最新の2024年12月06日試験エンジン練習問題PSM-I最新の有効問題集を提供中です
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質問 # 83
A Scrum Team has been working on a product for nine Sprints. A new Product Owner comes in, understanding he is accountable for the Product Backlog. However, he is unsure about his responsibilities. Which two activities are part of the Product Owner role according to Scrum? (Choose two.)
- A. Describing features as Use Cases.
- B. Interacting with stakeholders.
- C. Ensuring that the most valuable functionality is produced first, at all times.
- D. Providing the Development Team with detailed specifications.
- E. Creating detailed functional test cases.
正解：B、C
解説：
The Product Owner is responsible for ensuring that the most valuable functionality is produced first, at all times, by ordering and prioritizing the Product Backlog. The Product Owner also interacts with stakeholders to understand their needs and expectations, and to communicate the vision and progress of the product. The other options are not part of the Product Owner role according to Scrum, as they are either too prescriptive or too technical.
質問 # 84
For the purpose of transparency, when does Scrum say a new increment of working software must be available?
- A. Before the release Sprint.
- B. At the end of every Sprint.
- C. After the acceptance testing phase.
- D. When the Product Owner asks to create one.
- E. Every 3 Sprints.
正解：B
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, an Increment is a concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal. Each Increment is additive to all prior Increments and thoroughly verified, ensuring that all Increments work together. In order to provide value, an Increment must be usable. Multiple Increments may be created within a Sprint. The sum of the Increments is presented at the Sprint Review thus supporting empiricism. However, an Increment may be delivered to stakeholders prior to the end of the Sprint. The Sprint Review should never be considered a gate to releasing value. For the purpose of transparency, when does Scrum say a new increment of working software must be available? At the end of every Sprint.
質問 # 85
Who is accountable for clearly expressing Product Backlog items? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. The Scrum Master.
- B. The business analyst who represents the Product Owner.
- C. The Product Owner.
- D. The Scrum Master, or the Scrum Master may have the Developers do it.
正解：C
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, the Product Owner is accountable for clearly expressing Product Backlog items, as he or she is responsible for managing and prioritizing the Product Backlog. The other options are not valid, as they imply that the Product Owner can be replaced by a business analyst, or that the Scrum Master or the Developers can express the Product Backlog items.
質問 # 86
Which statement best describes Scrum?
- A. A complete methodology that defines how to develop software.
- B. A defined and predictive process that confirms to the principles of Scientific Management.
- C. A framework within which complex products in complex environments are developed.
- D. A cookbook that defines best practices for software development.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
質問 # 87
How should a Scrum Team deal with non-functional requirements?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Make sure the release department understands these requirements, but it is not the
- B. Manage them during the Integration Sprint prior to the Release Sprint.
- C. Assign them to the lead developers on the team.
- D. Ensure every Increment meets them.
正解：D
解説：
Scrum Team's responsibility.
Explanation:
The best answer is C. Ensure every Increment meets them. Non-functional requirements (NFRs) are system qualities that guide the design of the solution and often serve as constraints across the relevant backlogs1. NFRs are persistent qualities and constraints typically revisited as part of the definition of done (DoD) for each Iteration, PI, or release1. The Scrum Team should ensure that every Increment meets the NFRs, as they are part of the product requirements and affect the value delivery and customer satisfaction.
質問 # 88
When is it most appropriate for a Development Team to change the definition of "Done"?
- A. Prior to starting a new project.
- B. Prior to starting a new Sprint.
- C. During the Sprint Retrospective.
- D. During Spring Planning.
正解：C
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, one aspect of Scrum Teams inspecting how they work toward their Product Goal is that they improve their definition of "Done" over time. The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the Scrum Team to inspect itself and create a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint. Therefore, it is most appropriate for a Development Team to change the definition of "Done" during the Sprint Retrospective.
質問 # 89
How should a Development Team deal with non-functional requirements?
- A. Handle them during the Integration Sprint preceding the Release Sprint.
- B. Makesure the release department understands these requirements, but it is not the Development Team's responsibility.
- C. Assign them to the lead developers on the team.
- D. Ensure every Increment meets them.
正解：D
質問 # 90
What is a Development Team responsible for? (Choose two.)
- A. Reporting productivity.
- B. Resolving internal team conflicts.
- C. Organizing the work required to meet the Sprint Goal.
- D. Selecting the Product Owner.
正解：B、C
質問 # 91
What enhances the transparency of an increment?
- A. Keeping track of and estimating all undone work to be completed in a separate Sprint.
- B. Doing all work needed to meet the definition of "Done"
- C. Reporting Sprint progress to the stakeholders daily
- D. Updating Sprint tasks properly in the electronic tracking tool.
正解：B
質問 # 92
Which of the following might the Scrum Team discuss during a Sprint Retrospective?
- A. The way the Scrum Team does Sprint Planning.
- B. All of the above.
- C. Methods of communication.
- D. Its Definition of "Done".
- E. Skills needed to improve the Development Team's ability to deliver.
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is E, because all of these topics can be discussed during a Sprint Retrospective. The Scrum Guide states that "the purpose of the Sprint Retrospective is to plan ways to increase quality and effectiveness. ... During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to improve product quality by adapting the definition of 'Done' as appropriate." Therefore, the Scrum Team can discuss any aspect of their process, communication, skills, or definition of 'Done' that may help them improve.
質問 # 93
A member of the Development Team takes the Scrum Master aside to express his concerns about data security issues. What should the Scrum Master do?
- A. Add security to the definition of "Done".
- B. Go check with the testers.
- C. Ask the person to share the issue with the team as soon as possible.
- D. Create a Product Backlog item for security.
- E. Tell the Product Owner to stop further development of features until the issues are fixed.
正解：C
解説：
The Scrum Master should ask the person to share the issue with the team as soon as possible, as stated in [5]: "The Scrum Master should encourage transparency and collaboration within the team and with other stakeholders. If there is a concern about data security issues, it should be brought up to the team and discussed openly. The team can then decide how to handle it, whether by creating a Product Backlog item, updating the definition of "Done", or taking some other action."
質問 # 94
What are two responsibilities of testers in a Development Team? (Choose two.)
- A. Finding bugs.
- B. Verifying the work of programmers.
- C. Everyone in the Development Team is responsible for quality.
- D. Scrum has no "tester" role.
- E. Tracking quality metrics.
正解：C、D
解説：
The correct answers are B and E, because Scrum has no "tester" role and everyone in the Development Team is responsible for quality. The Scrum Guide states that "the Development Team consists of professionals who do the work of delivering a potentially releasable Increment of 'Done' product at the end of each Sprint. Development Teams are structured and empowered by the organization to organize and manage their own work. The resulting synergy optimizes the Development Team's overall efficiency and effectiveness."
質問 # 95
Choose two responsibilities of a self-organizing Development Team. (Choose two.)
- A. Report daily progress to stakeholders.
- B. Increase velocity.
- C. Do the work planned in the Sprint Backlog.
- D. Pull Product Backlog items for the Sprint.
- E. Reorder the Product Backlog.
正解：C、D
解説：
The correct answers are B and C, because these are two responsibilities of a self-organizing Development Team. The Scrum Guide states that "the Development Team consists of professionals who do the work of delivering a potentially releasable Increment of 'Done' product at the end of each Sprint. Development Teams are structured and empowered by the organization to organize and manage their own work." Therefore, the Development Team should pull Product Backlog items for the Sprint and do the work planned in the Sprint Backlog.
質問 # 96
Which of the following is an example of an Increment? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. A mock-up of the product marketing materials.
- B. A valuable, useful set of products featured.
- C. A product roll-out plan.
- D. All of the above.
- E. A design for the product.
- F. A plan for the overall product release.
正解：B
解説：
An example of an Increment is a valuable, useful set of product features, as stated in [4]: "An Increment is a concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal. Each Increment is additive to all prior Increments and thoroughly verified, ensuring that all Increments work together. In order to provide value, each Increment must be usable."
質問 # 97
Which of these may a Development Team deliver at the end of a Sprint?
- A. An increment of working software that is "done".
- B. A single document, if that is what the Scrum Master asked for.
- C. Failing unit tests, to identify acceptance tests for the next Sprint.
- D. An increment of software with minor known bugs in it.
正解：A
質問 # 98
Marian is the Product Owner envisioning a project for a new release of her product. She made a projection of a release date based upon a sustained velocity of 17 completed units of work per Sprint. Over the first 3 Sprints, the average velocity was 13 for work that the Development Team estimated as 90% done. The Development Teams, feeling the need to meet the plan, figured that a velocity of 17 was within their reach.
A good way to continue is:
- A. Add enough people to the Development Team for the deadline to be made.
- B. The Development Team makes sure that all of the selected scope per Sprint is as "Done" as possible. The undone work is estimated and added to the Sprint Backlog of the next Sprint, so it doesn't mess up the Product Backlog.
- C. The opportunity to inspect and adapt is lost. Opaqueness has replaced transparency. Predictability has dropped below zero. The produced software is not usable. As the rules of Scrum have not been respected, it is the Scrum Master's duty to assess whether repair is possible, or a restart with a more reliable team. If not, the Scrum Master should cancel the project.
- D. The Development Team should remind Marian to find funding for enough Release Sprints in which the remaining work can be done.
正解：B
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, each Increment is additive to all prior Increments and thoroughly verified, ensuring that all Increments work together. In order to provide value, the Increment must be usable. Multiple Increments may be created within a Sprint. The sum of the Increments is presented at the Sprint Review thus supporting empiricism. However, an Increment may be delivered to stakeholders prior to the end of the Sprint. The Sprint Review should never be considered a gate to releasing value. Therefore, a good way to continue is for the Development Team to make sure that all of the selected scope per Sprint is as "Done" as possible. The undone work is estimated and added to the Sprint Backlog of the next Sprint, so it doesn't mess up the Product Backlog.
質問 # 99
How much work Is required of the Developers to complete a Product Backlog Item selected during the Sprint Planning?
(choose the best answer)
- A. All development work and at least some testing.
- B. A proportional amount of time on analysis, design development and testing
- C. As much as they can fit into the Sprint, with remaining work deferred to the next Sprint
- D. as much as is required to meet the Scrum Team's Definition of Done.
正解：D
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, the amount of work required of the Developers to complete a Product Backlog item selected during the Sprint Planning is as much as is required to meet the Scrum Team's Definition of Done. This means that the Developers must ensure that every item they work on is in a usable condition and meets all quality standards agreed upon by the team. The other options are not valid descriptions of the amount of work required, as they are either too vague (such as all development work and some testing or a proportional amount of time) or incorrect (such as fitting as much as possible or deferring work to the next Sprint).
質問 # 100
In the Sprint Planning meeting, the Product Owner and the Development Team were unable to reach a clear understanding about the highest order Product Backlog items. Because of this, the Development Team couldn't figure out how many Product Backlog items it could forecast for the upcoming Sprint. They were able to agree on a Sprint Goal, however.
Which of the following two actions should the Scrum Master support? (Choose two.)
- A. Forecast the most likely Product Backlog items to meet the goal and create a Sprint Backlog based on a likely initial design and plan. Once the time-box for the Sprint Planning meeting is over, start the Sprint and continue to analyze, decompose, and create additional functionality during the Sprint.
- B. Ask everyone to take as much time as needed to analyze the Product Backlog first, and then reconvene another Sprint Planning meeting.
- C. Cancel the Sprint. Send the entire team to an advanced Scrum training and then start a new Sprint.
- D. Continue the Sprint Planning meeting past its time-box until an adequate number of Product Backlog items are well enough understood for the Development Team to make a complete forecast. Then start the Sprint.
- E. Discuss in the upcoming Sprint Retrospective why this happened and what changes will make it less likely to recur.
正解：A、E
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, the Sprint Planning meeting has a time-box of eight hours or less for a one-month Sprint. The Scrum Master ensures that the meeting is time-boxed and keeps the Scrum Team focused on the objective. If the Development Team cannot forecast how many Product Backlog items it can complete, it should still start the Sprint and work on the most likely items to meet the Sprint Goal. The Sprint Backlog can be updated throughout the Sprint as more is learned. The Scrum Master should also support the team to discuss the reasons for the lack of clarity in the Product Backlog items and how to prevent it from happening again in the next Sprint Retrospective.
質問 # 101
How is management external to the Scrum Team involved in the Daily Scrum?
- A. The Development Team self-manages and is the only management required at the Daily Scrum.
- B. The Scrum Master speaks ontheir behalf.
- C. Management gives an update at the start of each Daily Scrum.
- D. The Product Owner represents their opinions.
正解：A
質問 # 102
What it the main reason for the Scrum Master to be at the Daily Scrum?
- A. To make sure every team member answers the three questions.
- B. To write down any changes to the Sprint Backlog, including adding new items, and tracking progress on the burn-down.
- C. He or she does not have to be there; he or she only has to ensure the Development Team has a Daily Scrum.
- D. To gather status and progress information to report to management.
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is C, because the Scrum Guide states that "the Scrum Master ensures that the Development Team has the meeting, but the Development Team is responsible for conducting the Daily Scrum. The Scrum Master teaches the Development Team to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15-minute time-box." Therefore, the main reason for the Scrum Master to be at the Daily Scrum is to ensure that it happens, but he or she does not have to be there.
質問 # 103
Why should the Product Owner be present at the Daily Scrum?
- A. He/She doesn't need to be there.
- B. To represent the stakeholders' point of view.
- C. To participate as a Scrum Team member.
- D. To hear about impediments in functionality.
正解：A
質問 # 104
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スクラム方法論は、アジャイルプロジェクト管理に使用される一般的なフレームワークです。フレームワークは、チームワーク、コラボレーション、および反復開発を強調しています。スクラムは、ソフトウェア開発や、プロジェクト管理が不可欠な他の分野で広く使用されています。スクラムフレームワークには、製品所有者、スクラムマスター、開発チームの3つの役割があります。スクラムマスターは、スクラムフレームワークが正しく実装され、チームがスクラムの原則に効果的に従っていることを確認する責任があります。
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