
1. Project management plan
2. Stakeholder register
3. Risk register
4. Requirements documentation
5. Enterprise environmental factors
6. Organizational process assets
1. Tools & Techniques
2. Cost-benefit analysis
3. Cost of quality
4. Seven basic quality tools
5. Benchmarking
6. Design of experiments
7. Statistical sampling
8. Additional quality planning tools
9. Meetings
Outputs
1. Quality management plan
2. Process improvement plan
3. Quality metrics
4. Quality checklists
5. Project documents updates
Process: 8.2 Perform Quality Assurance
Definition: The process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it facilitates the improvement of quality processes.
Inputs
1. Quality management plan
2. Process improvement plan
3. Quality metrics
4. Quality control measurements
5. Project documents
Tools & Techniques
1. Quality management and control tools
2. Quality audits
3. Process analysis
Outputs
1. Change requests
2. Project management plan updates
3. Project documents updates
4. Organizational process assets updates
質問 # 497
The project governance approach should be described in the:
- A. project scope
- B. project management plan
- C. change control plan
- D. statement of work
正解：B
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
4.2.3.1 Project Management Plan
The project management plan is the document that describes how the project will be executed, monitored, and controlled. It integrates and consolidates all of the subsidiary plans and baselines from the planning processes.
Project baselines include, but are not limited to:
Scope baseline (Section 5.4.3.1),
Schedule baseline (Section 6.6.3.1), and
Cost baseline (Section 7.3.3.1).
Subsidiary plans include, but are not limited to:
Scope management plan (Section 5.1.3.1),
Requirements management plan (Section 5.1.3.2),
Schedule management plan (Section 6.1.3.1),
Cost management plan (Section 7.1.3.1),
Quality management plan (Section 8.1.3.1),
Process improvement plan (Section 8.1.3.2),
Human resource management plan (Section 9.1.3.1),
Communications management plan (Section 10.1.3.1),
Risk management plan (Section 11.1.3.1),
Procurement management plan (Section 12.1.3.1), and
Stakeholder management plan (Section 13.2.3.1).
Among other things, the project management plan may also include the following:
Life cycle selected for the project and the processes that will be applied to each phase;
Details of the tailoring decisions specified by the project management team as follows:
○ Project management processes selected by the project management team,
○ Level of implementation for each selected process,
○ Descriptions of the tools and techniques to be used for accomplishing those processes, and
○ Description of how the selected processes will be used to manage the specific project, including the dependencies and interactions among those processes and the essential inputs and outputs.
Description of how work will be executed to accomplish the project objectives;
Change management plan that documents how changes will be monitored and controlled;
Configuration management plan that documents how Configuration management will be performed;
Description of how the integrity of the project baselines will be maintained;
Requirements and techniques for communication among stakeholders; and
Key management reviews for content, the extent of, and timing to address, open issues and pending
decisions.
The project management plan may be either summary level or detailed, and may be composed of one or more subsidiary plans. Each of the subsidiary plans is detailed to the extent required by the specific project. Once the project management plan is baselined, it may only be changed when a change request is generated and approved through the Perform Integrated Change Control process.
質問 # 498
What does a CPI value greater than 1.0 indicate?
- A. Cost over the estimated value
- B. Cost right at the actual value
- C. Cost under the estimated value
- D. Cost right at the estimated value
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume D
Explanation:
CPI = EV / AC
質問 # 499
When managing costs in an agile environment, what should a project manager consider?
- A. Agile environments make projects costlier and uncertain
- B. Detailed cost calculations benefit from frequent changes
- C. Lightweight estimation methods can be used as changes arise
- D. Agile environments make cost aggregation more difficult
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume E
質問 # 500
Identify Stakeholders is the process of identifying all of the people or organizations impacted by the project and documenting relevant information regarding their interests in, involvement in, and impact on the project:
- A. deadline.
- B. manager.
- C. success.
- D. scope.
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume E
Explanation:
Process: 13.1 Identify Stakeholders
Definition: The process of identifying the people, groups, or organizations that could impact or be impacted by a decision, activity, or outcome of the project; and analyzing and documenting relevant information regarding their interests, involvement, interdependencies, influence, and potential impact on project success.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it allows the project manager to identify the appropriate focus for each stakeholder or group of stakeholders.
Inputs
* Project charter
* Procurement documents
* Enterprise environmental factors
* Organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
1. Stakeholder analysis
2. Expert judgment
3. Meetings
Outputs
1. Stakeholder register
質問 # 501
The following chart contains information about the tasks in a project.
Based on the chart, what is the cost performance index (CPI) for Task 2?
- A. 1.8
- B. 1.25
- C. 0.8
- D. 0
正解：B
解説：
Section: Volume B
質問 # 502
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CAPM試験を受験するには、高校卒業証書、準学士号、または同等の学歴が必要であり、プロジェクトチームでの1500時間のプロフェッショナルな経験またはプロジェクトマネジメント教育23時間の修了が必要です。試験は3時間以内に150問の多肢選択問題で構成され、プロジェクトマネジメントの5つのプロセスグループ（開始、計画、実行、監視と制御、終了）をカバーしています。試験に合格すると、CAPM認定を取得し、5年間有効で、継続的な教育またはプロフェッショナルな経験による専門開発ユニット（PDU）を獲得することで更新できます。
PMI CAPM（認定プロジェクトマネジメントアソシエイト）試験は、プロジェクトマネジメントのキャリアを追求する興味を持っている個人にとって、グローバルに認められた認定資格です。CAPM資格は、プロジェクト管理における以前の経験がほとんどないが、プロジェクト管理の基本原則や実践について理解を深めたいと思っている個人を対象に設計されています。この認定資格は、世界のプロジェクトマネージャーの主要なプロフェッショナル協会であるProject Management Institute（PMI）から提供されています。
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